gov.noaa.nodc:0176626 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-28T13:20:24Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) A comprehensive global oceanic dataset of discrete measurements of helium isotope and tritium during the hydrographic cruises on various ships from 1952-10-21 to 2016-01-22 (NCEI Accession 0176626) 2018-10-10 publication 2019-03-14 revision 2018-10-05 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/c1sn-9631 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0176626 NCEI Archive Management System 0176626 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher William J. Jenkins Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) http://www.whoi.edu HTTP Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) http://www.whoi.edu HTTP Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider William J Jenkins Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) wjenkins@whoi.edu http://www.whoi.edu HTTP Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Scott C. Doney University of Virginia (UVA) sdoney@virginia.edu http://www.virginia.edu HTTP University of Virginia (UVA) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Michaela A. Fendrock MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Geology and Geophysics mfendrock@mit.edu principalInvestigator Rana Fine University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) rfine@rsmas.miami.edu http://www.rsmas.miami.edu HTTP University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Robert M. Key Princeton University key@princeton.edu http://www.princeton.edu HTTP Princeton University website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Yuji Sano Kochi University https://www.kochi-u.ac.jp/ HTTPS Kochi University website Institution web page information collaborator Wolfgang Roether University of Bremen wroether@physic.uni-bremen.de https://www.uni-bremen.de/ HTTPS University of Bremen website Institution web page information collaborator Toshitaka Gamo collaborator Reiner Schlitzer Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research collaborator Philippe Jean-Baptiste collaborator Peter Schlosser Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information collaborator Monika Rhein University of Bremen https://www.uni-bremen.de/ HTTPS University of Bremen website Institution web page information collaborator John E. Lupton collaborator James H. Swift Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) scrippsnews@ucsd.edu https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ HTTPS Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website Institution web page information collaborator Birgit Klein Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) birgit.klein@bsh.de http://www.bsh.de HTTP Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) website Institution web page information collaborator Jenkins, William J. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution http://www.whoi.edu HTTP Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website Institution web page information author Doney, Scott C. University of Virginia http://www.virginia.edu HTTP University of Virginia (UVA) website Institution web page information author Fendrock, Michaela A. MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Geology and Geophysics author Fine, Rana A. University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science http://www.rsmas.miami.edu HTTP University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) website Institution web page information author Gamo, Toshitaka author Jean-Baptiste, Philippe author Key, Robert M. Princeton University key@princeton.edu http://www.princeton.edu HTTP Princeton University website Institution web page information author Klein, Birgit Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency http://www.bsh.de HTTP Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) website Institution web page information author Lupton, John E. author Rhein, Monika University of Bremen https://www.uni-bremen.de/ HTTPS University of Bremen website Institution web page information author Roether, Wolfgang University of Bremen https://www.uni-bremen.de/ HTTPS University of Bremen website Institution web page information author Sano, Yuji Kochi University https://www.kochi-u.ac.jp/ HTTPS Kochi University website Institution web page information author Schlitzer, Reiner Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research author Schlosser, Peter Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author Swift, James H. Scripps Institution of Oceanography https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ HTTPS Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website Institution web page information author University of Bremen https://www.uni-bremen.de/ HTTPS University of Bremen website Institution web page information contributor Princeton University http://www.princeton.edu HTTP Princeton University website Institution web page information contributor University of Tokyo http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/index.html HTTP University of Tokyo website Institution web page information contributor University of Virginia (UVA) http://www.virginia.edu HTTP University of Virginia (UVA) website Institution web page information contributor University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) http://www.rsmas.miami.edu HTTP University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) website Institution web page information contributor Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) http://www.whoi.edu HTTP Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website Institution web page information contributor Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) https://www.awi.de/ HTTPS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website Institution web page information contributor NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ HTTPS Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website Institution web page information contributor Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset consists of global oceanic database of tritium and helium isotope measurements made by numerous researchers and laboratories over a period exceeding 60 years: from 1952-10-21 to 2016-01-22 in the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Baltic Sea, Black Sea. Tritium and helium isotope data provide key information on ocean circulation, ventilation, and mixing, as well as the rates of biogeochemical processes, and deep-ocean hydrothermal processes. The dataset includes approximately 60,000 valid tritium measurements, 63,000 valid helium isotope determinations, 57,000 dissolved helium concentrations, and 34,000 dissolved neon concentrations. Some quality control has been applied in that questionable data have been flagged and clearly compromised data excluded entirely. Appropriate metadata has been included: geographic location, date, and sample depth. When available, water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen were included. Data quality flags and data originator information (including methodology) are also included. To provide access to ocean tracer data. Funding Information: U.S. National Science Foundation (Using Ocean Tritium/Helium-3 Observations to Quantify Thermocline Circulation and Biogeochemistry, 