gov.noaa.nodc:0314939 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-06-16T13:23:38Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Surface underway measurements of pCO2, water temperature, salinity and other variables collected during R/V Polarstern cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean from 2024-12-24 to 2025-08-31 (NCEI Accession 0314939) 2026-05-14 publication 2026-05-14 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/y6qs-j872 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0314939 NCEI Archive Management System 0314939 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Léa Olivier Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) lea.olivier@awi.de https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Léa Olivier Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) lea.olivier@awi.de principalInvestigator Mario Hoppema Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) Mario.Hoppema@awi.de principalInvestigator Hauke Becker Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) hauke.becker@awi.de principalInvestigator Olivier, Léa Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) author Hoppema, Mario Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) author Becker, Hauke Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) author Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset includes surface underway, chemical and meteorological data collected from R/V Polarstern in the North Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean from 2024-12-24 to 2025-08-31. These data include partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere, partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction. The instruments used to collect these data include Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. Funding Information: Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Germany (SOOP) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0314939 Preview graphic PNG 0314939 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2026-05-12 publication BAROMETRIC PRESSURE Delta pCO2 Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY - SURFACE WATER WATER TEMPERATURE xCO2 atmosphere xCO2 seawater theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS barometric pressure sensor carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer salinometer SeaWinds temperature sensor instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS RV Polarstern platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Arctic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication AWI > Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian PS146 PS147_1 PS147_2 PS148 PS149 project Cruise ID 06AQ20241224 06AQ20250313 06AQ20250401 06AQ20250529 06AQ20250702 project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords SOOP, VOS project Reference Section ID EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type DfCO2 Press_Equil SSS SST T_Eq Wind_speed atm_pres fCO2_atm fCO2_sw pCO2_sw xCO2_atm xCO2_sea theme Provider Variable Abbreviations BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS SALINOMETERS SEAWINDS > SeaWinds Scatterometer TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Polarstern (call sign: DBLK, ICES code: 06AQ, 1982-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Arctic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Olivier, Léa; Hoppema, Mario; Becker, Hauke (2026). Surface underway measurements of pCO2, water temperature, salinity and other variables collected during R/V Polarstern cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean from 2024-12-24 to 2025-08-31 (NCEI Accession 0314939). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/y6qs-j872. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. license This dataset is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. SPDX License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) R/V Polarstern Underway Measurement Cruises 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ANT_Polarstern.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ANT_Polarstern.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project Ships Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -56.742 34.126 -79.8 86.1 2024-12-24 2025-08-31 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 34.348 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0314939.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/y6qs-j872 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/314939 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/314939 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0244/0314939/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0314939 v1.1 was published. 2026-05-14T19:30:32Z NCEI Accession 0314939 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0314939/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0314939 v1.1 published 2026-05-14T19:30:32Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Salinity; Abbreviation: SSS; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature; Abbreviation: SST; Unit: DEG_C; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Equilibrator Temperature; Abbreviation: T_Eq; Unit: DEG_C; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Equilibrator Pressure; Abbreviation: Press_Equil; Unit: MBAR; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Mol-fraction of CO2 in sea; Abbreviation: xCO2_sea; Unit: ppm_dry; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Analyzing instrument: LICOR 7000 Parameter or Variable: Mol-fraction of CO2 in atmosphere; Abbreviation: xCO2_atm; Unit: ppm_dry; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Fugacity CO2 in sea, wet at SST; Abbreviation: fCO2_sw; Unit: uatm; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Sampling instrument: LICOR; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: The sensor