gov.noaa.nodc:0315110 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-09-14T13:34:06Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Database Version 2026 (SOCATv2026) (NCEI Accession 0315110) 2026-06-12 publication 2026-05-19 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/8dba-fr90 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0315110 NCEI Archive Management System 0315110 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Linus Kamb University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) linus.kamb@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Dorothee Bakker University of East Anglia (UEA) D.Bakker@uea.ac.uk https://www.uea.ac.uk/ HTTPS University of East Anglia (UEA) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Simone R. Alin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) simone.r.alin@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Nicholas Bates Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) Nick.Bates@bios.edu http://www.bios.edu HTTP Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Tobias Ehmen University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) http://www.uib.no/gfi HTTP University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Thanos Gkritzalis Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) thanosg@vliz.be http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Steve D. Jones Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) steve.jones@vliz.be http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Linus Kamb University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) linus.kamb@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Alex Kozyr Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov https://cisess.umd.edu/ HTTPS Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Siv K. Lauvset NORCE Norwegian Research Centre sivk@norceresearch.no https://www.norceresearch.no/en/ HTTPS NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Vlad Alexandru Macovei Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon vlad.macovei@hereon.de collaborator nicolas metzl Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Sorbonne Universités nicolas.metzl@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr principalInvestigator Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) nakaoka.shinichiro@nies.go.jp principalInvestigator Kevin O'Brien OceanOPS / World Meteorological Organization kevin.m.o'brien@noaa.gov principalInvestigator Are Olsen University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) Are.Olsen@gfi.uib.no http://www.uib.no/gfi HTTP University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Denis Pierrot NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) denis.pierrot@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Poelmans S. Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) sarah.poelmans@vliz.be http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Tobias Steinhoff GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) tsteinhoff@geomar.de http://www.geomar.de/ HTTP GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Adrienne Sutton NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Adrienne.Sutton@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Colm Sweeney NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) Colm.Sweeney@noaa.gov https://gml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Shintaro Takao National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) principalInvestigator Maciej Telszewski International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project principalInvestigator Hannelore Theetaert Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) hannelore.theetaert@vliz.be http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Bronte Tilbrook CSIRO Environment, Australian Antarctic Partnership Program principalInvestigator Chisato Wada National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) wada.chisato@nies.go.jp principalInvestigator Rik Wanninkhof NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator John Akl Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) principalInvestigator Takafumi Aramaki National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) wada.chisato@nies.go.jp principalInvestigator Lisandro Ariel Arbilla Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales principalInvestigator Rafael A. Àvila Federal University of Rio Grande rafaelandreavila@gmail.com http://www.furg.br HTTP Federal University of Rio Grande website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Bianca Baier NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) https://gml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Leticia Barbero Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) Leticia.Barbero@noaa.gov https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/ HTTPS Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Roman Battisti University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) roman.battisti@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information collaborator Cory M. Beatty University of Montana (UMT) Cory.Beatty@umontana.edu principalInvestigator Hauke Becker Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Alice Benoit-Cattin Icelandic Marine Research Institute (MRI) alice.benoit-cattin@hafogvatn.is collaborator Carla Florencia Berghoff Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) cberghoff@inidep.edu.ar https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep HTTPS Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website Institution web page information collaborator Henry Bittig Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) henry.bittig@io-warnemuende.de https://www.io-warnemuende.de/ HTTPS Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) website Institution web page information collaborator Jennifer Bonin University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information collaborator ROBERTO BOZZANO National Research Council (CNR) http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information collaborator Eugene F. Burger NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) eugene.burger@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information collaborator Wei-Jun Cai University of Delaware wcai@udel.edu http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information collaborator Carolina Cantoni National Research Council (CNR) http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information collaborator Giuliano Castelli National Research Council (CNR) http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information collaborator Adrian Castro-Alamo Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) https://www.ulpgc.es/ HTTPS Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) website Institution web page information collaborator Don Chambers University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information collaborator Melissa Chierici Institute of Marine Research - Norway (IMR) http://www.imr.no/english/ HTTP Institute of Marine Research - Norway (IMR) website Institution web page information collaborator Margot Cronin Marine Institute Ireland (MI) https://www.marine.ie/ HTTPS Marine Institute Ireland (MI) website Institution web page information collaborator Álvaro H. Cubiella Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep HTTPS Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website Institution web page information collaborator David Curbelo-Hernández Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) https://www.ulpgc.es/ HTTPS Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) website Institution web page information collaborator Susan Curless University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) susan.curless@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information collaborator Ceslav Czyz Norwegian Polar Institute collaborator Denis Diverrès French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) https://www.ird.fr/ HTTPS French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) website Institution web page information collaborator Ian Enochs NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) ian.enochs@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information collaborator Matt Enright Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) http://www.bios.edu HTTP Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) website Institution web page information collaborator Kazutaka Enyo Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) seadata@met.kishou.go.jp collaborator Wiley Evans Hakai Institute wiley.evans@hakai.org https://hakai.org/ HTTPS Hakai Institute website Institution web page information collaborator Richard Feely NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information collaborator Anita Flohr National Oceanography Centre (NOC) https://noc.ac.uk/ HTTPS National Oceanography Centre (NOC) website Institution web page information collaborator Elena Fragiacomo National Research Council (CNR) http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information collaborator Constantin Frangoulis Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research cfrangoulis@hcmr.gr collaborator Agneta Fransson Norwegian Polar Institute agneta@npolar.no collaborator Martina Gehrung Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht collaborator Michael Glockzin Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) https://www.io-warnemuende.de/ HTTPS Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) website Institution web page information collaborator Aridane G. González Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira collaborator MELCHOR GONZALEZ-DAVILA Instituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira melchor.gonzalez@ulpgc.es collaborator David González-Santana Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira collaborator Burke Hales Oregon State University, College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences (OSU-CEOAS) bhales@coas.oregonstate.edu http://ceoas.oregonstate.edu/ HTTP Oregon State University, College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences (OSU-CEOAS) website Institution web page information collaborator SIYABULELA HAMNCA Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observatory shamnca@csir.co.za collaborator Susan Hartman National Oceanography Centre (NOC) s.hartman@noc.ac.uk https://noc.ac.uk/ HTTPS National Oceanography Centre (NOC) website Institution web page information collaborator Rudolf Hermes Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem Project, Andaman Sea Fisheries Research Development Center collaborator Julian Herndon NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Julian.Herndon@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information collaborator Mario Hoppema Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) Mario.Hoppema@awi.de https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information collaborator Evan Michael Howard University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information collaborator I. EMMA HUERTAS Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC) collaborator Torstein Kristensen University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) http://www.uib.no/gfi HTTP University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website Institution web page information collaborator Peter Landschützer Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) peter.landschuetzer@mpimet.mpg.de http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information collaborator Charity Lee Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) http://www.kiost.ac.kr/eng.do HTTP Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) website Institution web page information collaborator Howon Lee Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) http://www.kiost.ac.kr/eng.do HTTP Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) website Institution web page information collaborator Nathalie Lefevre Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) nathalie.lefevre@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/ HTTPS Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) website Institution web page information collaborator Coraline Leseurre Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) coraline.leseurre@vliz.be http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information collaborator Claire Lo Monaco Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Claire.LoMonaco@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/ HTTPS Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) website Institution web page information collaborator A. Luchetta National Research Council (CNR) http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information collaborator Stacy Maenner Jones NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) stacy.maenner@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information collaborator Dana Manalang Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington collaborator Anna M. McAuliffe University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) https://cires.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website Institution web page information collaborator Baxolele Mdokwana Department of Forestry Fisheries and the Environment collaborator Natalie Monacci University of Alaska nmonacci@alaska.edu collaborator Pedro M. S. Monteiro Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observatory collaborator Julio M. Morell University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM) julio.morell@upr.edu https://www.uprm.edu/ HTTPS University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM) website Institution web page information collaborator DAVID MUNRO University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) david.munro@colorado.edu https://cires.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Craig Neill Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) collaborator TIMOTHY NEWBERGER University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Tim.Newberger@noaa.gov https://cires.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website Institution web page information collaborator Sarah Nickford University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) sarah.nickford@noaa.gov collaborator Erik Nilsson Uppsala University http://www.uu.se/en HTTP Uppsala University website Institution web page information collaborator Scott Noakes University of Georgia (UGA) snoakes@uga.edu https://uga.edu/ HTTPS University of Georgia (UGA) website Institution web page information collaborator Jae Hoon Noh Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) http://www.kiost.ac.kr/eng.do HTTP Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) website Institution web page information collaborator Christophe NOISEL LOCEAN/IPSL Laboratory collaborator Chris O'Brien Andaman Sea Fisheries Research Development Center collaborator Léa Olivier Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research lea.olivier@awi.de collaborator abdirahman omar NORCE Norwegian Research Centre https://www.norceresearch.no/en/ HTTPS NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website Institution web page information collaborator Iole B. M. Orselli Federal University of Rio Grande http://www.furg.br HTTP Federal University of Rio Grande website Institution web page information collaborator XOSE ANTONIO PADIN Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas de Vigo (IIM) padin@iim.csic.es https://www.iim.csic.es/ HTTPS Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas de Vigo (IIM) website Institution web page information collaborator Leopoldo D. Pena Universitat de Barcelona collaborator Sara Pensieri National Research Council (CNR) http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information collaborator John Prytherch Stockholm University collaborator Gregor Rehder Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) https://www.io-warnemuende.de/ HTTPS Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) website Institution web page information collaborator Anna Rutgersson Uppsala University http://www.uu.se/en HTTP Uppsala University website Institution web page information collaborator Christopher Sabine University of Hawai`i at Manoa chris.sabine@noaa.gov collaborator Jean baptiste SALLEE Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) jbsallee@gmail.com​ https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/ HTTPS Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) website Institution web page information collaborator Richard Sanders NORCE Norwegian Research Centre https://www.norceresearch.no/en/ HTTPS NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website Institution web page information collaborator Juana Magdalena Santana Casiano Instituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global collaborator Dirk Sarpe GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) http://www.geomar.de/ HTTP GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website Institution web page information collaborator Carsten Schirnick GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) http://www.geomar.de/ HTTP GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website Institution web page information collaborator Reiner Schlitzer Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research collaborator Elizabeth Shadwick Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Elizabeth.Shadwick@csiro.au collaborator Ingunn Skjelvan NORCE Norwegian Research Centre insk@norceresearch.no https://www.norceresearch.no/en/ HTTPS NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website Institution web page information collaborator Michiel T'Jampens Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information collaborator Veronica Tamsitt Submarine Scientific LLC collaborator Axel E. Toledo Aboy Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep HTTPS Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website Institution web page information collaborator Antonio Tovar-Sánchez Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC) collaborator Mutshutshu Tsanwani South Africa Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE) https://www.dffe.gov.za/ HTTPS South Africa Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE) website Institution web page information collaborator Sebastiaan van de Velde University of Otago sebastiaan.vandevelde@otago.ac.nz http://www.otago.ac.nz/ HTTP University of Otago website Institution web page information collaborator Erik van Ooijen Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) collaborator Doug Vandemark University of New Hampshire (UNH) doug.vandemark@unh.edu collaborator Martín Horacio Veccia Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep HTTPS Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website Institution web page information collaborator Yoana G. Voynova Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht collaborator Nancy Louise Williams University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information collaborator Yuan-Yuan Xu University of Delaware yuanyuan.xu@noaa.gov http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information collaborator Bakker, Dorothee C. E. University of East Anglia https://www.uea.ac.uk/ HTTPS University of East Anglia (UEA) website Institution web page information author Alin, Simone R. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Bates, Nicholas Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences http://www.bios.edu HTTP Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) website Institution web page information author Ehmen, Tobias University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute http://www.uib.no/gfi HTTP University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website Institution web page information author Gkritzalis, Thanos Flanders Marine Institute http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information author Jones, Steve D. Flanders Marine Institute http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information author Kamb, Linus University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies, under grant from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information author Kozyr, Alex Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies, under grant from NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://cisess.umd.edu/ HTTPS Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) website Institution web page information author Lauvset, Siv K. NORCE Norwegian Research Centre https://www.norceresearch.no/en/ HTTPS NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website Institution web page information author Macovei, Vlad A. Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon author Metzl, Nicolas Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Sorbonne Universités author Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro National Institute for Environmental Studies author O'Brien, Kevin M. OceanOPS / World Meteorological Organization author Olsen, Are University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute http://www.uib.no/gfi HTTP University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website Institution web page information author Pierrot, Denis NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information author Poelmans, Sarah Flanders Marine Institute http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information author Steinhoff, Tobias GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel http://www.geomar.de/ HTTP GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website Institution web page information author Sutton, Adrienne J. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Sweeney, Colm NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory https://gml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) website Institution web page information author Takao, Shintaro National Institute for Environmental Studies author Telszewski, Maciej International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project author Theetaert, Hannelore Flanders Marine Institute http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information author Tilbrook, Bronte CSIRO Environment, Australian Antarctic Partnership Program author Wada, Chisato National Institute for Environmental Studies wada.chisato@nies.go.jp author Wanninkhof, Rik NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information author Akl, John Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization author Aramaki, Takafumi National Institute for Environmental Studies author Arbilla, Lisandro A. Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales author Àvila, Rafael A. Federal University of Rio Grande rafaelandreavila@gmail.com http://www.furg.br HTTP Federal University of Rio Grande website Institution web page information author Baier, Bianca NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory https://gml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) website Institution web page information author Barbero, Leticia Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/ HTTPS Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website Institution web page information author Battisti, Roman University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies, under grant from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory roman.battisti@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information author Beatty, Cory M. University of Montana Cory.Beatty@umontana.edu author Becker, Hauke Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Benoit-Cattin, Alice Icelandic Marine Research Institute author Berghoff, Carla F. Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep HTTPS Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website Institution web page information author Bittig, Henry C. Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde https://www.io-warnemuende.de/ HTTPS Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) website Institution web page information author Bonin, Jennifer A. University of South Florida https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information author Bozzano, Roberto National Research Council http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information author Burger, Eugene F. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Cai, Wei-Jun University of Delaware http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information author Cantoni, Carolina National Research Council http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information author Castelli, Giuliano National Research Council http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information author Castro Álamo, Adrián Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria https://www.ulpgc.es/ HTTPS Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) website Institution web page information author Chambers, Don P. University of South Florida https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information author Chierici, Melissa Institute of Marine Research - Norway http://www.imr.no/english/ HTTP Institute of Marine Research - Norway (IMR) website Institution web page information author Cronin, Margot Marine Institute Ireland https://www.marine.ie/ HTTPS Marine Institute Ireland (MI) website Institution web page information author Cubiella, Álvaro H. Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep HTTPS Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website Institution web page information author Curbelo-Hernández, David Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria https://www.ulpgc.es/ HTTPS Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) website Institution web page information author Curless, Susan University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies, under grant from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory susan.curless@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information author Czyz, Ceslav Norwegian Polar Institute author Diverrès, Denis French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development https://www.ird.fr/ HTTPS French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) website Institution web page information author Dougherty, Sean University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) sean.dougherty@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS website Institution web page information author Enochs, Ian C. 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Emma Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC) author Kerr, Rodrigo Universidade Federal do Rio Grande http://www.furg.br HTTP Federal University of Rio Grande website Institution web page information author Kristensen, Torstein University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute http://www.uib.no/gfi HTTP University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website Institution web page information author Landschützer, Peter Flanders Marine Institute http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information author Lee, Charity M. Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology http://www.kiost.ac.kr/eng.do HTTP Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) website Institution web page information author Lee, Howon Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology http://www.kiost.ac.kr/eng.do HTTP Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) website Institution web page information author Lefèvre, Nathalie Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/ HTTPS Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) website Institution web page information author Leseurre, Coraline Flanders Marine Institute http://www.vliz.be HTTP Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website Institution web page information author Lo Monaco, Claire Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/ HTTPS Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) website Institution web page information author Luchetta, Anna National Research Council http://www.cnr.it/ HTTP National Research Council (CNR) website Institution web page information author Maenner Jones, Stacy NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory stacy.maenner@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Manalang, Dana Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington author McAuliffe, Anna M. 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University of Hawai`i at Manoa author Sallée, Jean-Baptiste Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/ HTTPS Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) website Institution web page information author Sanders, Richard NORCE Norwegian Research Centre https://www.norceresearch.no/en/ HTTPS NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website Institution web page information author Santana-Casiano, J. 