gov.noaa.nodc:0176110 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-02-14T19:00:59Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Reproductive information for coral reef fish collected from markets and local vendors on Tutuila, American Samoa from 2016-12-20 to 2017-11-16 (NCEI Accession 0176110) 2018-10-30 publication 2018-09-13 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0176110 NCEI Archive Management System 0176110 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Ken Longenecker Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum http://www.bishopmuseum.org HTTP Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website Institution web page information resourceProvider Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum http://www.bishopmuseum.org HTTP Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website Institution web page information resourceProvider Ken Longenecker Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum klongenecker@bishopmuseum.org http://www.bishopmuseum.org HTTP Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Feiloaiga Elisara American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Sean Felise American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Erik Franklin Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) erikcf@hawaii.edu http://www.himb.hawaii.edu/ HTTP Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) website Institution web page information collaborator Faasalafa Kitiona American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Tepora Lavatai American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Alice Lawrence American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Ross Langston Windward Community College (WCC) langston@hawaii.edu https://windward.hawaii.edu/ HTTPS Windward Community College (WCC) website Institution web page information collaborator Christina Mataafa American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Ekueta Schuster American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Auvaa Soonaolo American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Poasa Tofaeono American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Luatasi Tone American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Vernon Travers American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Fale Tuilagi American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Herbie Umi American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Motusaga Vaeoso American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Malia Vaofanua American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources collaborator Longenecker, Ken Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum http://www.bishopmuseum.org HTTP Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website Institution web page information author Elisara, Feiloaiga American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Felise, Sean American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Franklin, Erik Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology http://www.himb.hawaii.edu/ HTTP Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) website Institution web page information author Kitiona, Faasalafa American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Lavatai, Tepora American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Lawrence, Alice American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Langston, Ross Windward Community College (WCC) https://windward.hawaii.edu/ HTTPS Windward Community College (WCC) website Institution web page information author Mataafa, Christina American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Schuster, Ekueta American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Soonaolo, Auvaa American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Tofaeono, Poasa American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Tone, Luatasi American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Travers, Vernon American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Tuilagi, Fale American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Umi, Herbie American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Vaeoso, Motusaga American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Vaofanua, Malia American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources author Windward Community College (WCC) https://windward.hawaii.edu/ HTTPS Windward Community College (WCC) website Institution web page information contributor American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources contributor Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) http://www.himb.hawaii.edu/ HTTP Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) website Institution web page information contributor Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum http://www.bishopmuseum.org HTTP Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains data from laboratory analysis of coral reef fish collected near Tutuila, American Samoa from 2016-12-20 to 2017-11-16. Natural-resource professionals from American Samoa's Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources performed novel research on the reproductive biology of exploited reef fishes. Participants worked as a group to produce new information for six species: Acanthurus guttatus, Acanthurus lineatus, Acanthurus nigricans, Ctenochatus striatus, Chlorurus japanensis and Scarus oviceps. These data can be used to describe: length-weight relationships (including sex-based differences), size-at-maturity for each sex (minimum size-at-maturity, and size-at-50%-maturity), reproductive mode (total vs batch spawning, gonochorism vs hermaphroditism), sex ratios (overall, operational, and size-specific), length-fecundity relationships, and reproductive periodicity (lunar, seasonal). The overall objective of the project was to train a cadre of natural-resource professionals from the Territory of American Samoa to use newly developed methods for rapid, low-cost, reproductive analysis of coral-reef fishes. These methods require minimal research infrastructure and are suitable for use on participants' home and neighboring islands. Basic reproductive information (e.g., size at maturity) is lacking for most fishes (Froese & Binohlan 2000). This problem is especially acute for coral-reef fishes. The sheer diversity of coral-reef fishes, the supposed cost associated with the reproductive analysis of each