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          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/34f4dd07-ae4a-473e-a332-0cc799c83691" xlink:actuate="onRequest">U-BERGEN/GEOPH &gt; Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataCentre">dataCentre</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
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                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>24</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:address>
                        <gmd:CI_Address>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Greenbelt</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>MD</gco:CharacterString>
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                        </gmd:CI_Address>
                      </gmd:address>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
                          </gmd:linkage>
                          <gmd:protocol>
                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>GCMD Keyword Forum Page</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                      </gmd:onlineResource>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
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                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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            <gco:CharacterString>JH2019205</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="project">project</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Cruise ID</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>58JH20190515</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="project">project</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>EXPOCODE</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
            </gmd:CI_Citation>
          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/324b431c-c46a-4d04-98d3-28a7c9658aed" xlink:actuate="onRequest">GLODAP &gt; Global Ocean Data Analysis Project</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="project">project</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
                  </gmd:date>
                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                </gmd:CI_Date>
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              <gmd:edition>
                <gco:CharacterString>24</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:address>
                        <gmd:CI_Address>
                          <gmd:city>
                            <gco:CharacterString>Greenbelt</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>MD</gco:CharacterString>
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                      </gmd:address>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
                          </gmd:linkage>
                          <gmd:protocol>
                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:protocol>
                          <gmd:name>
                            <gco:CharacterString>GCMD Keyword Forum Page</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:description>
                          <gmd:function>
                            <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                          </gmd:function>
                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                      </gmd:onlineResource>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
                  </gmd:contactInfo>
                  <gmd:role>
                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
                  </gmd:role>
                </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
              </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
            </gmd:CI_Citation>
          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="project">project</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Ocean Acidification Search Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
            </gmd:CI_Citation>
          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Bjørnoya Vest</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Fugloya-Bjoernoya</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Gimsoy</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Svinoy</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="project">project</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Reference Section ID</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
            </gmd:CI_Citation>
          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/6eb3919b-85ce-4988-8b78-9d0018fd8089" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4eab7956-e59e-4615-8d5c-39a16faa1f27" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; ALKALINITY</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/d9b4f30d-bddd-4888-b66b-07d2dc09708b" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; INORGANIC CARBON</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4fde380a-38c5-4d46-bc80-4f2515a43983" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; NITRATE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/941410da-0b7f-4ec6-a718-212194ced13f" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; NITRITE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/90aa8838-79bd-4b28-b518-8217e863c385" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; OXYGEN</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4433600b-f323-458a-b295-352f939aab6b" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; PH</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/0b513d8c-bfd3-44ee-976e-42757b8375a2" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; PHOSPHATE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/c91c8879-1b29-48e3-b4cd-a238af66cdaf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; SILICATE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/46206e8c-8def-406f-9e62-da4e74633a58" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN TEMPERATURE &gt; WATER TEMPERATURE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7e95b5fc-1d58-431a-af36-948b29fa870d" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; SALINITY/DENSITY &gt; SALINITY</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date>
                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
                  </gmd:date>
                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                </gmd:CI_Date>
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              <gmd:edition>
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                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:address>
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                          <gmd:city>
                            <gco:CharacterString>Greenbelt</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:city>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>MD</gco:CharacterString>
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                      </gmd:address>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
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                          <gmd:protocol>
                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
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                          <gmd:function>
                            <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
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                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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                  </gmd:contactInfo>