has been occasionally calibrated using ice or water at roomtemp (in dewar). No formal calibration document available, but accuracy is certainly better than 0.02 degC: comparison in august 2010 with a freshly calibrated Fluke sensor showed an rmse of regression of ±0.028 degC over 0-25 degC. Comparison with known-good Fluke probe+redout at ~0 and ~25 in Nov 2013 showed differences <0.002 deg (!). Since then, the sensor has not been calibrated, as the cost is very expensive (appr. 3000€) and we don't have a spare (so if we send it to calibration we cannot run the system, but Polarstern stops only twice a year so we would loose >6months of data) Parameter or Variable: Fugacity CO2 in atm, wet at SST; Abbreviation: fCO2_atm; Unit: uatm; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Partial pressure of CO2; Abbreviation: pCO2_sw; Unit: uatm; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Delta fCO2; Abbreviation: DfCO2; Unit: uatm; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Atmospheric Pressure; Abbreviation: atm_pres; Unit: mbar; Observation type: underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Researcher name: Steven van Heuven; Researcher institution: Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Parameter or Variable: Wind_speed; Abbreviation: Wind_speed; Unit: kn; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian barometric pressure sensor barometric pressure sensor instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure. carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. salinometer salinometer generic salinometer use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements SeaWinds SeaWinds Microwave radar (scatterometer) measuring ocean near-surface wind speed and direction A scatterometer is a microwave radar sensor used to measure the reflection or scattering effect produced while scanning the surface of the earth from an aircraft or a satellite. The SeaWinds scatterometer is a microwave radar designed specifically to measure ocean near-surface wind speed and direction. A SeaWinds scatterometer was deployed on NASA's QuikSCAT mission in 1999. The SeaWinds scatterometer consists of three major parts: the Electronics Subsystem (SES), the Antenna Subsystem (SAS), and the Command and Data Subsystem (CDS). The Electronics Subsystem is the heart of the scatterometer and it contains a transmitter, receiver and digital signal processor. It generates and sends high radio frequency (RF) waves to the antenna. The antenna transmits the signal to the Earth's surface as energy pulses. When the pulses hit the surface of the ocean it causes a scattering affect referred to as backscatter. A rough ocean surface returns a stronger signal because the waves reflect more of the radar energy back toward the scatterometer antenna. A smooth ocean surface returns a weaker signal because less of the energy is reflected. The echo or backscatter is routed by the antenna to the SES through waveguides (rectangular metal pipes that guide RF energy waves from one point to another). The SES then converts the signals into digital form for data processing. The CDS is essentially a computer housing the software that allows the instrument to operate. It provides the link between the command center on the ground, the spacecraft and the scatterometer. It controls the overall operation of the instrument, including the timing of each transmitted pulse and collects all the information necessary to transform the received echoes into wind measurements at a specific location on Earth. To locate the precise position on Earth at which the echo was taken, the CDS collects (for each pulse) the antenna rotational position, spacecraft time, and an estimate of the spacecraft position. The CDS also collects instrument temperature, operating voltages and currents, so that the overall health of the instrument can be monitored. It is through the CDS that the other two subsystems receive the commands that control all of their functions. SeaWinds Scatterometer Layout: The SAS consists of a one-meter parabolic reflector antenna mounted to a spin activator assembly, which causes the reflector to rotate at 18 Rpm's (revolutions per minute). The activator assembly provides very accurate spin control and precise position or pointing information to the CDS. Optical encoders, glass disks with small patterns printed on the surface, tell the CDS exactly where the antenna is pointing to about 10/1000 of a degree. The antenna spins at a very precise rate, and emits two beams about 6 degrees apart, each consisting of a continuous stream of pulses. The two beams are necessary to achieve accurate wind direction measurements. The pointing of these beams is precisely calibrated before launch so that the echoes may be accurately located on the ground from space. Data derived from ocean scatterometers is vital to scientists in the their studies of air-sea interaction and ocean circulation, and their effects on weather patterns and global climate. These data are also useful in the study of unusual weather phenomena such as El Niño, the long-term effects of deforestation on our rain forests, and changes in the sea-ice masses around the polar regions. Scatterometer data, with wide swath coverage, have been shown to significantly improve the forecast accuracy of these models. (From: http://winds.jpl.nasa.gov/aboutScat/index.cfm) temperature sensor temperature sensor A sensor used to measure temperature. RV Polarstern Additional information provided by ICES on 7/9/2009: Polarstern Flag : GERMANY - DE (ISO Country Code) Call Sign : DBLK Title : Research vessel IMO : 8013132 Commissioned Date : 1982-12-01 Current Length : 118 Built : 1982 Notes : Icebreaker rV Information Source : http://www.awi.de/en/infrastructure/ships/polarstern/ () Lloyds URL : http://www.lloydsmiu.com/lmiu/vessels/overview.htm?vesselID=154010