{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Melanie Vanderhoof", "hasEmail": "mailto:mvanderhoof@usgs.gov"}, "description": "Global trends in wetland degradation and loss have created an\nurgency to monitor wetland extent, as well as track the distribution\nand causes of wetland loss. Satellite imagery can be used to monitor\nwetlands over time, but few efforts have attempted to distinguish\nanthropogenic wetland loss from climate-driven variability in\nwetland extent. We present an approach to concurrently track land\ncover disturbance and inundation extent across the Mid-Atlantic\nregion, United States, using the Landsat archive in Google Earth\nEngine. Disturbance was identified as a change in greenness, using a\nharmonic linear regression approach, or as a change in growing\nseason brightness. Inundation extent was mapped using a modified\nversion of the U.S. Geological Survey\u2019s Dynamic Surface Water\nExtent (DSWE) algorithm. Annual (2015 to 2018) disturbance averaged\n0.32 percent (1095 km2 per year) of the study area per year and was most\ncommon in forested areas. While inundation extent showed substantial\ninterannual variability, the co-occurrence of disturbance and\ndeclines in inundation extent represented a minority of both change\ntypes, totaling 109 km2 over the four-year period, and 186 km2,\nusing the National Wetland Inventory dataset in place of the\nLandsat-derived inundation extent. When the annual products were\nevaluated with permitted wetland and stream fill points, 95 percent of the\nfill points were detected, with most found by the disturbance\nproduct (89 percent) and fewer found by the inundation decline product\n(25 percent). The results suggest that mapping inundation alone is unlikely\nto be adequate to find and track anthropogenic wetland loss.\nAlternatively, remotely tracking both disturbance and inundation can\npotentially focus efforts to protect, manage, and restore wetlands.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ODILGN", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.5e430b15e4b0edb47be845ce.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_5e430b15e4b0edb47be845ce", "keyword": ["Chesapeake Bay", "Delaware", "Delmarva Peninsula", "Landsat", "Maryland", "Pennsylvania", "USGS:5e430b15e4b0edb47be845ce", "Virginia", "Washington, D.C.", "West Virginia", "harmonic regression", "permit", "surface water", "wetland fill"], "modified": "2020-08-20T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-84.618210, 35.273855, -72.917678, 43.479150", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "Tracking disturbance and inundation to identify wetland loss"}