gov.noaa.nodc:PMEL-TPOS_Saildrone_2018 eng utf8 series NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-04-06T18:03:20Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) 2018 Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) TPOS Saildrone Mission 2025-02-20 publication 2025-02-21 revision 2024-09-25 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:PMEL-TPOS_Saildrone_2018 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Andrew Evans NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) andrew.evans@noaa.gov resourceProvider NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) resourceProvider Meghan Cronin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) meghan.f.cronin@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Dongxiao Zhang University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) dongxiao.zhang@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Adrienne Sutton NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) adrienne.sutton@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Christian Meinig NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) christian.meinig@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Eugene Berger NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) oar.pmel.data@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information pointOfContact Zhang, Dongxiao University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of Atmosphere and Ocean, under grant from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author Cronin, Meghan F. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Meinig, Christian NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Farrar, J. Thomas Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution http://www.whoi.edu HTTP Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website Institution web page information author Jenkins, Richard Saildrone, Inc. author Peacock, David Saildrone, Inc. author Keene, Jennifer University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of Atmosphere and Ocean, under grant from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author Sutton, Adrienne J. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Yang, Qiong University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of Atmosphere and Ocean, under grant from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research https://research.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Research (OAR) website Institution web page information author NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations https://www.omao.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) website Institution web page information author NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains near-real time data from the Saildrone core sensors for the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) TPOS 2018 Mission (Mission 2) to the central equatorial Pacific (0, 140W). PMEL TPOS 2018 Mission (aka Mission 2) had four Saildrones: SD1005 and SD1006 were Gen 4 drones, and SD1029 and SD1030 were Gen 5 drones equipped with a larger wing designed for equatorial work. The drones were each equipped with full atmospheric and ocean core sensor suite, and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). SD1029 and SD1030 also carried shortwave and longwave radiation (included in core set) and an ASVCO2 carbon flux and pH system. SD1029 had 3 strap-on SBE56 temperature sensors (at 0.35m, 1.16m, and 1.72m) to study the near-surface stratification. The vehicles were deployed out of Honolulu, HI on October 3, 2018. After sailing near a PMEL Carbon mooring in Kaneohe Bay, HI, the drones proceeded to the Tropical Atmosphere/Ocean (TAO) mooring at 9N, 140W. Three drones completed a circuit around the mooring, and then began their transit south towards the equator. Two drones made it to the equator and sailed near the TAO moorings at 0, 140W. Three Saildrones were recovered in Honolulu on 01-27-19. SD1030 was recovered in HI later in the spring of 2019. The PMEL TPOS 2018 Mission (aka Mission 2) had four Saildrones: SD1005 and SD1006 were Gen 4 drones, and SD1029 and SD1030 were Gen 5 drones equipped with a larger wing designed for equatorial work. The drones were each equipped with full atmospheric and ocean core sensor suite, and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) (not included in this file). SD1029 & SD1030 also carried shortwave and longwave radiation (included in core set) and an ASVCO2 carbon flux and pH system; these carbon data are served in a separate file. SD1029 had 3 strap-on SBE56 temperature sensors (at 0.35m, 1.16m, and 1.72m) to study the near-surface stratification. The vehicles were deployed out of Honolulu, HI on October 3, 2018. After sailing near a PMEL Carbon mooring in Kaneohe Bay, HI, the drones proceeded to the Tropical Atmosphere/Ocean (TAO) mooring at 9N, 140W. Three drones completed a circuit around the mooring, and then began their transit south towards the equator. Two drones made it to the equator and sailed near the TAO moorings at 0, 140W. Three Saildrones were recovered in Honolulu on 01-27-19. SD1030 was recovered in HI later in the spring of 2019. Funding Agency: NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations Funding Agency: US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:PMEL-TPOS_Saildrone_2018 Preview graphic PNG 0297635 0301266 0301267 0301268 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2025-01-24 publication AIR TEMPERATURE BAROMETRIC PRESSURE CHLOROPHYLL CHLOROPHYLL A CONCENTRATION Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) CONDUCTIVITY course over ground DISSOLVED OXYGEN irradiance LATITUDE LONGITUDE LONGWAVE IRRADIANCE OPTICAL BACKSCATTER OXYGEN - PERCENT SATURATION PERCENT OXYGEN RELATIVE HUMIDITY SALINITY SHORTWAVE IRRADIANCE speed over ground WATER TEMPERATURE WIND DIRECTION WIND GUST WIND SPEED Wind speed - east-west component (U) Wind speed - north-south component (V) theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS anemometer barometer clock CTD fluorometer GPS GPSP humidity sensor oxygen sensor PAR Sensor radiometer temperature sensor thermometer instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS TROPICAL PACIFIC (TROPAC) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Equatorial Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian TPOS-2020 Saildrone Pilot Study project Provider Project Names EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > WATER VAPOR INDICATORS > HUMIDITY > RELATIVE HUMIDITY EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > U/V WIND COMPONENTS EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND DIRECTION EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND SPEED EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ORGANIC MATTER EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > IRRADIANCE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > CONDUCTIVITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian AIR TEMPERATURE - MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE - SD BAROMETRIC PRESSURE - MEAN BAROMETRIC PRESSURE - SD CDOM concentration - MEAN CDOM concentration SD CHLOROPHYLL Concentration - SD CONDUCTIVITY - Mean CONDUCTIVITY -SD Chlorophyll concentration - MEAN Distance 1005_1006 Distance 1005_1029 Distance 1005_1030 Distance 1006_1029 Distance 1006_1030 Distance 1029_1030 Downward Wind Velocity - MEAN Downward Wind Velocity - SD Downward wind speed - MEAN Downward wind speed - SD Heading Heading - Wing Longwave downwelling radation - MEAN Longwave downwelling radiation - SD OPTICAL BACKSCATTER - 650 nm - Mean OPTICAL BACKSCATTER - 650 nm - SD OXYGEN - PERCENT SATURATION - MEAN OXYGEN - PERCENT SATURATION - SD Oxygen Concentration - MEAN Oxygen Concentration - SD PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) - MEAN PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) - SD Pitch RELATIVE HUMIDITY - MEAN RELATIVE HUMIDITY - SD Roll SALINITY - MEAN SALINITY - SD SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE SD Shortwave Difffuse Radiation - SD Shortwave Diffuse Radiation - MEAN Shortwave Total Radiation - MEAN Shortwave Total Radiation - SD Shortwave total radiation measured as unmasked 6 detector - MEAN Shortwave total radiation measured as unmasked 6 detector average - SD Shortwave total radiation measured by unmasked center detector - MEAN Shortwave total radiation measured by unmasked center detector - SD Skin Temperature - MEAN Skin Temperature - SD Time WATER TEMPERATURE - MEAN WATER TEMPERATURE - SD WIND GUST - MEAN WIND GUST - SD Wind speed - east-west component (U) - MEAN Wind speed - east-west component (U) - SD Wind speed - north-south component (V) - MEAN Wind speed - north-south component (V) - SD Wing Angle theme Provider Keywords ANEMOMETERS > ANEMOMETERS BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS CLOCKS CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth FLUOROMETERS > FLUOROMETERS GPS RECEIVERS > GPS RECEIVERS GPSP > Global Positioning System Payload HUMIDITY SENSORS > HUMIDITY SENSORS OXYGEN METERS > OXYGEN METERS PAR SENSORS > Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensors RADIOMETERS TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS THERMOMETERS > THERMOMETERS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian AT/RH CTD/ODO/Chl-A IMU IR Thermometer Inertial Navigation System Longwave radiometer Onboard Computer Oxygen Optode SW Shaded Radiometer SW Unshaded Radiometer Shortwave Shaded Radiometer instrument Provider Instruments Saildrone platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Saildrone drone ID 1005 drone ID 1006 drone ID 1029 drone ID 1030 platform Platform Keywords 5801952 5801953 5801954 5801955 Saildrone 1005 Saildrone 1006 Saildrone 1029 Saildrone 1030 platform Provider Platform Names autonomous surface water vehicle platform SeaVoX Platform Categories 5801952 5801953 5801954 5801955 platform WMO Buoy ID OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EYKNG4 JMHH9R MBJEJR YK6K5R Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Zhang, Dongxiao; Cronin, Meghan F.; Meinig, Christian; Farrar, J. Thomas; Jenkins, Richard; Peacock, David; Keene, Jennifer; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Yang, Qiong; NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (2025). 2018 Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) TPOS Saildrone Mission. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/PMEL-TPOS_Saildrone_2018. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Zhang, D., Cronin, M., Meing, C., Farrar, J. T., Jenkins, R., Peacock, D., Keene, J., Sutton, A., & Yang, Q. (2019). Comparing Air-Sea Flux Measurements from a New Unmanned Surface Vehicle and Proven Platforms During the SPURS-2 Field Campaign. Oceanography, 32(2), 122–133. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.220 2019-06-14 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.220 https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.220 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.220 related journal article information Zhang, Dongxiao author Cronin, Meghan F. author Meinig, Christian author Farrar, J. Thomas author Jenkins, Richard author Peacock, David author Keene, Jennifer author Sutton, Adrienne author Yang, Qiong author The Oceanography Society publisher documentDigital Oceanog 32(2) ISSN 1042-8275, pp. 122-133 crossReference sciencePaper PMEL Ocean Climate Stations: Saildrone Data Access 2017 publication https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ocs/saildrone/data-access HTTPS https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ocs/saildrone/data-access online data access search NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory publisher documentDigital [accessed 2025-01-27] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -163.155686 -139.07031 -1.146804 22.79755 2018-10-03 2019-09-24 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. netCDF netCDF-3 ACDD-1.3, CF-1.6, COARDS 436.104 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/PMEL-TPOS_Saildrone_2018 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/granule/geoportal/?from=0&size=10&esdsl=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22analyze_wildcard%22%3Atrue%2C%22query%22%3A%22fileid%3APMEL-TPOS_Saildrone_2018.*%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%7D#searchPanel HTTPS Web browser Granule Search Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved). search series NCEI Accession 0297635 v1.1 was published. 2025-02-20T21:50:39Z NCEI Accession 0301266 v1.1 was published. 2025-02-20T23:12:36Z NCEI Accession 0301267 v1.1 was published. 2025-02-21T20:42:50Z NCEI Accession 0301268 v1.1 was published. 2025-02-21T20:51:42Z asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian anemometer anemometer measures wind speed An anemometer is an instrument that measures wind speed. Note that an aerovane (insttypes_id 175) is an anemometer which has a tail and a propeller to measure the speed and direction of the wind. barometer barometer Barometers are instruments for measuring atmospheric pressure; two types include mercury barometers and aneroid barometers. clock clock An instrument for measuring time. CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe fluorometer fluorometer fluorometer GPS GPS Global Positioning System receiver satellite-based instrument used for geo-location, positioning and navigation GPSP GPSP Global Positioning System space Payload The GPSP uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine the satellite's position by triangulation, in the same way that GPS fixes are obtained on Earth. At least three GPS satellites determine a mobile object's (in this case the satellite's) exact position at a given instant. Positional data are then integrated into an orbit determination model to track the satellite's trajectory continuously. Jason-2 is a French-U.S. satellite launched in 2008 designed to measure rising sea levels and track the effects of climate change. Jason-2 data are being archived by the NODC as part of the Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System (CLASS). humidity sensor humidity sensor HUMIDITY SENSORS are devices that receive a signal or stimulus (as heat or pressure or light or motion etc.) and responds to it, in this case humidity or some measure of the water vapor content of air. oxygen sensor oxygen sensor Any instrument that measures oxygen content in a compound. PAR Sensor PAR Sensor Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensor The PAR sensor measures global solar radiation from 400 to 700 nm, which approximates the spectral band active in photosynthesis. The response of the instrument falls sharply to zero on either side of this band, and between 400 and 670 nm it increases monotonically from about 50% to 100%. There is no protective glass dome over the receiving surface. Irradiance from the sun passes through a small white visible bandpass filter/diffuser in the shape of a horizontal disk at the top of the instrument. Within the instrument radiation is directed through a series of colored glass filters and onto a silicon photodiode detector. The factory-supplied calibration converts the signal from the detector to a flux of photons in micro-mole (of photons) s-1 m-2. (One micro-mole equals 6.022 E17 photons.) For the solar spectrum, these units may be converted to watts per square meter by dividing by 4.6. (http://www.srrb.noaa.gov/instrument/par.htm) radiometer radiometer radiometer temperature sensor temperature sensor A sensor used to measure temperature. thermometer thermometer generic thermometer or reversing thermometer use thermometer when temperature is a data type, but the exact instrument used to measure temperature is unknown