species, and the lack of expertise and research infrastructure in developing Pacific Island nations (where most coral reefs are located) are often cited as barriers to obtaining this important base-line information (Roberts & Polunin 1993, Johannes 1998, Froese & Binohlan 2000). These problems hinder current abilities to effectively manage coral-reef fisheries in the Pacific. To address these issues, Longenecker et al. (2013) developed a method for rapid, low-cost, on-site, histology-based reproductive analysis that requires minimal research infrastructure. With this method, reproductive information can be generated quickly, and its low cost eliminates one of the arguments against broad-scale reproductive analysis surveys. Training a new crop of fish reproductive biologists who can independently use this method will increase the rate at which new reproductive information is generated, thus increasing the potential to effectively manage and conserve Pacific coral-reef fishes. The data presented here can be used to generate and disseminate novel reproductive information for commonly exploited Pacific reef fishes, including: 1) Length-weight relationships, 2) Size-at-maturity, 3) Reproductive mode, 4) Size-specific sex ratios, 5) Size-fecundity relationships, and 6) Reproductive periodicity. Funding Agency: 2016 Saltonstall-Kennedy Competitive Research Program (opportunity number NOAA-NMFS-FHQ-2016-2004617, award number NA16NMF4270264) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0176110 Preview graphic PNG 0176110 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2018-08-21 publication fecundity FISH - CORAL REEF FISH SPECIES INDIVIDUAL FISH EXAMINATION - LENGTH INDIVIDUAL FISH EXAMINATION - SEX INDIVIDUAL FISH EXAMINATION - SEXUAL MATURITY INDIVIDUAL FISH EXAMINATION - WEIGHT SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - ORGANISM LENGTH SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - SEX SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - SEXUAL MATURITY SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - TOTAL WEIGHT theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS laboratory analysis microscope scale instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological fish examination laboratory analyses manual sample collection theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology Windward Community College dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS South Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication UHI/SOEST/HIMB > Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Numeric Data Sets > Biology Numeric Data Sets > Fish Census theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Fecundity theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > FISH theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Gonadosomatic Index EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Maturity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Reproduction dilution estimate batch fecundity fish egg stage gonad weight theme Provider Keywords MICROSCOPES > MICROSCOPES instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Battery-operated jeweler's scales Compound microscope Dissecting microscope Hanging spring scales MT1 Porter-Blum microtome Stempel pipette instrument Provider Instruments COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 8C5CHJ Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Longenecker, Ken; Elisara, Feiloaiga; Felise, Sean; Franklin, Erik; Kitiona, Faasalafa; Lavatai, Tepora; Lawrence, Alice; Langston, Ross; Mataafa, Christina; Schuster, Ekueta; Soonaolo, Auvaa; Tofaeono, Poasa; Tone, Luatasi; Travers, Vernon; Tuilagi, Fale; Umi, Herbie; Vaeoso, Motusaga; Vaofanua, Malia (2018). Reproductive information for coral reef fish collected from markets and local vendors on Tutuila, American Samoa from 2016-12-20 to 2017-11-16 (NCEI Accession 0176110). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176110. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Manual of Fisheries Science Part 2 - Methods of Resource Investigation and their Application 1974 publication http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/F0752E/F0752E00.HTM HTTP Manual of Fisheries Science Part 2 - Methods of Resource Investigation and their Application Training material download Agger, P. author Bagge, O. author Hansen, O. author Hoffman, E. author Holden, M.J. author Kesteven, G.L. author Knudsen, H. author Raitt, D.F.S. author Saville, A. author Williams, T. author Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations publisher documentDigital Part 2 crossReference Froese, R., & Binohlan, C. (2000). Empirical relationships to estimate asymptotic length, length at first maturity and length at maximum yield per recruit in fishes, with a simple method to evaluate length frequency data. Journal of Fish Biology, 56(4), 758–773. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00870.x 2000-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00870.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00870.x HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00870.x online article information Froese, R. author Binohlan, C. author Wiley publisher documentDigital Journal of Fish Biology 56(4) ISSN 0022-1112, ISSN 1095-8649, pp. 758-773 crossReference sciencePaper Johannes, R. E. (1998). The case for data-less marine resource management: examples from tropical nearshore finfisheries. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 13(6), 243–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01384-6 1998-06 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01384-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01384-6 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01384-6 journal article information Johannes, R.E author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Trends in Ecology & Evolution 13(6) ISSN 0169-5347, pp. 243-246 crossReference sciencePaper Longenecker, K., Langston, R., & Bolick, H. (2013). Rapid Reproductive Analysis and Length-Dependent Relationships of Lutjanus biguttatus (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) from Papua New Guinea. Pacific Science, 67(2), 295–301. https://doi.org/10.2984/67.2.11 2013-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.2984/67.2.11 https://doi.org/10.2984/67.2.11 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.2984/67.2.11 online journal article information Longenecker, Ken Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817. author Langston, Ross Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817. author Bolick, Holly Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817. author Pacific Science publisher documentDigital Pacific Science 67(2) ISSN 0030-8870, ISSN 1534-6188, pp. 295-301 crossReference sciencePaper Nagahama, Y. (1983). 6 The Functional Morphology of Teleost Gonads. Reproduction - Endocrine Tissues and Hormones, 223–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60290-3 1983 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60290-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60290-3 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60290-3 Chapter 6 information Nagahama, Yoshitaka author Elsevier publisher documentDigital Fish Physiology ISBN 9780123504098, ISSN 1546-5098, pp. 223-275 crossReference Marine reserves: simple solutions to managing complex fisheries? 1993 publication https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4314106.pdf HTTPS Marine reserves: simple solutions to managing complex fisheries? Journal article download Roberts, C.M. author Polunin, N.V.C. author Springer, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences publisher documentDigital Ambio 22(6) pp. 363-368 crossReference sciencePaper Essential relationships incorporating the influence of age, size and condition on variables required for estimation of reproductive potential in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua 2002 publication https://www.int-res.com/articles/meps2002/235/m235p235.pdf HTTPS Essential relationships incorporating the influence of age, size and condition on variables required for estimation of reproductive potential in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua Journal article download Marteinsdottir, Gudrun author Begg, Gavin A. author documentDigital Marine Ecology Progress Series 235 pp. 235-256 crossReference sciencePaper Cellular and dynamic aspects of oocyte growth in teleosts 1981 publication https://www.jstor.org/stable/3882637?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents HTTPS Cellular and dynamic aspects of oocyte growth in teleosts Journal article download Wallace, R.A. author Selman, K. author Oxford University Press publisher documentDigital American Zoologist 21 pp. 325-343 crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans biota -170.85 -170.53 -14.383 -14.217 2016-12-20 2017-11-16 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 0.572 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176110 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/176110 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/176110 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0126/0176110/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0176110 v1.1 was published. 2018-10-30T21:24:15Z NCEI Accession 0176110 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176110/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0176110 v1.1 published 2018-10-30T21:24:15Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: FISH SPECIES (measured); Units: genus species; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: trapped; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Identified by natural-resource professionals; Data Quality Method: fish identity is high quality Parameter or Variable: fish length (measured); Units: cm, from front of head with mouth closed to end of middle caudal ray; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: measuring device; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Length, from the front of the head with mouth closed to the end of the middle caudal ray, was measured to 0.1 cm.; Data Quality Method: precision to 0.1 cm Parameter or Variable: fish weight (measured); Units: gram; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: hanging spring scales; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Whole body weight was measured with the smallest-possible of two hanging spring-scales (100 or 1000 g capacity, with 1 or 10 g increments, respectively), with the exception of seven juvenile Balistapus undulatus that were weighed on a battery-powered jeweler's scale to 0.0001 g.; Data Quality Method: high precision Parameter or Variable: Egg Stage (measured); Units: based on the criteria of Wallace & Sellman 1981; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: MT1 Porter-Blum microtome; Stempel pipette;Dissecting microscope;Compound microscope; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Size-at-Maturity and Reproductive Mode: The Dietrich's-fixed gonad subsamples were dehydrated ethanol (30 min in each of 50%, and two changes of 95% ethanol). Using plastic embedding medium (JB4, Electron Microscopy Sciences) and following kit instructions, gonad sections were infiltrated in two changes of infiltration solution, transferred into embedding capsules (BEEM (copyright), size 00), and embedded. Because high humidity in tropical locations often prevents tissue blocks from hardening completely, tissue blocks were dehydrated for 12 hours in a "desiccating chamber" (a diver's dry box containing silica gel packets and placed in full sunlight). From each embedded gonad subsample 10 tissue sections (approximately 7 um thick), distributed evenly throughout each tissue block, were obtained by serial sectioning on an MT1 Porter-Blum microtome outfitted with a glass knife. The tissue sections were floated on water droplets distributed on microscope slides, and slides were dried on a "warmer" (a flat piece of thick metal placed in full sunlight). Tissue sections (now affixed to the slides) were stained in a 0.5% solution of Toluidine Blue in water for 15 s. Excess stain was removed with a gentle stream of water, and the slides were once again dried on the "warmer". Ovary sections were examined at 40X and testis sections at 100X for evidence of reproductive maturity. Ovaries were classified according to Wallace and Selman (1981) and testes according to Nagahama (1983). Females were considered mature with the onset of vitellogenesis or when post-ovulatory follicles were present, and males mature when the testes contained visible spermatozoa (sperm cells with tails). asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian laboratory analysis laboratory analysis use as an observation type microscope microscope instrument is used in lab analyses A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye. scale scale An instrument for measuring mass or weight.