1434000) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0176626 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0176626 Preview graphic PNG 0176626 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2018-10-05 publication DISSOLVED OXYGEN HELIUM NEON SALINITY Tritium (Hydrogen isotope) WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CTD Niskin bottle titrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical discrete sample physical profile theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Princeton University Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of Bremen University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Tokyo University of Virginia Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Arctic Ocean Indian Ocean North Atlantic Ocean North Pacific Ocean South Atlantic Ocean South Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication AWI > Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research COLUMBIA/LDEO > Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce U-MIAMI/RSMAS > Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami WHOI > WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Various project Cruise ID CLIVAR > Climate Variability WOCE > World Ocean Circulation Experiment project Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > DISSOLVED GASES EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Data synthesis product Discrete measurement Profile theme OCADS Study Type DelHe3 DelHe3_Error Helium Helium_Error Neon Neon_Error Oxygen Salinity Temperature Tritium Tritium_Error theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth NISKIN BOTTLES instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Baltic Sea Black Sea Indian Ocean Mediterranean Sea Pacific Ocean Southern Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Jenkins, William J.; Doney, Scott C.; Fendrock, Michaela A.; Fine, Rana A.; Gamo, Toshitaka; Jean-Baptiste, Philippe; Key, Robert M.; Klein, Birgit; Lupton, John E.; Rhein, Monika; Roether, Wolfgang; Sano, Yuji; Schlitzer, Reiner; Schlosser, Peter; Swift, James H. (2018). A comprehensive global oceanic dataset of discrete measurements of helium isotope and tritium during the hydrographic cruises on various ships from 1952-10-21 to 2016-01-22 (NCEI Accession 0176626). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/c1sn-9631. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Jenkins, W. J., Doney, S. C., Fendrock, M., Fine, R., Gamo, T., Jean-Baptiste, P., Key, R., Klein, B., Lupton, J. E., Newton, R., Rhein, M., Roether, W., Sano, Y., Schlitzer, R., Schlosser, P., & Swift, J. (2019). A comprehensive global oceanic dataset of helium isotope and tritium measurements. Earth System Science Data, 11(2), 441–454. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-441-2019 2019-04-05 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-441-2019 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-441-2019 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-441-2019 related journal article information Jenkins, William J. author Doney, Scott C. author Fendrock, Michaela author Fine, Rana author Gamo, Toshitaka author Jean-Baptiste, Philippe author Key, Robert author Klein, Birgit Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie http://www.bsh.de HTTP Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) website Institution web page information author Lupton, John E. author Newton, Robert author Rhein, Monika Universität Bremen author Roether, Wolfgang author Sano, Yuji Kochi University https://www.kochi-u.ac.jp/ HTTPS Kochi University website Institution web page information author Schlitzer, Reiner Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung author Schlosser, Peter author Swift, Jim author Copernicus GmbH publisher documentDigital Earth Syst. Sci. Data 11(2) ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 441-454 crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program A comprehensive global oceanic dataset of discrete measurements of helium isotope and tritium during the hygrographic cruises on various ships from 1952-10-21 to 2016-01-22. 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ndp_098/ndp098.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ndp_098/ndp098.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -179.98 180 -82.38 90 1952-10-21 2016-01-22 In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 142.644 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0176626.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/c1sn-9631 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/176626 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/176626 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0125/0176626/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0176626 v1.1 was published. 2018-10-10T22:20:26Z NCEI Accession 0176626 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176626/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0176626 v1.1 published 2018-10-10T22:20:26Z download NCEI Accession 0176626 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2019-03-14T20:34:41Z NCEI Accession 0176626 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176626/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0176626 v2.2 published 2019-03-14T20:34:41Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: In Situ temperature in degrees centigrade; Abbreviation: Temperature; Unit: degrees celcius; Observation type: profile; Sampling instrument: CTD; Analyzing instrument: CTD Parameter or Variable: Sample salinity in PSU; Abbreviation: Salinity; Observation type: profile, discrete; Sampling instrument: CTD sensor, Niskin Bottles; Analyzing instrument: CTD sensor, Salinity titrator Parameter or Variable: Dissolved oxygen in umol/kg; Abbreviation: Oxygen; Unit: UMOL/KG; Observation type: profile, discrete; Sampling instrument: CTD sensor, Niskin Bottles; Analyzing instrument: CTD sensor, Oxygen titrator Parameter or Variable: Tritium in TU at time of sampling; Abbreviation: Tritium; Observation type: profile, discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin Bottles Parameter or Variable: Uncertainty in TU at time of sampling; Abbreviation: Tritium_Error Parameter or Variable: Helium isotope ratio anomaly relative to atmosphere in percent; Abbreviation: DelHe3; Unit: /percent; Observation type: profile, discrete Parameter or Variable: Uncertainty in helium isotope ratio anomaly; Abbreviation: DelHe3_Error; Unit: /percent Parameter or Variable: Dissolved helium concentration in nmol/kg; Abbreviation: Helium; Unit: NMOL/KG; Observation type: profile, discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin Bottles Parameter or Variable: Uncertainty in dissolved helium concentration in nmol/kg; Abbreviation: Helium_Error; Unit: NMOL/KG Parameter or Variable: Dissolved neon concentration in nmol/kg; Abbreviation: Neon; Unit: NMOL/KG; Observation type: profile, discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin Bottles Parameter or Variable: Uncertainty in dissolved neon concentration in nmol/kg; Abbreviation: Neon_Error; Unit: NMOL/KG asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe Niskin bottle Niskin bottle Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle? titrator titrator titrator VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS