{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Michelle R Plampin", "hasEmail": "mailto:mplampin@usgs.gov"}, "description": "Hydraulic testing has revealed dramatic underpressures in Paleozoic shales and carbonates at the \nBruce nuclear site in Ontario. Although evidence from both laboratory and field studies suggests that \na small amount of gas phase methane could be present in the shale, previous studies examining \ncausal linkages between gas phase and the underpressure have been inconclusive. To better elucidate \nprocesses in such a system, we used a highly simplified 1-D representation of the site to test, using \niTOUGH2-EOS7C, the effects of various factors on the evolution of gas phase methane and pressures \nwithin the system. Heterogeneity was represented using three stratigraphic regions with distinctly \ndifferent capillary pressure characteristics and, in one case, a few thin, distinct zones. Underpressure \noccurred only when gas pressures set as an initial conditions required it, and even in this case it was \ngeologically short-lived. We conclude that the presence of multiple fluid phases is unlikely to explain \nthe underpressure at the site, and suggest that the influence of gas phase methane on pore water flow \nis minimal. This is consistent with prior conceptualizations of the underpressured section as a thick \naquiclude, in which solute transport occurs extremely slowly, bounded by aquifers of significantly higher \npermeability. ", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/F7JQ107B", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.ede21a20-54f5-4f68-9898-a55dc8c2e7fd.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_ede21a20-54f5-4f68-9898-a55dc8c2e7fd", "keyword": ["Bruce County", "Groundwater", "Groundwater Model", "InlandWaters", "Kincardine", "Low Permeability", "Michigan Basin", "Multiphase Flow", "Ontario", "USGS:ede21a20-54f5-4f68-9898-a55dc8c2e7fd", "environment", "geoscientificInformation", "iTOUGH2-EOS7C", "inlandWaters", "usgsgroundwatermodel"], "modified": "2018-12-07T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-81.581936, 44.325589, -81.581936, 44.325589", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "iTOUGH2-EOS7C model used to analyze multiphase flow and underpressured shale at the Bruce Nuclear Site, Ontario, Canada"}