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https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The ocean absorbs one quarter of the global CO2 emissions from human activity. The community-led Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (www.socat.info) is key for the quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and its variation, now and in the future. SOCAT version 2026 has quality-controlled in situ surface ocean fCO2 (fugacity of CO2) measurements on ships, moorings, sailing yachts, autonomous and drifting surface platforms for the global ocean and coastal seas from 1957 to 2025. The main SOCAT synthesis and gridded products contain fCO2 values with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 μatm. Sensor fCO2 data with an estimated accuracy of better than 10 μatm are separately available. During secondary quality control, marine scientists assign a flag to each data set, as well as WOCE flags of 2 (good), 3 (questionable) or 4 (bad) to individual fCO2 values. Data sets are assigned flags of A and B for an estimated accuracy of better than 2 μatm, flag of C (and D) for an accuracy of better than 5 μatm and a flag of E for an accuracy of better than 10 μatm. Bakker et al. (2016) describe the quality control criteria used from SOCAT version 3 on-wards. SOCAT quality control cookbooks provide quality control updates with Gkritzalis et al. (2024) used for version 2026. Quality control comments for individual data sets can be accessed via the SOCAT Interactive Data Set Viewer (www.socat.info). All data sets, where data quality has been deemed acceptable, have been made public. The main SOCAT synthesis files and the gridded products contain all data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 µatm (data set flags of A to D) and fCO2 values with a WOCE flag of 2. Access to data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 10 µatm (flag of E) and fCO2 values with flags of 3 and 4 is via additional data products and the Data Set Viewer (Table 8 in Bakker et al., 2016). SOCAT publishes a global gridded product with a 1° longitude by 1° latitude resolution without gap filling. A second product with a higher resolution of 0.25° longitude by 0.25° latitude is available for the coastal seas. The gridded products contain all data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 µatm (data set flags of A to D) and fCO2 values with a WOCE flag of 2. Gridded products are available monthly, per year and per decade. Two powerful, interactive, online viewers, the Interactive Data Set Viewer and the Interactive Gridded Data Viewer (www.socat.info), enable investigation of the SOCAT synthesis and gridded data products. SOCAT data products can also be downloaded. Matlab code is available for reading these files. Ocean Data View also provides access to the SOCAT data products (www.socat.info). SOCAT data products are FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable). The SOCAT website (www.socat.info) provides a single access point for online viewers, downloadable data sets, the Data Use Statement, a list of contributors and an overview of scientific publications on SOCAT and using SOCAT. Automation of data upload and initial data checks have allowed annual releases of SOCAT from version 4 onwards. Automation of metadata upload is ongoing. The Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the US is key to the SOCAT effort. In 2026, a second SOCAT hub opened at the Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) in Belgium, with the aim of supporting SOCAT coordination, data submission and quality control in close collaboration with NOAA PMEL. SOCAT is used for quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and ocean acidification and for evaluation of earth system models and sensor data. SOCAT products inform on ocean CO2 uptake in the annual Global Carbon Budget since 2013. SOCAT is a key element of the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Global Greenhouse Gas Watch (G3W) program and is a key resource for Copernicus’ evaluations. The annual SOCAT releases by the SOCAT scientific community contribute to United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 and SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and to the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Hundreds of peer-reviewed scientific publications and high-impact reports cite SOCAT. The SOCAT community-led synthesis product is a key step in the value chain based on in situ surface ocean carbon measurements, which provides policy makers with critical information on ocean CO2 uptake for policy makers. The need for accurate knowledge of global ocean CO2 uptake and its (future) variation makes sustained funding of in situ surface ocean CO2 observations and their synthesis imperative. To provide the synthesis and gridded, quality controlled, observational products of surface ocean fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) for the global oceans and coastal seas Funding Information: Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division of NOAA's Climate Program Office, GOMO, EU, NSF, Japan Climate Research Programs (Surface Water pCO2 measurements from ships; High-Resolution Ocean and Atmosphere pCO2 Time-Series Measurements) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0315110 Preview graphic PNG 0315110 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2026-05-29 publication Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY - SURFACE WATER WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS barometric pressure sensor carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer salinometer temperature sensor instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical derived products meteorological physical surface measurements theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development Bermuda Biological Station for Research Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Flanders Marine Institute GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Hakai Institute Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Icelandic Marine Research Institute IO PAS Japan Meteorological Agency Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde Marine Institute Ireland National Institute for Environmental Studies National Oceanography Centre NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory NORCE Norwegian Research Centre Norwegian Polar Institute Oregon State University Sorbonne University Stockholm University UAF College of Fisheries and Ocean Science Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia University of Georgia University of Hawaii Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research University of Montana University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography University of South Florida University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory, Polar Science Center Uppsala University dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Arctic Ocean Indian Ocean North Atlantic Ocean North Pacific Ocean South Atlantic Ocean South Pacific Ocean Southern Ocean World-Wide Distribution place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication AWI > Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research BBSR > Bermuda Biological Station for Research BE/VLIZ > Flanders Marine Institute, Belgium DE/GEOMAR > GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/OAR/AOML > Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/OAR/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce IE/MARINE > Marine Institute, Ireland IOW > Leibniz Institute Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemuende, Germany JP/JMA > Japan Meteorological Agency, Japan JP/NIES > National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan KIOST > Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology NO/NPI > Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway U-BERGEN/GEOPH > Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen U-SOTON/NOC > National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton UAK > University of Alaska, School of Fisheries UCO/CIRES > Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado UHI/SOEST/JIMAR > Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii UMT > University of Montana URI/GSO > Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island UWA/APL/PSC > Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Multiple project Cruise ID Multiple project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords Coastal Carbon Project Moorings and Time Series project SOOP project Reference Section ID Coastal Carbon Project Moorings and Time Series Project Ship Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) project Research Projects EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Data synthesis product Surface measurement theme OCADS Study Type SOCAT SOCATv2026 Data Synthesis Product SOCATv2026 database SOCATv2026 gridded data product theme Provider Keywords ATM_PPRE EQ_PRE EQ_TMP SSS SST fCO2 theme Provider Variable Abbreviations BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS SALINOMETERS TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean Southern Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Alin, Simone R.; Bates, Nicholas; Ehmen, Tobias; Gkritzalis, Thanos; Jones, Steve D.; Kamb, Linus; Kozyr, Alex; Lauvset, Siv K.; Macovei, Vlad A.; Metzl, Nicolas; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; O'Brien, Kevin M.; Olsen, Are; Pierrot, Denis; Poelmans, Sarah; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Sweeney, Colm; Takao, Shintaro; Telszewski, Maciej; Theetaert, Hannelore; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wada, Chisato; Wanninkhof, Rik; Akl, John; Aramaki, Takafumi; Arbilla, Lisandro A.; Àvila, Rafael A.; Baier, Bianca; Barbero, Leticia; Battisti, Roman; Beatty, Cory M.; Becker, Hauke; Benoit-Cattin, Alice; Berghoff, Carla F.; Bittig, Henry C.; Bonin, Jennifer A.; Bozzano, Roberto; Burger, Eugene F.; Cai, Wei-Jun; Cantoni, Carolina; Castelli, Giuliano; Castro Álamo, Adrián; Chambers, Don P.; Chierici, Melissa; Cronin, Margot; Cubiella, Álvaro H.; Curbelo-Hernández, David; Curless, Susan; Czyz, Ceslav; Diverrès, Denis; Dougherty, Sean; Enochs, Ian C.; Enright, Matt P.; Enyo, Kazutaka; Evans, Wiley; Feely, Richard A.; Flohr, Anita; Fragiacomo, Elena; Frangoulis, Constantin; Fransson, Agneta; Gehrung, Martina; Glockzin, Michael; González, Aridane G.; González-Dávila, Melchor; González-Santana, David; Hales, Burke; Hamnca, Siyabulela; Hartman, Susan E.; Hermes, Rudolf; Herndon, Julian; Hoppema, Mario; Howard, Evan; Huertas, I. Emma; Kerr, Rodrigo; Kristensen, Torstein; Landschützer, Peter; Lee, Charity M.; Lee, Howon; Lefèvre, Nathalie; Leseurre, Coraline; Lo Monaco, Claire; Luchetta, Anna; Maenner Jones, Stacy; Manalang, Dana; McAuliffe, Anna M.; Mdokwana, Baxolele; Monacci, Natalie M.; Monteiro, Pedro M. S.; Morell, Julio M.; Munro, David R.; Neill, Craig; Newberger, Tim; Nickford, Sarah; Nilsson, Erik; Noakes, Scott; Noh, Jae-Hoon; Noisel, Christophe; O'Brien, Chris; Olivier, Léa; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Orselli, Iole; Padín, Xose A.; Pena González, Leopoldo David; Pensieri, Sara; Prytherch, John; Rehder, Gregor; Rutgersson, Anna; Sabine, Christopher L.; Sallée, Jean-Baptiste; Sanders, Richard; Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena; Sarpe, Dirk; Schirnick, Carsten; Schlitzer, Reiner; Shadwick, Elizabeth H.; Skjelvan, Ingunn; T'Jampens, Michiel; Tamsitt, Veronica; Toledo Aboy, Axel E.; Tovar-Sánchez, Antonio; Tsanwani, Mutshutshu; van de Velde, Sebastiaan; van Ooijen, Erik; Vandemark, Douglas; Veccia, Martín H.; Voynova, Yoana G.; Williams, Nancy L.; Xu, Yuan-Yuan (2026). Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Database Version 2026 (SOCATv2026) (NCEI Accession 0315110). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/8dba-fr90. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. license This dataset is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. SPDX License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Landa, C. S., Metzl, N., O’Brien, K. M., Olsen, A., Smith, K., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Jones, S. D., Nakaoka, S.-i., Nojiri, Y., Schuster, U., Steinhoff, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Wanninkhof, R., et al. (2016). A multi-decade record of high-quality f CO2 data in version 3 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT). Earth System Science Data, 8(2), 383–413. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016 2016-09-15 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016 related journal article information Bakker, Dorothee C. E. University of East Anglia author Pfeil, Benjamin author Landa, Camilla S. author Metzl, Nicolas author O'Brien, Kevin M. author Olsen, Are University of Bergen author Smith, Karl author Cosca, Cathy author Harasawa, Sumiko author Jones, Stephen D. VLIZ author Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro National Institute for Environmental Studies author Nojiri, Yukihiro author Schuster, Ute author Steinhoff, Tobias GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel http://www.geomar.de/ HTTP GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website Institution web page information author Sweeney, Colm NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) website Institution web page information author Takahashi, Taro author Tilbrook, Bronte CSIRO author Wada, Chisato author Wanninkhof, Rik author Alin, Simone R. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration author Balestrini, Carlos F. author Barbero, Leticia University of Miami http://www.miami.edu/ HTTP University of Miami (UM) website Institution web page information author Bates, Nicholas R. author Bianchi, Alejandro A. author Bonou, Frédéric author Boutin, Jacqueline CNRS Délégation Paris B https://www.cnrs.fr/ HTTPS French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) website Institution web page information author Bozec, Yann author Burger, Eugene F. author Cai, Wei-Jun University of Delaware http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information author Castle, Robert D. author Chen, Liqi author Chierici, Melissa author Currie, Kim author Evans, Wiley author Featherstone, Charles author Feely, Richard A. author Fransson, Agneta author Goyet, Catherine author Greenwood, Naomi Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science https://www.cefas.co.uk/ HTTPS Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) website Institution web page information author Gregor, Luke Swiss Data Science Center author Hankin, Steven author Hardman-Mountford, Nick J. author Harlay, Jérôme author Hauck, Judith Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Hoppema, Mario Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Humphreys, Matthew P. Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research http://www.nioz.nl/ HTTP Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) website Institution web page information author Hunt, Christopher W. author Huss, Betty author Ibánhez, J. Severino P. author Johannessen, Truls University of Bergen author Keeling, Ralph University of California, San Diego author Kitidis, Vassilis author Körtzinger, Arne GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research http://www.geomar.de/ HTTP GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website Institution web page information author Kozyr, Alex author Krasakopoulou, Evangelia author Kuwata, Akira author Landschützer, Peter Flanders Marine Institute author Lauvset, Siv K. author Lefèvre, Nathalie author Lo Monaco, Claire author Manke, Ansley author Mathis, Jeremy T. author Merlivat, Liliane author Millero, Frank J. author Monteiro, Pedro M. S. author Munro, David R. University of Colorado Boulder https://www.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder website Institution web page information author Murata, Akihiko author Newberger, Timothy author Omar, Abdirahman M. author Ono, Tsuneo Fisheries Resources Institute / Fisheries Research Agency author Paterson, Kristina author Pearce, David author Pierrot, Denis Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory author Robbins, Lisa L. author Saito, Shu author Salisbury, Joe author Schlitzer, Reiner author Schneider, Bernd author Schweitzer, Roland author Sieger, Rainer Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Skjelvan, Ingunn author Sullivan, Kevin F. author Sutherland, Stewart C. author Sutton, Adrienne J. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory author Tadokoro, Kazuaki author Telszewski, Maciej author Tuma, Matthias author van Heuven, Steven M. A. C. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Vandemark, Doug author Ward, Brian author Watson, Andrew J. University of Exeter http://www.exeter.ac.uk/ HTTP University of Exeter website Institution web page information author Xu, Suqing author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 8(2) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 383-413 crossReference project Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Olsen, A., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O’Brien, K. M., Schuster, U., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., … Watson, A. J. (2014). An update to the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2). Earth System Science Data, 6(1), 69–90. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 2014-03-07 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014 related journal article information Bakker, D. C. E. University of East Anglia author Pfeil, B. author Smith, K. author Hankin, S. author Olsen, A. University of Bergen author Alin, S. R. author Cosca, C. author Harasawa, S. author Kozyr, A. author Nojiri, Y. author O'Brien, K. M. author Schuster, U. author Telszewski, M. author Tilbrook, B. CSIRO author Wada, C. author Akl, J. author Barbero, L. University of Miami http://www.miami.edu/ HTTP University of Miami (UM) website Institution web page information author Bates, N. R. author Boutin, J. CNRS Délégation Paris B https://www.cnrs.fr/ HTTPS French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) website Institution web page information author Bozec, Y. author Cai, W.-J. author Castle, R. D. author Chavez, F. P. author Chen, L. author Chierici, M. author Currie, K. author de Baar, H. J. W. author Evans, W. author Feely, R. A. author Fransson, A. author Gao, Z. author Hales, B. author Hardman-Mountford, N. J. author Hoppema, M. Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Huang, W.-J. author Hunt, C. W. author Huss, B. author Ichikawa, T. author Johannessen, T. University of Bergen author Jones, E. M. author Jones, S. D. VLIZ author Jutterström, S. author Kitidis, V. author Körtzinger, A. author Landschützer, P. author Lauvset, S. K. author Lefèvre, N. author Manke, A. B. author Mathis, J. T. author Merlivat, L. author Metzl, N. author Murata, A. author Newberger, T. author Omar, A. M. author Ono, T. author Park, G.-H. author Paterson, K. author Pierrot, D. author Ríos, A. F. author Sabine, C. L. author Saito, S. author Salisbury, J. author Sarma, V. V. S. S. author Schlitzer, R. Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung author Sieger, R. Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Skjelvan, I. author Steinhoff, T. author Sullivan, K. F. author Sun, H. author Sutton, A. J. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory author Suzuki, T. author Sweeney, C. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) website Institution web page information author Takahashi, T. author Tjiputra, J. author Tsurushima, N. author van Heuven, S. M. A. C. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar und Meeresforschung https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information author Vandemark, D. author Vlahos, P. author Wallace, D. W. R. author Wanninkhof, R. author Watson, A. J. author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 6(1) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 69-90 crossReference project Pfeil, B., Olsen, A., Bakker, D. C. E., Hankin, S., Koyuk, H., Kozyr, A., Malczyk, J., Manke, A., Metzl, N., Sabine, C. L., Akl, J., Alin, S. R., Bates, N., Bellerby, R. G. J., Borges, A., Boutin, J., Brown, P. J., Cai, W.-J., Chavez, F. P., … Yoshikawa-Inoue, H. (2013). A uniform, quality controlled Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT). Earth System Science Data, 5(1), 125–143. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-125-2013 2013-04-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-125-2013 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-125-2013 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-125-2013 related journal article information Pfeil, B. author Olsen, A. author Bakker, D. C. E. author Hankin, S. author Koyuk, H. author Kozyr, A. author Malczyk, J. author Manke, A. author Metzl, N. author Sabine, C. L. author Akl, J. author Alin, S. R. author Bates, N. author Bellerby, R. G. J. author Borges, A. author Boutin, J. author Brown, P. J. author Cai, W.-J. author Chavez, F. P. author Chen, A. author Cosca, C. author Fassbender, A. J. author Feely, R. A. author González-Dávila, M. author Goyet, C. author Hales, B. author Hardman-Mountford, N. author Heinze, C. author Hood, M. author Hoppema, M. author Hunt, C. W. author Hydes, D. author Ishii, M. author Johannessen, T. author Jones, S. D. author Key, R. M. author Körtzinger, A. author Landschützer, P. author Lauvset, S. K. author Lefèvre, N. author Lenton, A. author Lourantou, A. author Merlivat, L. author Midorikawa, T. author Mintrop, L. author Miyazaki, C. author Murata, A. author Nakadate, A. author Nakano, Y. author Nakaoka, S. author Nojiri, Y. author Omar, A. M. author Padin, X. A. author Park, G.