{"@type": "dcat:Dataset", "accessLevel": "public", "accrualPeriodicity": "irregular", "bureauCode": ["005:18"], "contactPoint": {"fn": "Balkcom, Kipling S.", "hasEmail": "mailto:kip.balkcom@usda.gov"}, "description": "

This dataset contains all data and code required to reproduce the analyses, tables, and figures in the associated manuscript published in Field Crops Research titled \"Tillage and N requirements for wheat planted into corn residue\". A list of R packages used to create the aforementioned items can be found in the associated manuscript, but session information is also provided in the analysis_pipeline.html file.

The research was based on the fact that corn can generate significant surface residue requiring intensive surface tillage and increased N fertilizer rates to optimize subsequent wheat production. However, surface tillage degrades soil health benefits, while unnecessary N applications reduce profits. Therefore, identifying the correct surface tillage level and N rate combination is critical to optimize wheat yields and profits following corn production. Tillage systems [conventional tillage (CT), mulch tillage (MT), light disk (LD), and no tillage (NT)] and fall and spring N rate (67, 101, and 134 kg N ha-1) combinations were examined to evaluate early season wheat growth (tiller density, tiller biomass, and tiller N uptake), in-season wheat growth (biomass and N uptake), wheat yields, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and net returns. Fall N increased early season wheat growth parameters up to 25%, while in-season N uptake varied across tillage systems with inconsistent responses to split applications across N rates. The CT, MT, and LD systems yielded 23% greater than the NT system across N treatments and growing seasons. Grain NUE averaged 38.7% across growing seasons for all tillage and N treatments. Average net returns were US $733 ha-1 (MT), US $643 ha-1 (LD), US $601 ha-1 (CT), and US $468 ha-1 (NT). Wheat growth and production declined when planted into corn residue as surface tillage decreased. This effect was further exacerbated with low N applications. Fall N applications enhanced early season wheat growth, but a split application of the remaining N did not increase wheat yields compared to the corresponding single rate application. Therefore, split N applications did not benefit wheat production following corn compared to single N applications across N rates and conditions examined in this experiment. Applying 134 kg N ha-1 maximized wheat yields and net returns for NT, but results indicated greater N rates above current recommendations across all tillage systems following corn could be justified.

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