noaa-recon-6341 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2025-07-10 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Osborn and Briffa 2006 Reconstruction of Spatial Extent of N. Hemisphere Warm and Cold Conditions 2006-07-01 publication doi:10.25921/ce8a-zs44 noaa-recon-6341 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Osborn, T.J. originator Osborn, T.J. author Briffa, K.R. originator Briffa, K.R. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Climate Reconstruction. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions with a geographic location of Northern Hemisphere. The time period coverage is from 1150 to -54 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables derived from paleoclimate proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-recon.png Paleoclimatology - Climate Reconstruction PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|instrumental earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions earth science > paleoclimate > reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Air Temperature Reconstruction theme What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: multiple proxies What: temperature index; Material: multiple proxies What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: multiple proxies What: temperature index; Material: multiple proxies What: age; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: multiple proxies What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: multiple proxies What: age; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null What: temperature index; Material: null theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Geographic Region > Northern Hemisphere > Northern Hemisphere > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Osborn, T.J.; Briffa, K.R. (2006-07-01): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Osborn and Briffa 2006 Reconstruction of Spatial Extent of N. Hemisphere Warm and Cold Conditions. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/ce8a-zs44. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. The spatial extent of 20th century warmth in the context of the past 1200 years 2006 publication Osborn, T.J. and K.R. Briffa author Science publisher https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120514 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2006 Osborn, T.J. and K.R. Briffa, 2006: The spatial extent of 20th century warmth in the context of the past 1200 years. Science, 311, 841-844, 10.1126/science.1120514 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 800 CE to 2004 CE; Date Range: 1150 cal yr BP to -54 cal yr BP; -180 180 0 90 800 2004 STUDY NOTES: Data tables are provided, linked directly to the three figures shown in the publication. The figure captions provide the necessary description of the data. Fig. 1: The 14 temperature-related proxy records used in this study, filtered to remove variations on time scales less than 20 years and then normalised to have zero mean and unit standard deviation during the period from 800 to 1995 [with adjustments made to the shorter records]. Fig. 2. Fraction of the records available in each year that have normalized values > 0, > 1, > 2, < 0, < -1, and < -2, with the latter three series multiplied by –1. The series are shown from 800 to 1995 and have been filtered to remove variations on time scales less than 20 years. Fig. 3. Difference between the fraction of the records available in each year that have normalized values (A) > 0 and < 0, (B) > 1 and < -1, (C) > 2 and < -2, and (D) as (A) but using a shorter (1865 to 1995) reference period for normalization. The difference series are shown for 800 to 1995 and have been filtered to remove variations on time scales less than 20 years. Zero indicates that the number of series exceeding the upper threshold equals those with values below the lower threshold. In (D), results based on annual-mean instrumental temperatures from grid boxes throughout the NH (red curve) or only in regions close to the proxy records (green curve) are shown for 1856 to 2004 (also normalized over the period from 1856 to 1995). LAST UPDATE: 2/2006 (Addition of Fig. 1 raw series) ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Periods of widespread warmth or cold are identified by positive or negative deviations that are synchronous across a number of temperature-sensitive proxy records drawn from the Northern Hemisphere. The most significant and longest duration feature during the last 1200 years is the geographical extent of warmth in the middle to late 20th century. Positive anomalies during 890 to 1170 and negative anomalies during 1580 to 1850 are consistent with the concepts of a Medieval Warm Period and a Little Ice Age, but comparison with instrumental temperatures shows the spatial extent of recent warmth to be of greater significance than that during the medieval period. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/ce8a-zs44 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/6341 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/climate-reconstruction HTTPS Information NCEI Climate Reconstruction Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/osborn2006/osborn2006-tindex-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/osborn2006/osborn2006-tindex-noaa.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/osborn2006/osborn2006-raw-supp.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/osborn2006/osborn2006-raw-supp.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/osborn2006/osborn2006-proxy-noaa.txt HTTPS Download /contributions_by_author/osborn2006/osborn2006-proxy-noaa.txt Original Data and Full Metadata download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21