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                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Discrete measurement</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>OCADS Study Type</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>ALKALI</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>CFC12</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTDOXY</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTDSAL</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NITRAT</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NITRIT</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>OXYGEN</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>PHSPHT</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>PH_TOT</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SALNTY</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SF6</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SILCAT</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>TCARBN</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Provider Variable Abbreviations</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/79f76e22-ae42-450d-8bed-d05a800f6ea0" xlink:actuate="onRequest">AUTOANALYZER &gt; AUTOANALYZER</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7aecabfb-0047-484f-8396-efc0da16bc20" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CO2 ANALYZERS &gt; CO2 ANALYZERS</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/01cc0beb-7c9a-40ed-ad86-0661b41aee53" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CTD &gt; Conductivity, Temperature, Depth</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/b79c7e06-cd07-442f-bf12-2019cd71c201" xlink:actuate="onRequest">NISKIN BOTTLES</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/fdcfecd6-9731-450e-94e8-5bc4c04e22a2" xlink:actuate="onRequest">OXYGEN METERS &gt; OXYGEN METERS</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/5c38595e-5e7d-4513-9f0e-aa9b5f6b139f" xlink:actuate="onRequest">PH METERS &gt; PH METERS</gmx:Anchor>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon;
Abbreviation: TCARBN;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: measured;
Calculation method and parameters: NA;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: VINDTA 3D;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Onboard samples were drawn from niskin bottles following SOP as outlined in Dickson et al (2007) and analyzed immediately (no poisoning). Samples taken for analysis on land were drawn from niskin bottles following SOP as outlined in Dickson et al (2007), poisoned with HgCl2 and stored in a dark cool environment. Samples were analyzed within 6 weeks of end of cruise.;
Replicate information: 1 full test where all niskins were filled at same depth; one sample analyzed twice in a row on 50% of stations;
Standardization description: CRM;
Standardization frequency: CRM analyzed before and after each full profile;
CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson;
Preservation method: HgCl2;
Preservative volume: one drop in 500mL volume;
Preservative correction: none;
Uncertainty: 1.5 micro-mol per kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Dickson 2007;
Researcher name: Siv K. Lauvset;
Researcher institution: NORCE Norwegian Research Centre</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity;
Abbreviation: ALKALI;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: measured;
Calculation method and parameters: NA;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: VINDTA 3S;
Type of titration: double endpoint;
Cell type (open or closed): open;
Curve fitting method: non-linear curve fitting using results from a modified GRAN plot;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Onboard samples were drawn from niskin bottles following SOP as outlined in Dickson et al (2007) and analyzed immediately (no poisoning). Samples taken for analysis on land were drawn from niskin bottles following SOP as outlined in Dickson et al. (2007), poisoned with HgCl2 and stored in a dark cool environment. Samples were analyzed within 6 weeks of end of cruise.;
Replicate information: none;
Standardization description: CRM;
Standardization frequency: CRM analyzed before and after each full profile;
CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson;
Preservation method: HgCl2;
Preservative volume: one drop in 500mL volume;
Preservative correction: none;
TA blank correction: NA;
Uncertainty: 2.5 micro-mol per kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Dickson et al. 2007;
Researcher name: Siv K. Lauvset;
Researcher institution: NORCE Norwegian Research Centre</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pH;
Abbreviation: PH_TOT;
pH scale: total;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: measured;
Calculation method and parameters: NA;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: Jasco spectrophotometer;
Temperature of pH measurement: 25C on stations 488-535 and 575-592, ~20C on stations 536-569. All pH data were recalculated to 25C and are presented at that temperature in the data file;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples drawn from niskins into 250mL glass bottles following Dickson et al (2007). For leg 1 we used a water jacketed 10cm cell for temperature control, and automated pumping. Analysis following Carter et al (2013). For leg 2 we were unable to use the water jacketed cell so instead used a normal 10cm cell. Temperature was measured and recorded before and after analysis. Analysis following Carter et al (2013). Data corrected to 25C after analysis (using the measured AT);
Replicate information: one duplicate run on each profile;
Standardization description: TRIS and CRM;
Standardization frequency: CRM run at least once for each full profile. Each CRM run 2-4 times for replication analysis. We brought 10 bottles of TRIS. These were analyzed at regular intervals throughout the cruise;
pH standard values: TRIS: 8.0932; CRM: 7.883 (calculated from certified DIC and AT values using Merhbach K1/K2 constants refit by Dickson and Millero, Dickson for KSO4 constant, Lee et al for total boron, Dickson and Riley for KF constant);
Temperature of standardization: 25C;
Temperature correction method: CO2SYS with measured AT;
At what temperature was pH reported: 25C;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Carter et al 2013;
Researcher name: Siv K. Lauvset;
Researcher institution: NORCE Norwegian Research Centre</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: dissolved oxygen in seawater;
Abbreviation: OXYGEN;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: winkler;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were drawn from niskin bottles and analyzed immediately following SOP as outlined in Dickson et al (2007);
Replicate information: 1 station where all niskins were closed at the same depth; 2 stations where two niskins were closed at each depth;
Uncertainty: 0.3 micro-mol per kg;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: https://www.go-ship.org/HydroMan.html;
Researcher name: Kristin Jackson-Misje;
Researcher institution: University of Bergen</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:processStep>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: salinity;
Abbreviation: SALNTY;
Unit: NA;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: Guildline Portasal 8410A, serial no 68244;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: sampling and analysis following GO-SHIP protocols;
Replicate information: none;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: https://www.go-ship.org/HydroMan.html;
Researcher name: Kristin Jackson-Misje;
Researcher institution: University of Bergen</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: inorganic nitrate;
