noaa-model-38239 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-10-30 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - ModE-RA Global Climate Reanalysis from 1421-2008 CE 2023-06-14 publication doi:10.25921/e9ww-z810 noaa-model-38239 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Valler, V. originator Valler, V. author Franke, J. originator Franke, J. author Hand, R. originator Hand, R. author Brugnara, Y. originator Brugnara, Y. author Burgdorf, A.-M. originator Burgdorf, A.-M. author Lundstad, E. originator Lundstad, E. author Samakinwa, E. originator Samakinwa, E. author Brönnimann, S. originator Brönnimann, S. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Paleoclimatology Modeling. The data include parameters of instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling with a geographic location of Global. The time period coverage is from 529 to -58 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Computer simulations of past climate. Variables provided as model output are described by parameter keyword. In some cases the parameter keywords are a subset of all archived model output, and additional output is available upon request. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-model.png Paleoclimatology - Modeling PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > instrumental|paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > model > atmosphere model theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Air Temperature Reconstruction Precipitation Reconstruction theme What: eastward wind speed; Material: multiple proxies What: northward wind speed; Material: multiple proxies What: geopotential height; Material: multiple proxies What: sea level pressure; Material: multiple proxies What: geopotential height; Material: multiple proxies What: northward wind speed; Material: multiple proxies What: precipitation; Material: multiple proxies What: air temperature; Material: multiple proxies What: eastward wind speed; Material: multiple proxies What: northward wind speed; Material: multiple proxies What: geopotential height; Material: multiple proxies What: eastward wind speed; Material: multiple proxies What: vertical pressure velocity; Material: multiple proxies theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Geographic Region > Global > Global > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Valler, V.; Franke, J.; Hand, R.; Brugnara, Y.; Burgdorf, A.-M.; Lundstad, E.; Samakinwa, E.; Brönnimann, S. (2023-06-14): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - ModE-RA Global Climate Reanalysis from 1421-2008 CE. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/e9ww-z810. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. 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A 600-year long global monthly paleo-reanalysis of the Modern Era 2024 publication Valler, Veronika; Franke, Jörg; Hand, Ralf; Brugnara, Yuri; Burgdorf, Angela-Maria; Lundstad, Elin; Samakinwa, Eric; Brönnimann, Stefan author Scientific Data publisher https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02733-8 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2024 Valler, Veronika; Franke, Jörg; Hand, Ralf; Brugnara, Yuri; Burgdorf, Angela-Maria; Lundstad, Elin; Samakinwa, Eric; Brönnimann, Stefan, 2024: A 600-year long global monthly paleo-reanalysis of the Modern Era. Scientific Data, 11, 4853–4866, 10.1038/s41597-023-02733-8 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1421 CE to 2008 CE; Date Range: 529 cal yr BP to -58 cal yr BP; -180 180 -90 90 1421 2008 STUDY NOTES: Project description ModE is the output of the PALAEO-RA project hosted at the Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research between 2019 to 2023, funded by the European Research Council through the H2020 program (ERC Grant PALAEO-RA 787574). The aim of PALAEO-RA was to create a monthly, 3-dimensional climate reconstruction of the past 600 years. The basis is a 20-member ensemble with a state-of-the-art atmospheric general circulation model. We assimilate all available historical climate information, including early instrumental data, documentary data, and proxy data with an offline data assimilation technique. For more information on the project, visit https://www.palaeo-ra.unibe.ch/. The project output provided here consists of three parts: ModE-RA (main product), and ModE- RAclim (sensitivity experiment), and ModE-Sim, the original AGCM ensemble prior to data assimilation. ModE-RA ModE-RAclim ModE-Sim Members 20 100 20* Time dependent forcings yes no yes Assimilation yes yes no Variability >71-year: >71-year: model response model response NO variability to forcing to forcing <71 year: <71 year: assimilated assimilated observations observations * ModE-Sim has additional members. Here we refer to the 20 members used to generate ModE-RA ModE-RA is a monthly 3-dimensional reanalysis product covering the period from 1420 to 2009. Observed anomalies were assimilated with an offline Ensemble Kalman filtering technique. The assimilation was done twice per year reflecting the resolution of the available proxy data. This dataset provides the 20 individual ensemble