cred_rea_corals_wake_island_2009 eng; USA utf8 dataset Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred pointOfContact 2019-06-05 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) World Geodetic System 1984 WGS 84 2007-08-27 revision https://epsg.org/crs_4326/WGS-84.html WGS 84 GML of World Geodetic System 1984 coordinate reference system. information resourceProvider European Petroleum Survey Group https://epsg.org/home.html European Petroleum Survey Group Geodetic Parameter Registry Registry that accesses the EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset, which is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations. search publisher urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 CRED REA Belt Surveys of Coral Population and Disease Assessments at Wake Island, Pacific Remote Island Areas in 2009 2009-04-02 publication Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) originator tableDigital To support a long-term NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems, from 12 March - 1 April 2009, belt transect surveys of coral population and diseases quantitative assessments were conducted, as a part of Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA), during the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) Cruise HI0901 in the Pacific Remote Island Areas at biennial intervals by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). During the cruise, there were 25 surveys in total conducted at REA sites around Wake Island in the Pacific Remote Island Areas. At the specific REA sites, coral biologists along with fish biologists, algal biologists and marine invertebrate zoologist entered the water and conducted a fine-scale (~300 m2) and high degree of taxonomic resolution REA survey to assess and monitor species composition, abundance, percent cover, size distribution, diversity, and general health of fish, corals, macro-invertebrates, and algae in shallow-water (< 35 m) habitats. As a part of REA surveys, the coral belt surveys were focused on quantifying the diversity, abundance, density, and size-class distribution of the anthozoan and hydrozoan corals as well as the condition and health state of the coral reef populations. The surveys were conducted along two consecutively-placed, 25m transect lines. The belt width was dictated at the beginning of each dive by subjective perceived colony density: 1-m width was used in high density areas, while 2-m width was used in low density areas. Within each 25m transect, five 2.5-meter segments were surveyed (beginning at points: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 meters), whereby in each segment, all coral colonies whose center fell within 0.5m of either side of the transect line were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (genus or species) and two planar size metrics were collected: maximum diameter and diameter perpendicular to the maximum diameter. In addition, the extent of mortality, both recent and old, was estimated for each colony. Observers paid special attention to identifying as best as possible the extent of the former live colony. When a coral colony exhibited signs of disease or compromised health, additional information was recorded including type of affliction (bleaching, skeletal growth anomaly, white syndrome, tissue loss other than white syndrome, trematodiasis, necrosis, other, pigmentation responses, algal overgrowth, and predation), severity of the affliction (mild, moderate, marked, severe, acute), as well as photographic documentation and sometimes tissue samples. Tissue samples were catalogued and fixed in buffered zinc-formalin solution for further histopathological analyses. Raw survey data included species presence and relative abundance, colony counts per taxon, size (width and length), mortality, predation, and health status. A surveyed area was ranging from 10m2 to 25m2 per site. Part of a long-term monitoring program at biennial intervals which documents the state of the reefs. "Kerry Grimshaw, Stephanie Schopmeyer", Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Sciences Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA underDevelopment Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred pointOfContact ASNEEDED CoRIS_Metadata theme NCEI Geoportal Filter Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP): Biennial monitoring for the U.S. Pacific Islands and Atolls 1221 Incidence and characterization of coral diseases in the U.S. Pacific Islands 1841 project CRCP Project Marine Ecosystem Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA) Coral Reef Coral Pacific Remote Island Areas Wake Island HI0901 theme None EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology > Coral cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > BioDiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Rapid assessment studies theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Pacific Remote Island Areas Wake Island place None OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus PRIA place CoRIS Region While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite CRED when using the data. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration otherRestrictions Access Constraints: Data are available two years following data collection date. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable eng; USA biota Native Dataset Environment: Oracle Technical Prerequisites: Contact CRED data management team for information 166.600357 166.658737 19.26869 19.318853 2009-03-22 2009-03-26 Maximum depth was 25 meters. Coral genera observed: Acanthastrea Acropora Astreopora Cyphastrea Echinopora Favia Favites Fungia Goniastrea Leptastrea Lobophyllia Lobophytum Montastrea Montipora Palythoa Pavona Platygyra Pocillopora Porites Psammocora Sarcophyton Scapophyllia Sinularia Symphyllia Coral disease observed: Algal infection Bleaching Discolorations other than bleaching Hyperpigmented responses Other Predation Skeletal growth anomalies Tube worm infestation XLS (Microsoft Excel worksheet) CRED Data Management Team Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred distributor None if receiving the data online CDROM, OR EMAIL iso9660 dataset Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report GPS unit Horizontal Positional Accuracy Instrument parameters meters 1 Vertical Positional Accuracy Report Dive computer and SCUBA depth gauge Vertical Positional Accuracy Instrument parameters meters 0.3 The survey sites were selected to be representative of the dominant habitats at this reef system. Efforts were made to include broad spatial coverage of the reef area, but weather conditions or other environmental constraints may have precluded the team from surveying windward or exposed sites. With the exception of the non-quantitative survey along the backreef, the same methods of data collection were used at each of the sites surveyed at this location, and were conducted by the same scientists. REA surveys are investigations that provide a high degree of taxonomic resolution for coral, algae, other macroinvertebrate, and reef fish communities. The surveys were conducted using a combination of dive teams which generally included a two to three person fish team, a two person coral/coral disease team, and a combined team of two algae biologists and one macroinvertebrate biologist. The majority of REA surveys were conducted along the forereef slopes of individual islands at depths between 10 and 20 m. However, additional surveyed habitats included a lagoonal-type patch reef and offshore oceanic banks. During REA surveys, biological assessment teams follow highly structured protocols that are repeated at each REA site. Upon arrival at an REA site, three teams of divers enter the water over spaced time intervals. The fish team firstly enters the water and deploys a 25-m transect line. Two of the fish divers begin to survey along that transect while the remaining fish diver begins stationary point count assessments in the general vicinity. After approximately 20 min, the coral team enters the water and begins to work along the first transect line. By this time the fish team has deployed and begun surveys along a second 25-m transect. About 10 min later, the algal/invertebrate team enters the water and begins surveying the first transect. In total, the fish team surveys three transects at each site (transects 1, 2, and 3), and the coral and algal/invertebrate teams survey transects 1 and 2. The sampling effort takes between 60 and 80 min to complete. The selection of REA sites was made in close consultation with Coral Reef Advisory Group (CRAG) and local agencies. Factors considered during REA site selection included: (1) ensuring a range of sample sites representative of the benthic and reef fish habitats around each island; (2) selecting a mixture of sites within and outside of marine protected areas; (3) selecting a mixture of both 'impacted' and 'least impacted' sites; (4) selecting some sites adjacent to local villages, and (5) selecting a number of sites that could be compared to and complement previous assessment and monitoring work as well as future coral reef monitoring proposed by CRAG and local agencies. It is important to note that access to REA sites can be limited by wave exposure, weather conditions, and other environmental factors such as currents, which can affect the ability to resurvey sites between years. Transect placement was guided by: (1) a focus on hard-bottom communities; (2) deploying lines along an isobath to the extent possible at each site, and (3) laying the transect lines into the prevailing current. annually This metadata was automatically generated from the the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata standard (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using the 2016-01-11 version of the FGDC RSE to ISO 19115-2 transform. Translated from FGDC 2025-03-24T14:51:41.372Z Last Metadata Review Date: 2009-08-31 Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 808 725-5360 808 725-5429 NOAA IRC NMFS/PIFSC/CRED 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov e-mail preferred pointOfContact