-H. author Paterson, K. author Perez, F. F. author Pierrot, D. author Poisson, A. author Ríos, A. F. author Santana-Casiano, J. M. author Salisbury, J. author Sarma, V. V. S. S. author Schlitzer, R. author Schneider, B. author Schuster, U. author Sieger, R. author Skjelvan, I. author Steinhoff, T. author Suzuki, T. author Takahashi, T. author Tedesco, K. author Telszewski, M. author Thomas, H. author Tilbrook, B. author Tjiputra, J. author Vandemark, D. author Veness, T. author Wanninkhof, R. author Watson, A. J. author Weiss, R. author Wong, C. S. author Yoshikawa-Inoue, H. author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 5(1) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 125-143 crossReference project Sabine, C. L., Hankin, S., Koyuk, H., Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Olsen, A., Metzl, N., Kozyr, A., Fassbender, A., Manke, A., Malczyk, J., Akl, J., Alin, S. R., Bellerby, R. G. J., Borges, A., Boutin, J., Brown, P. J., Cai, W.-J., Chavez, F. P., … Yoshikawa-Inoue, H. (2013). Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) gridded data products. Earth System Science Data, 5(1), 145–153. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013 2013-04-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013 related journal article information Sabine, C. L. author Hankin, S. author Koyuk, H. author Bakker, D. C. E. University of East Anglia author Pfeil, B. author Olsen, A. University of Bergen author Metzl, N. author Kozyr, A. author Fassbender, A. author Manke, A. author Malczyk, J. author Akl, J. author Alin, S. R. author Bellerby, R. G. J. author Borges, A. author Boutin, J. author Brown, P. J. author Cai, W.-J. author Chavez, F. P. author Chen, A. author Cosca, C. author Feely, R. A. author González-Dávila, M. author Goyet, C. author Hardman-Mountford, N. author Heinze, C. author Hoppema, M. author Hunt, C. W. author Hydes, D. author Ishii, M. author Johannessen, T. author Key, R. M. author Körtzinger, A. author Landschützer, P. author Lauvset, S. K. author Lefèvre, N. author Lenton, A. author Lourantou, A. author Merlivat, L. author Midorikawa, T. author Mintrop, L. author Miyazaki, C. author Murata, A. author Nakadate, A. author Nakano, Y. author Nakaoka, S. author Nojiri, Y. author Omar, A. M. author Padin, X. A. author Park, G.-H. author Paterson, K. author Perez, F. F. author Pierrot, D. author Poisson, A. author Ríos, A. F. author Salisbury, J. author Santana-Casiano, J. M. author Sarma, V. V. S. S. author Schlitzer, R. author Schneider, B. author Schuster, U. author Sieger, R. author Skjelvan, I. author Steinhoff, T. author Suzuki, T. author Takahashi, T. author Tedesco, K. author Telszewski, M. author Thomas, H. author Tilbrook, B. author Vandemark, D. author Veness, T. author Watson, A. J. author Weiss, R. author Wong, C. S. author Yoshikawa-Inoue, H. author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 5(1) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 145-153 crossReference project Gkritzalis, T., Bakker, D. C. E., Lauvset, S. K. And Steinhoff, T. (2024) SOCAT Quality Control Cookbook – For version 2025 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas. 26 pp. Published on 18/12/2024. Last access 22/05/2025. Available here: https://socat.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024_SOCAT_QC_Cookbook_Update.pdf 2024 publication https://socat.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024_SOCAT_QC_Cookbook_Update.pdf HTTPS https://socat.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024_SOCAT_QC_Cookbook_Update.pdf Related resource information crossReference project SOCAT publication https://www.socat.info/ HTTPS https://www.socat.info/ Related resource information documentDigital crossReference project SOCATv2026 ODV collection publication https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/socat-fco2-data/ HTTPS https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/socat-fco2-data/ Related resource information documentDigital crossReference project SOCATv2026 ODV collection online via webODV publication https://explore.webodv.awi.de/ocean/carbon/socat/ HTTPS https://explore.webodv.awi.de/ocean/carbon/socat/ Related resource information documentDigital crossReference project Ships Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project GlobaL CO2 Time-Series and Moorings Project 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/time_series_moorings.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/time_series_moorings.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ASV/ HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ASV/ Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -180 180 -90 90 1957-10-22 2026-01-31 FUNDING AGENCY: Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division of NOAA's Climate Program Office, GOMO, EU, NSF, Japan Climate Research Programs PROJECT TITLE: Surface Water pCO2 measurements from ships; High-Resolution Ocean and Atmosphere pCO2 Time-Series Measurements. The SOCAT Data Use Statement (www.socat.info) asks users to generously acknowledge the contribution of SOCAT scientists by invitation to co-authorship, especially for data providers in regional studies, and/or reference to relevant scientific articles. It also asks users to cite the relevant SOCAT data set, the relevant methods paper(s), and to use acknowledgement text. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 17015.708 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0315110.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/8dba-fr90 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/315110 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/315110 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0246/0315110/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0315110 v1.1 was published. 2026-06-12T16:51:18Z NCEI Accession 0315110 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0315110/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0315110 v1.1 published 2026-06-12T16:51:18Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: fCO2; Unit: uatm; Observation type: Surface underway; Measured or calculated: fCO2 recomputed from the raw data; Equilibrator type:; Equilibrator volume:; How was pressure inside the equilibrator measured:; SEA CO2 gas detector resolution: Accuracy: better than 5 uatm; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value; Researcher name: SOCAT Team Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Salinity; Abbreviation: SSS; Observation type: measured, data synthesis; Researcher name: SOCAT team Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature; Abbreviation: SST; Unit: Deg. C; Observation type: measured, data synthesis; Researcher name: SOCAT Team Parameter or Variable: Atmospheric Pressure; Abbreviation: ATM_PPRE; Unit: DBAR; Observation type: measured, data synthesis; Researcher name: SOCAT Team Parameter or Variable: Pressure at Equilibrator; Abbreviation: EQ_PRE; Unit: DBAR; Observation type: measured, data synthesis; Researcher name: SOCAT Team Parameter or Variable: Water Temperature at Equilibrator; Abbreviation: EQ_TMP; Unit: Deg. C; Observation type: measured, data synthesis; Researcher name: SOCAT Team asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian barometric pressure sensor barometric pressure sensor instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure. carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. salinometer salinometer generic salinometer use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements temperature sensor temperature sensor A sensor used to measure temperature. VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS