gov.noaa.nodc:0299811 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-04-30T14:42:10Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) A synthesis of benthic percent cover data in the Mariana Islands Archipelago covering a period of 22 years (2000-2022) and summarized at three spatial scales (archipelago-, island-, and sub-island-scales) (NCEI Accession 0299811) 2024-12-19 publication 2024-12-13 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/pthd-ng02 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0299811 NCEI Archive Management System 0299811 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Lori Luers NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/PIFSC) resourceProvider Lori Luers NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division lori.luers@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information pointOfContact Laura Gajdzik NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division laura.gajdzik@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information principalInvestigator NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information author NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The benthic percent cover data described in this record is a result of a synthesizing effort led by the Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) to integrate benthic cover data collected during the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) surveys in the Mariana Islands Archipelago with surveys carried out by jurisdictional partners in Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). The raw benthic cover data is derived from already archived NCRMP surveys and private partner data. This project covers a period of over 20 years (2000-2022) and was funded by the CRCP Project #31364, titled "Synthesizing data to assess temporal trends in benthic and reef fish communities across the Mariana archipelago". Benthic percent cover was estimated for six categories (i.e., calcified, non-calcified, algae, turf, crustose coralline algae, and coral) and produced at three spatial scales: across the archipelago (populated islands versus remote islands), at each populated island (Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan) and some remote islands, and for each downscaled sectors (10 sectors in Guam, four in Rota, four in Tinian, and 9 in Saipan). These estimates were primarily generated from benthic substrate photographs and using the line-point intercept methodology. Benthic substrate photographs are commonly taken along a 30-m transect at every meter at each site and are then analyzed using the web-based annotation tool. The line-point-intercept methodology consists of consecutively placing 25-m line transects (with a usually 5-m inter-transect distance) to determine the benthic composition at predetermined intervals along the transect line. The National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) was explicitly designed to summarize coral reef site-level data at the regional and island scales. While the results are geographically comprehensive, this sampling design limits the utility of the NCRMP dataset to inform local resource management decisions at sub-island scales. Accordingly, managers typically rely on smaller-scale efforts that trade spatial comprehensiveness for finer spatiotemporal resolution. To reconcile managers' scale of interest and better leverage NCRMP data, we present an effort to integrate NCRMP with local coral reef Monitoring data to assess the temporal variation in fish and benthic communities over the last two decades. We identified common community metrics from all monitoring programs, compared these metrics between populated and remote islands, and analyzed their trends at the island- and downscaled sector-scales (sub-island spatial units that are homogeneous in benthic cover). Our integrated benthic data set (from NCRMP and our jurisdictional monitoring programs) resulted in 2,298 observations from 1,800 unique locations across the Marianas and spanned over two decades (2000-2022). From these data, we observed a general decline in hard coral cover which was accompanied by a substantial increase in turf algae across the archipelago. These trends were present at smaller spatial scales (islands and sectors). Specifically, coral cover significantly declined at three of the four populated islands and in 50% of the sectors. When gauging resilience, our results revealed evidence of reef resistance for some sectors, which represent potential good candidates for resilience-based spatial management. Overall, this project combined different data streams, covered a wide spatiotemporal scale, and employed a spatial downscaling approach to unveil patterns of resilience at management-relevant scales. Funding Agency: NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Funding Agency: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0299811 Preview graphic PNG 0299811 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2024-12-12 publication BENTHIC COMMUNITIES BENTHIC SPECIES - TAXA IDENTITIES biological data CORAL HABITAT - BENTHIC REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS photograph swimmer/diver instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS imagery in situ laboratory analyses survey - biological survey - coral reef visual observation theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette NOAA Ship Rainier platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) CORAL REEF STUDIES National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Northwest Pacific Ocean (limit-180) Philippine Sea place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center RAMP Reef Asessment and Monitoring Program dataCentre Contributing Data Centers DOC/NOAA/NMFS > National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC/ESD > Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 31364 Synthesizing data to assess temporal trends in benthic and reef-fish communities across the Mariana archipelago project CRCP Project Numeric Data Sets > Benthic theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Turf Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect Monitoring > Linear Transect (point) EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect monitoring EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Photographic Analysis EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Sponges EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Hard Coral Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > COASTAL LANDFORMS > CORAL REEFS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian decades theme Provider Keywords Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Hi'ialakai (call sign: WTEY, ICES code: 33HL, 2004-) OSCAR ELTON SETTE (call sign: WTEE, ICES code: 33OC, 2003-) RAINIER (call sign: WTEF, ICES code: 315R, 1968-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes small boat platform Provider Platform Names COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Agrihan Island > Agrihan Island (18N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Aguihan > Aguihan Island (Aguijan) (14N145E0006) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Alamagan Island > Alamagan Island (17N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Asuncion Island > Asuncion Island (19N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Farallon de Pajaros > Farallon de Pajaros (20N144E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Guguan > Guguan Island (17N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Maug > Maug Island (20N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Pagan > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Rota > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Saipan > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Sarigan Island > Sarigan Island (16N145E0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Tinian > Tinian Island (14N145E0005) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Santa Rosa Bank (12N144E0051) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Agrihan Island > Agrihan Island (18N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Aguihan Island Reefs > Aguihan Island (Aguijan) (14N145E0006) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Alamagan Island > Alamagan Island (17N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Asuncion Island > Asuncion Island (19N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Farallon de Pajaros > Farallon de Pajaros (20N144E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Santa Rosa Bank (12N144E0051) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guguan Island > Guguan Island (17N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Maug Island > Maug Island (20N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Pagan Island > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Rota Island > Rota Island ( Luta ) (14N145E0007) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Saipan Island > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Sarigan Island > Sarigan Island (16N145E0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Tinian Island Reefs > Tinian Island (14N145E0005) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian CNMI Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Guam Mariana Archipelago Mariana Islands Marianas place Provider Place Names BH6W1A Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division (2024). A synthesis of benthic percent cover data in the Mariana Islands Archipelago covering a period of 22 years (2000-2022) and summarized at three spatial scales (archipelago-, island-, and sub-island-scales) (NCEI Accession 0299811). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/pthd-ng02. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: A synthesis of benthic percent cover data in the Mariana Islands Archipelago covering a period of 22 years (2000-2022) and summarized at three spatial scales (archipelago-, island-, and sub-island-scales) 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/72575 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/72575 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Gajdzik, L., Ingeman, K., Kindinger, T. L., & Oliver, T. (2023). Spatiotemporal trends of benthic and reef fish communities in the Mariana archipelago. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). https://doi.org/10.25923/7efh-qt23 2023 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.25923/7efh-qt23 https://doi.org/10.25923/7efh-qt23 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.25923/7efh-qt23 Associated NOAA Technical Memorandum information Gajdzik, Laura author Ingeman, Kurt author Kindinger, Tye L. author Oliver, Thomas author Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). publisher documentDigital Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). crossReference sciencePaper University of Guam Marine Laboratory, 2024: Guam Long-term Coral Reef Monitoring Program Benthic Images since 2010. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/47788 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/47788 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/47788 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Benthic Cover Derived from Analysis of Benthic Images Collected during Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) across the Mariana Archipelago since 2014, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36156 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36156 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36156 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Benthic Images Collected from Stratified Random Sites (StRS) across the Mariana Archipelago since 2014, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36153 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36153 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36153 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: Pacific Reef Monitoring and Assessment Program: Line-Point-Intercept (LPI) Surveys for Benthic Cover at Coral Reef Sites across the Pacific Ocean from 2005 to 2012, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25261 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25261 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25261 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference University of Guam Marine Laboratory, 2024: Guam Long-term Coral Reef Monitoring Program Benthic Cover Derived from Analysis of Benthic Images since 2010, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/47784 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/47784 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/47784 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Benthic Cover from Annotated Benthic Images Collected During Photoquadrat Surveys at Climate Stations across the Mariana Archipelago since 2014, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36147 2024 publication https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36147 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36147 InPort Metadata Record information crossReference Perez, D.I., Camacho, R., Hasegawa, K., Iguel, J., Suel, J., David, P. (2021). CNMI State of the Reef Report 2020-2021. Division of Coastal Resources Management, Bureau of Environmental and Coastal Quality, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. 2019-12 publication https://coast.noaa.gov/coral_storage/library/NOAA/CRCP/NOS/OCM/Projects/31225/NA19NOS4820052/Perez2021_NA19NOS4820052_CNMI_StateOfTheReef_Report_2020-2021.pdf HTTPS https://coast.noaa.gov/coral_storage/library/NOAA/CRCP/NOS/OCM/Projects/31225/NA19NOS4820052/Perez2021_NA19NOS4820052_CNMI_StateOfTheReef_Report_2020-2021.pdf CNMI State of the Reef Report 2020-2021 information Denise Perez Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Coastal Resources Management author Rodney Camacho Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Coastal Resources Management author Kylie Hasegawa Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Coastal Resources Management author John Iguel Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Coastal Resources Management author Jordan Suel Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Coastal Resources Management author Pheona David Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Coastal Resources Management author documentDigital crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans imageryBaseMapsEarthCover biota 144.63 146.02 13.24 20.02 2000-01-01 2022-12-31 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. CSV 0.54 https://doi.org/10.25921/pthd-ng02 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/299811 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/299811 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0235/0299811/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0299811 v1.1 was published. 2024-12-19T16:06:29Z NCEI Accession 0299811 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0299811/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0299811 v1.1 published 2024-12-19T16:06:29Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: BENTHIC COMMUNITIES (measured); Units: unitless; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: photograph; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Percent cover was calculated using benthic substrate photographs (photoquadrats).The raw data was collected during NCRMP surveys and is described and archived separately. Raw partner data is kept privately.; Data Quality Method: Only good images of the benthos were kept and those with poor resolution, poor lighting, extraneous objects (fins, etc), or blur were excluded from analysis. Parameter or Variable: REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER (calculated); Units: percent; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: photograph; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Estimates of benthic cover were primarily generated from benthic substrate photographs.; Data Quality Method: The benthic photoquadrat imagery is analyzed using the web-based annotation tool such as CoralNet; generally 10 random points are selected per photo. The line-point-intercept methodology consists of consecutively placing 25-m line transects (with a usually 5-m inter-transect distance) to determine the benthic composition at pre-determined intervals along the transect line. The benthic photoquadrat imagery is then analyzed using the web-based annotation tool such as CoralNet; generally 10 random points are selected per photo. Parameter or Variable: BENTHIC SPECIES - TAXA IDENTITIES (measured); Units: unitless; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Line-point-intercept methodology was also used to identify benthic taxa, which were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible and then grouped per functional categories: turf algae, crustose coralline algae, corals, calcified and non-calcified organisms. The line-point-intercept methodology consists of consecutively placing 25-m line transects (with a usually 5-m inter-transect distance) to determine the benthic composition at pre-determined intervals along the transect line.; Data Quality Method: For the line-intercept points, the benthic cover parameter observations were made by trained divers. Parameter or Variable: REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER (calculated); Units: percent; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Percent cover was calculated using in situ data collected with the line-point-intercept methodology. The raw data was collected during NCRMP surveys and is described and archived separately. Raw partner data is kept privately.; Data Quality Method: These data underwent quality control procedures during the synthesizing process. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian photograph photograph still images used as the basis for making parameter determinations swimmer/diver swimmer/diver not an instrument - use as observation type NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel DOB: Nov 1984 IMO: 8835619 Hull No: R 334 Former Name: Vindicator (2004) Commissioned by NOAA in 2002 Submitted to ICES on 2012-12-13. NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel; Ice Strengthened DOB: Aug 1988 IMO: 8835097 Former Name: ADVENTUROUS (2003) http://www.moc.noaa.gov/os/index.html Submitted to ICES on 2013-12-18. NOAA Ship Rainier Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Hydrographic) DOB: Apr 1968 IMO: 6711003 Hull Classification: S 221