gov.noaa.nodc:0117715 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-28T13:05:12Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from Surface underway observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement and other instruments from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Banda Sea, Celebes Sea and others from 1994-04-16 to 1994-09-25 (NCEI Accession 0117715) 2014-05-16 publication 2014-04-23 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.3334/cdiac/otg.dic94_1994 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0117715 NCEI Archive Management System 0117715 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Alex Kozyr Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov https://cisess.umd.edu/ HTTPS Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) resourceProvider Rik Wanninkhof NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Wanninkhof, Rik NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information author NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset includes Surface underway, biological, chemical, meteorological and physical data collected from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Banda Sea, Celebes Sea, Indian Ocean, Java Sea, Molucca Sea, North Pacific Ocean, South China Sea (Nan Hai) and South Pacific Ocean from 1994-04-16 to 1994-09-25 and retrieved during cruise DIC94, EQPAC_F94 and EQPAC_S94. These data include BAROMETRIC PRESSURE, CHLOROPHYLL, CHLOROPHYLL A, DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC), DISSOLVED OXYGEN, NITRATE + NITRITE CONTENT (CONCENTRATION), NITRITE, OXYGEN - APPARENT UTILIZATION (AOU), PHAEOPHYTIN, PHOSPHATE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, SALINITY, SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE, SILICATE and WATER TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement. These data were collected by Rik Wanninkhof of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) as part of the DIC94, EQPAC_F94 and EQPAC_S94 dataset. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0117715 Preview graphic PNG 0117715 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2014-05-16 publication BAROMETRIC PRESSURE CHLOROPHYLL CHLOROPHYLL A DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) DISSOLVED OXYGEN nitrate + nitrite content (concentration) NITRITE OXYGEN - APPARENT UTILIZATION (AOU) Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water PHAEOPHYTIN phosphate SALINITY SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE silicate WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer showerhead equilibrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Malcolm Baldrige platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS JOINT GLOBAL OCEAN FLUX STUDY/EQUATORIAL PACIFIC BASIN STUDY (JGOFS/EQPAC) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Banda Sea Celebes Sea (Sulawesi Sea and Mindanao Sea) Indian Ocean Jawa (Java) Sea Molucca Sea North Pacific Ocean South China Sea (Nan Hai) South Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/OAR/AOML > Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOE/ORNL/ESD/CDIAC > Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian DIC94 project Cruise ID 317519940416 project EXPOCODE JGOFS > Joint Global Ocean Flux Study, IGBP project Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EQPAC_F94 EQPAC_S94 project Reference Section ID EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type ATM_PRE EQ_TMP FCO2_AIR FCO2_WAT SSS SST XCO2_AIR XCO2_WAT theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Malcolm Baldrige (call sign: WTER, ICES code: 33MW, 1988-1996) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH CHINA AND EASTERN ARCHIPELAGIC SEAS OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH CHINA SEA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Pacific Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Wanninkhof, Rik (2014). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from Surface underway observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Shower head chamber equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement and other instruments from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Banda Sea, Celebes Sea and others from 1994-04-16 to 1994-09-25 (NCEI Accession 0117715). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.dic94_1994. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Weiss, R. F. (1970). The solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water and seawater. Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 17(4), 721–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 1970-08 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 related journal article information Weiss, R.F. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts 17(4) ISSN 0011-7471, pp. 721-735 crossReference project Weiss, R. F. (1974). Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a non-ideal gas. Marine Chemistry, 2(3), 203–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 1974-11 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 related journal article information Weiss, R.F. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Marine Chemistry 2(3) ISSN 0304-4203, pp. 203-215 crossReference project Weiss, R. F., Jahnke, R. A., & Keeling, C. D. (1982). Seasonal effects of temperature and salinity on the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater. Nature, 300(5892), 511–513. https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 1982-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 related journal article information Weiss, R. F. author Jahnke, R. A. author Keeling, C. D. author Springer Science and Business Media LLC publisher documentDigital Nature 300(5892) ISSN 0028-0836, ISSN 1476-4687, pp. 511-513 crossReference project Wanninkhof, R (1994). Underway measurements from DIC94, EQPACF94, and EQPACS94 during the 1994 cruises. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, DIC94, EQPAC_F94, EQPAC_S94. 1994 publication DIC94 EQPAC_F94 EQPAC_S94 Wanninkhof, R author Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) publisher Ocean CO2 [retrieved from http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/eqpac94noaa/] crossReference Dickson, A. G., & Goyet, C. (1994). Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water. Version 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI). https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 1994-09-01 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 related report information Dickson, A.G. author Goyet, C. author Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program Ships Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 94.9 -94 -8 9 1994-04-16 1994-09-25 These data were acquired by NODC from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) in accordance with an archival submission agreement between CDIAC and NODC. NODC cannot verify the accuracy or availability of the data provider's citation information, which is maintained by CDIAC. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 2.544 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0117715.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.dic94_1994 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/117715 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/117715 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0064/0117715/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0117715 v1.1 was published. 2014-05-16T15:03:11Z NCEI Accession 0117715 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0117715/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0117715 v1.1 published 2014-05-16T15:03:11Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: SSS; Abbreviation: SSS; Controlled vocabulary name: SALINITY; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: EQ_TMP; Abbreviation: EQ_TMP; Unit: DEG_C; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: SST; Abbreviation: SST; Unit: DEG_C; Controlled vocabulary name: SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: ATM_PRE; Abbreviation: ATM_PRE; Unit: MBAR; Controlled vocabulary name: BAROMETRIC PRESSURE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: XCO2_AIR; Abbreviation: XCO2_AIR; Unit: PPM; Controlled vocabulary name: Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: XCO2_WAT; Abbreviation: XCO2_WAT; Unit: PPM; Controlled vocabulary name: partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: FCO2_AIR; Abbreviation: FCO2_AIR; Unit: UATM; Controlled vocabulary name: Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: FCO2_WAT; Abbreviation: FCO2_WAT; Unit: UATM; Controlled vocabulary name: partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation repository NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015. 2015-04-22T00:00:00 asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. NOAA Ship Malcolm Baldrige Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Oceanographic) DOB: 1968 IMO: 6901907 Hull Classification: OSS 03 Former Name: NOAA Ship RESEARCHER (1988) Decommissioned by NOAA: 1996