Abbreviation: NITRAT;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: Skalar autoanalyser;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were taken in plastic containers, poisoned with chloroform and kept refridgerated until analysis after the cruise. Spectrophotometric analysis of absorption at 540nm after reduction to nitrite using cadmium in the presence of copper-ions. Nitrate is the difference between this nitrite measurement and that without cadmium (see below);
Replicate information: none;
Uncertainty: 0.5 micro-mol per liter;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Bendschneider, K. and Robinson, R.I. (1952) A new Spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrite in Seawater. J. Mar. Res. 2:87-96;
Researcher name: Linda Fonnes Lunde;
Researcher institution: Institute of Marine Research</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: inorganic nitrite;
Abbreviation: NITRIT;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: Skalar autoanalyser;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were taken in plastic containers, poisoned with chloroform and kept refridgerated until analysis after the cruise. Spectrophotometric analysis of absorption at 540nm;
Replicate information: none;
Uncertainty: 0.06 micro-mol per liter;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Bendschneider, K. and Robinson, R.I. (1952) A new Spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrite in Seawater. J. Mar. Res. 2:87-96;
Researcher name: Linda Fonnes Lunde;
Researcher institution: Institute of Marine Research</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: inorganic phosphate;
Abbreviation: PHSPHT;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: Skalar autoanalyser;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were taken in plastic containers, poisoned with chloroform and kept refridgerated until analysis after the cruise. Spectrophotometric analysis of absorption at 880nm;
Replicate information: none;
Uncertainty: 0.06 micro-mol per liter;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Grasshoff, K. (1965) On the Automatic Determination of Phosphate, Silicate and Fluoride in Seawater. ICES Hydrographic Committee Report No. 129;
Researcher name: Linda Fonnes Lunde;
Researcher institution: Institute of Marine Research</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: silicate;
Abbreviation: SILCAT;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: Skalar autoanalyser;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were taken in plastic containers, poisoned with chloroform and kept refridgerated until analysis after the cruise. Spectrophotometric analysis of absorption at 810nm;
Replicate information: none;
Uncertainty: 0.7 micro-mol per liter;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Grasshoff, K. (1965) On the Automatic Determination of Phosphate, Silicate and Fluoride in Seawater. ICES Hydrographic Committee Report No. 129;
Researcher name: Linda Fonnes Lunde;
Researcher institution: Institute of Marine Research</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: CFC-12;
Abbreviation: CFC12;
Unit: pmol/kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: purge and trap with gas chromatograph;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were drawn from niskin bottles and analyzed immediately;
Uncertainty: 2% or 0.004 pmol kg-1;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Bullister and Tanhua;
Researcher name: Meike Becker;
Researcher institution: University of Bergen</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: SF6;
Abbreviation: SF6;
Unit: fmol/kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: niskin;
Analyzing instrument: purge and trap with gas chromatograph;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were drawn from niskin bottles and analyzed immediately;
Uncertainty: 3% or 0.03 fmol kg-1;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: Bullister and Tanhua;
Researcher name: Meike Becker;
Researcher institution: University of Bergen</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: dissolved oxygen in seawater;
Abbreviation: CTDOXY;
Unit: micro-mol per kg;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: SeaBird SBE 43;
Analyzing instrument: NA;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: NA;
Replicate information: NA;
Uncertainty: unknown, data have not been calibrated with bottle data nor quality controlled, however crossovers with GLODAPv2.2019 data indicate these data are biased low by ~6% (below 1900m);
Quality flag convention: NA;
Method reference: NA;
Researcher name: NA;
Researcher institution: NA</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: salinity;
Abbreviation: CTDSAL;
Unit: NA;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: SeaBird CTD;
Analyzing instrument: NA;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: NA;
Replicate information: NA;
Uncertainty: unknown, data have not been calibrated with bottle data;
Quality flag convention: WOCE flags: 2=acceptable; 3=questionable; 4=bad; 6=mean of replicates;9=missing;
Method reference: NA;
Researcher name: NA;
Researcher institution: NA</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
          <gmd:organisationName>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:organisationName>
          <gmd:role>
            <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
          </gmd:role>
        </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation id="AMS">
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be58">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>measures gaseous carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water.

To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bee7">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be3d">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth

Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle?</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be48">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>nutrient autoanalyzer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>nutrient autoanalyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Laboratory Instrument

Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term describing an automated flow-thru system used to conduct analyses of several different nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) simultaneously from a seawater sample.

For example:
SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR Continuous Segmented Flow Analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bef4">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>oxygen sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>oxygen sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Any instrument that measures oxygen content in a compound.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bedd">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>pH sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>pH sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>generic meter used to measure pH

Any of a class of instruments used to quantify pH in a water or other type of sample.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be41">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>A sensor used to measure temperature.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be28">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_aba6">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>JOHAN HJORT</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>1922 - 1931
1932 - 1956 (renamed Oscar Sund)
1958 - 1982
1991 - active</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
    </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>