members of ModE-RA, called members 041 to 060 ensemble and well as ensemble means, ensemble standard deviations and ensemble minima/maxima of the ModE-RA reanalysis product. The data are provided as monthly anomalies w.r.t. 1901-2000 climatologies computed for each member separately. For a detailed description of ModE-RA please refer to the documentation paper (reference provided in the summary at the experiment level). ModE-RAclim ModE-RAclim, is an alternative version of ModE-RA, the main reanalysis product of this project. ModE-RAclim uses 100 randomly picked years from ModE-Sim as a priori state thereby assuming stationarity in the covariance structure and eliminating the externally forced signal in the model simulations. In contrast, ModE-RA uses 20 distinct transient members of ModE-Sim, retaining the externally forced signal. Please note: ModE-RAclim does not contain centennial scale climate variability. For most users the main product ModE-RA therefore should be used for regular studies on past climate. ModE-Sim ModE-Sim (short for Modern Era Simulations) is a medium-size ensemble of model simulations using the ECHAM6 atmosphere general circulation model (model version 6.3.5p2). Its setup is based on the PMIP4 experiments, but uses a forced AGCM rather than a fully coupled model. The ensemble uses observed/reconstructed forcings and boundary conditions, while accounting in uncertainties in these. Here we provide the 20 members of the larger ModE-Sim ensemble that serve as a basis for ModE-RA and ModE-RAclim. From 1420 to 1850 CE uses SST and sea ice reconstructions as boundary conditions and perturbed volcanic forcings from the easy volcanic aerosol (EVA) model to account for uncertainties in the strength and the timing of volcanic eruptions. For 1850 to 2009 ModE-Sim uses PMIP4 radiative forcings. As ocean boundary conditions the simulations use different realizations of HadISST2. File names of ModE-RA, ModE-RAclim and ModE-Sim Files are provided as NetCDF files, with one variable from one ensemble member per file for the whole period. Filenames are structured as in the following example: ModE-RA_m041_geopoth_50000_anom_wrt_1901-2000_1421-2008_mon.nc, where - ModE-RA is the experiment name. - m041 is the member number or statistical property (e.g. «std» for standard deviation). - geopoth_50000 is the variable name (geopoth) including, for 3D variables, the level (here: 500 hPa). A list of the variables can be found below. - anom stands for anomalies. - wrt_1901-2000 is the reference period for the anomalies. - 1421-2008 is the period covered. - mon means monthly time resolution. List of variables The following variables are included in the ensemble statistics, whereas the ensemble members are only provided for the first four variables: - slp mean sea level pressure [Pa] temp2 2m air temperature [K] - totprec total precipitation [kg m-2 s-1] - geopoth_50000 500 hPa geopotential height [m] - geopoth_30000 300 hPa geopotential height [m] - geopoth_20000 200 hPa geopotential height [m] - u_50000 500 hPa u-wind [m s-1] - u_85000 850 hPa u-wind [m s-1] - u10 10 m u-wind [m s-1] - v_50000 500 hPa v-wind [m s-1] - v_85000 850 hPa v-wind [m s-1] - v10 10 m v-wind [m s-1] - omega_50000 500 hPa vertical velocity [Pa s-1] Provided Keywords: Data assimilation, Paleo-reanalysis ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The Modern Era Reanalysis (ModE-RA) is a global monthly paleo-reanalysis covering the period between 1421 and 2008. To reconstruct past climate fields an offline data assimilation approach is used, blending together information from an ensemble of transient atmospheric model simulations and observations. In the early period, ModE-RA utilizes natural proxies and documentary data, while from the 17th century onward instrumental measurements are also assimilated. The impact of each observation on the reconstruction is stored in the observation feedback archive, which provides additional information on the input data such as preprocessing steps and the regression-based forward models. The monthly resolved reconstructions include estimates of the most important climate fields. Furthermore, we provide a reconstruction, ModE-RAclim, which together with ModE-RA and the model simulations allows to disentangle the role of observations and model forcings. ModE-RA is best suited to study intra-annual to multi-decadal climate variability and to analyze the causes and mechanisms of past extreme climate events. 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Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/e9ww-z810 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38239 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoclimatology-modeling HTTPS Information NCEI Paleoclimatology Modeling Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/ModE/ModE_description_NOAA.pdf HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/ModE/ModE-readme.txt HTTPS Download /gcmoutput/ModE/ModE-readme.txt Readme download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/ModE/ HTTPS Download /gcmoutput/ModE/ Data Folder download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21