{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Kyle W. Davis", "hasEmail": "mailto:kyledavis@usgs.gov"}, "description": "A three-dimensional groundwater flow model was developed to characterize groundwater \nresources of the uppermost principal aquifers in the Williston structural basin in parts of \nMontana, North Dakota, and South Dakota in the United States and of Manitoba and \nSaskatchewan in Canada as part of a detailed assessment of the groundwater availability \nof the area. The uppermost principal aquifers are comprised of the glacial, lower Tertiary, \nand Upper Cretaceous aquifer systems. The model was developed as a part of the \nU.S. Geological Survey Water Availability and Use Science Program's effort to conduct \nlarge-scale multidisciplinary regional studies of groundwater availability. The numerical \nmodel was used to (1) simulate hydrologic scenarios of interest to groundwater managers \nand to advance the understanding of groundwater budgets and components including \nrecharge, discharge, and aquifer storage for the entire system, (2) compute historical \nand projected system response to natural and anthropogenic stresses, and (3) evaluate \npotential hydrologic monitoring programs at a scale relevant to basin-wide water-management \ndecisions.\n\t\t\nThis model was previously published by the U.S. Geological Survey in a Scientific Investigations \nReport (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175158) and the model input and output files are available \nin a data release (https://doi.org/10.5066/F75B01CZ).  The underlying directories contain all of \nthe input and output files for predictive simulations of groundwater response to selected scenarios \nfor the uppermost principal aquifer systems in the Williston Basin, United States and Canada. The \npredictive simulations were created using base model files from a model developed by Davis and \nLong and documented in the U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5158 \n(https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175158). Model archive files are documented and are available in an \nonline data release (https://doi.org/10.5066/F75B01CZ). The three-dimensional groundwater-flow \nmodel was developed using the numerical modeling software, MODFLOW-NWT. For this study, \nthe numerical groundwater-flow model was used to simulated three predictive scenarios: scenario \n1 was focused on flowing artesian wells, and was used to simulate 1960\u20122035 hydraulic-head \nchanges that would result if none of the flowing artesian wells in the model area were capped \nor plugged during this period and other conditions remained constant; scenario 2 simulated \n10-year drought for 2006\u201215, with no increases in groundwater pumping after 2005; and scenario \n3 was identical to scenario 2, except that it also applied the increased groundwater withdrawals \nnecessary to fill the needs of energy-resource production for 2006\u201215. A data-worth analysis for \nevaluation of potential hydrologic monitoring networks was also accomplished using the numerical \nmodel.\n\t\t\t\nThis USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the model described in the \nassociated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1841). This data release also \nincludes MODFLOW-NWT (version 1.0.9) source code.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FACTT3", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.e70cc6a7-7750-4232-857d-804ef661373a.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_e70cc6a7-7750-4232-857d-804ef661373a", "keyword": ["Fort Union aquifer", "Fox Hills aquifer", "Groundwater", "Groundwater Model", "Hell Creek aquifer", "InlandWaters", "MODFLOW-NWT", "Manitoba", "Montana", "North Dakota", "Northern Great Plains", "Saskatchewan", "South Dakota", "USGS:e70cc6a7-7750-4232-857d-804ef661373a", "environment", "geoscientificInformation", "inlandWaters", "usgsgroundwatermodel"], "modified": "2020-11-17T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-108.801363, 44.308885, -98.345982, 50.928058", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "MODFLOW-NWT model of predictive simulations of groundwater response to selected scenarios in the Williston Basin, United States and Canada"}