noaa-icecore-9904 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-11-01 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pakitsoq Greenland Ice Outcrop Gas Stratigraphy Data 2004-2005 2010-09-10 publication doi:10.25921/8dvz-qw70 noaa-icecore-9904 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Schaefer, H. originator Schaefer, H. author Petrenko, V.V. originator Petrenko, V.V. author Brook, E.J. originator Brook, E.J. author Severinghaus, J. originator Severinghaus, J. author Reeh, N. originator Reeh, N. author Melton, J.R. originator Melton, J.R. author Mitchell, L.E. originator Mitchell, L.E. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Ice Core. The data include parameters of ice cores with a geographic location of Greenland. The time period coverage is from 24000 to 11000 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, atmospheric trace gases, and other aspects of climate and environment derived from ice cores drilled on glaciers and ice caps around the world. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-icecore.png Paleoclimatology - Ice Core PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ice Core Records Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ice Core Records theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > atmospheric gas earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > nitrogen isotopes earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > oxygen isotopes theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian What: air content; Material: bulk ice What: methane; Material: bulk atmosphere What: gas age; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: bulk ice What: delta 15N; Material: nitrogen gas What: methane; Material: bulk atmosphere What: depth; Material: null What: delta 18O; Material: oxygen gas theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > North America > Greenland > Pakitsoq outcrop > LATITUDE 69.48 > LONGITUDE -50.8 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Schaefer, H.; Petrenko, V.V.; Brook, E.J.; Severinghaus, J.; Reeh, N.; Melton, J.R.; Mitchell, L.E. (2010-09-10): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pakitsoq Greenland Ice Outcrop Gas Stratigraphy Data 2004-2005. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/8dvz-qw70. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Ice stratigraphy at the Pâkitsoq ice margin, West Greenland, derived from gas records 2009 publication Schaefer, H., V.V. Petrenko, E.J. Brook, J.P. Severinghaus, N. Reeh, J.R. Melton, and L. Mitchell author Journal of Glaciology publisher https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788816704 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2009 Schaefer, H., V.V. Petrenko, E.J. Brook, J.P. Severinghaus, N. Reeh, J.R. Melton, and L. Mitchell, 2009: Ice stratigraphy at the Pâkitsoq ice margin, West Greenland, derived from gas records. Journal of Glaciology, 55, 411-421, 10.3189/002214309788816704 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 24000 cal yr BP to 11000 cal yr BP; -50.8 -50.8 69.48 69.48 Study Coordinates 69.48 -50.8 -22050 -9050 STUDY NOTES: All data are from ice samples collected in the 2004 and 2005 field seasons at the ancient ice outcrop of Pakitsoq (West Greenland) and supplement earlier work on this site (2001-2003; Petrenko et al., 2006). Data are from a network of sampling profiles whose details and exact positions are provided in Table 2 and Figure 3 of Schaefer et al. (2009). Measured data include air content, CH4 concentration [CH4], the 15N/14N ratio of N2 (d15N), the 18O/16O ratio of atmospheric O2 (d18Oatm) and of the ice matrix (d18Oice). Sample age is a function of distance along the sampling profile and may be reversed as a consequence of folding. Ages are reported only for shorter profiles where the parameters provided sufficient age control. Gas ages are derived by comparison with equivalent records from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 core and placed on the gas age scale of Schaefer et al. (2006). Precision is given as pooled standard deviations derived from triplicate measurements on each of 1-3 replicate samples per depth for [CH4] and as pooled standard deviations derived from duplicate analyses for d15N and d18O. Pooled standard deviations for 2004 are: [CH4]: 32 ppb (n=74). d15N: 0.009 ‰ (n= 51) d18O: 0.024 ‰ (n= 51) Pooled standard deviations for 2005 are: [CH4]: 22 ppb (n=174). d15N: 0.009 ‰ (n= 76) (all short profiles); 0.006 ‰ (n= 50) (PK05 EH). d18O: 0.024 ‰ (n= 76) (all short profiles); 0.027‰ (n= 50) (PK05 EH). No d15N and d18O duplicates were measured for the following profiles: PK04 BAS, PK04 BAN, PK05 MA. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Horizontal ice-core sites, where ancient ice is exposed at the glacier surface, offer unique opportunities for paleo-studies of trace components requiring large sample volumes. Following previous work at the Pâkitsoq ice margin in West Greenland, we use a combination of geochemical parameters measured in the ice matrix (d18Oice) and air occlusions (d18Oatm, d15N of N2 and methane concentration) to date ice layers from specific climatic intervals. The data presented here expand our understanding of the stratigraphy and three-dimensional structure of ice layers outcropping at Pâkitsoq. Sections containing ice from every distinct climatic interval during Termination I, including Last Glacial Maximum, Bølling/Allerød, Younger Dryas and the early Holocene, are identified. In the early Holocene, we find evidence for climatic fluctuations similar to signals found in deep ice cores from Greenland. A second glacial-interglacial transition exposed at the extreme margin of the ice is identified as another outcrop of Termination I (rather than the onset of the Eemian interglacial as postulated in earlier work). Consequently, the main structural feature at Pâkitsoq is a large-scale anticline with accordion-type folding in both exposed sequences of the glacial-Holocene transition, leading to multiple layer duplications and age reversals. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/8dvz-qw70 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/9904 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/ice-core HTTPS Information NCEI Ice Core Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/pakitsoq2009.xls HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/pakitsoq2009.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21