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          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: PHAEOPIGMENT CONCENTRATION (measured);
Units: microgram/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water.  Samples were collected at similar depths as nutrients towards estimation of total chlorophyll a and phaeopigments. Sample water was filtered through Whatman GF/F filters (nominal pore size 0.7 mm). Filters were stored frozen (-80 C) and shipped back to the lab at PMEL and analyzed with a Turner Designs (Trilogy) benchtop fluorometer using the chlorophyll a acidification module, and following standard methods (acidification technique, Parsons, T.R., Maita, Y., Lalli, C.M., 1984. A Manual of Chemical and Biological Methods for Seawater Analysis. Pergamon Press, Oxford, England p.173.);
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: phosphate concentration (measured);
Units: micromole/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Nutrient water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with Niskin sea water before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al with resultant values for nitrate, nitrite, silicate, phosphate, ammonium and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) concentrations.
Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany.
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.1497&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf;
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Silicate concentration (measured);
Units: micromole/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Nutrient water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with Niskin sea water before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al with resultant values for nitrate, nitrite, silicate, phosphate, ammonium and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) concentrations.
Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany.
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.1497&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf;
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: nitrate concentration (measured);
Units: micromole/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Nutrient water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with Niskin sea water before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al with resultant values for nitrate, nitrite, silicate, phosphate, ammonium and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) concentrations.
Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany.
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.1497&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf;
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Nitrite concentration (measured);
Units: micromole/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Nutrient water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with Niskin sea water before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al with resultant values for nitrate, nitrite, silicate, phosphate, ammonium and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) concentrations.
Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany.
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.1497&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf;
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Ammonium concentration (measured);
Units: micromole/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Nutrient water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with Niskin sea water before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al with resultant values for nitrate, nitrite, silicate, phosphate, ammonium and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) concentrations.
Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany.
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.1497&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf;
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: dissolved inorganic nitrogen (measured);
Units: micromole/liter;
Observation Category: in situ;
Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle;
Sampling and Analyzing Method: Nutrient water samples were collected from Niskin bottles mounted on a CTD rosette.  At each CTD location, Niskin bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast to collect water. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with Niskin sea water before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al with resultant values for nitrate, nitrite, silicate, phosphate, ammonium and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) concentrations.
Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany.
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.1497&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf;
Data Quality Method: Data were visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
          <gmd:organisationName>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:organisationName>
          <gmd:role>
            <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
          </gmd:role>
        </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation id="AMS">
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bee7">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_befe">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>laboratory analysis</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>laboratory analysis</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>use as an observation type</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be3d">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth

Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle?</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_9753">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>USCGC Healy</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>There are two US platforms named HEALY:
- 33HQ is the identifier for the USCGC HEALY (operational 1999 to present)
- 32H1 is the identifier for USS HEALY (operational 1943-1958).

Updated information confirmed in ICES database by NOAA on 21 Jan 2011.

PLEASE NOTE: This platform ID (33HQ) *is* the USCGC HEALY that was launched on November 15, 1997.
Updated information confirmed in ICES database by NOAA on 21 Jan 2011.

Title: USCGC
Pennant: WAGB-20
Flag: United States of America
Vessel Type: Icebreaker
DOB: Nov 1999
IMO: 9083380

The HEALY's home page URL is http://www.uscg.mil/pacarea/healy.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
    </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>