noaa-icecore-32632 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-10-31 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Antarctica 40,000 Year Temperature and Elevation Reconstructions 2021-05-21 publication doi:10.25921/hnt8-bv54 noaa-icecore-32632 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Buizert, C. originator Buizert, C. author Fudge, T.J. originator Fudge, T.J. author Roberts, W.H.G. originator Roberts, W.H.G. author Steig, E.J. originator Steig, E.J. author Sherriff-Tadano, S. originator Sherriff-Tadano, S. author Ritz, C. originator Ritz, C. author Lefebvre, E. originator Lefebvre, E. author Edwards, J.S. originator Edwards, J.S. author Kawamura, K. originator Kawamura, K. author Oyabu, I. originator Oyabu, I. author Motoyama, H. originator Motoyama, H. author Kahle, E.C. originator Kahle, E.C. author Jones, T.R. originator Jones, T.R. author Abe-Ouchi, A. originator Abe-Ouchi, A. author Obase, T. originator Obase, T. author Martin, C. originator Martin, C. author Corr, H. originator Corr, H. author Severinghaus, J. originator Severinghaus, J. author Beaudette, R. originator Beaudette, R. author Epifanio, J. originator Epifanio, J. author Brook, E.J. originator Brook, E.J. author Martin, K. originator Martin, K. author Chappellaz, J.A. originator Chappellaz, J.A. author Aoki, S. originator Aoki, S. author Nakazawa, T. originator Nakazawa, T. author Sowers, T. originator Sowers, T. author Alley, R.B. originator Alley, R.B. author Ahn, J. originator Ahn, J. author Sigl, M. originator Sigl, M. author Severi, M. originator Severi, M. author Dunbar, N.W. originator Dunbar, N.W. author Svensson, A.M. originator Svensson, A.M. author Fegyveresi, J.M. originator Fegyveresi, J.M. author He, C. originator He, C. author Liu, Z. originator Liu, Z. author Zhu, J. originator Zhu, J. author Otto-Bliesner, B.L. originator Otto-Bliesner, B.L. author Lipenkov, V.Y. originator Lipenkov, V.Y. author Kameda, T. originator Kameda, T. author Schwander, J. originator Schwander, J. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Ice Core. The data include parameters of ice cores with a geographic location of Antarctica. The time period coverage is from 801000 to -39 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, atmospheric trace gases, and other aspects of climate and environment derived from ice cores drilled on glaciers and ice caps around the world. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-icecore.png Paleoclimatology - Ice Core PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ice Core Records Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ice Core Records theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > borehole|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > borehole|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > borehole|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > borehole|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > borehole|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > borehole|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate forcing|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > accumulation earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > reconstruction earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > atmospheric gas earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > age control earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > nitrogen isotopes earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > borehole measurements theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Air Temperature Reconstruction Precipitation Reconstruction theme What: notes; Material: null What: depth; Material: null What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: depth; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: methane; Material: bulk atmosphere What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: sample identification; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: gas age; Material: null What: depth at sample start; Material: null What: ice temperature; Material: null What: depth; Material: null What: ice age; Material: null What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: depth at sample end; Material: null What: ice temperature; Material: null What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: depth; Material: null What: gas age; Material: null What: methane; Material: bulk atmosphere What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: delta 15N; Material: nitrogen gas What: ice age; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: surface temperature; Material: null What: sample identification; Material: null What: accumulation rate; Material: bulk ice theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > Antarctica > WAIS Divide WDC06A > LATITUDE -79.4676 > LONGITUDE -112.0865 Continent > Antarctica > Siple Dome > LATITUDE -81.65 > LONGITUDE -148.82 Continent > Antarctica > Dome Fuji > LATITUDE -77.32 > LONGITUDE 38.7 Continent > Antarctica > Talos Dome TALDICE > LATITUDE -72.8166 > LONGITUDE 159.1833 Continent > Antarctica > EPICA Dome C > LATITUDE -75.1 > LONGITUDE 123.4 Continent > Antarctica > EPICA Dronning Maud Land > LATITUDE -75 > LONGITUDE .07 Continent > Antarctica > South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) > LATITUDE -89.99 > LONGITUDE -99.16 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Buizert, C.; Fudge, T.J.; Roberts, W.H.G.; Steig, E.J.; Sherriff-Tadano, S.; Ritz, C.; Lefebvre, E.; Edwards, J.S.; Kawamura, K.; Oyabu, I.; Motoyama, H.; Kahle, E.C.; Jones, T.R.; Abe-Ouchi, A.; Obase, T.; Martin, C.; Corr, H.; Severinghaus, J.; Beaudette, R.; Epifanio, J.; Brook, E.J.; Martin, K.; Chappellaz, J.A.; Aoki, S.; Nakazawa, T.; Sowers, T.; Alley, R.B.; Ahn, J.; Sigl, M.; Severi, M.; Dunbar, N.W.; Svensson, A.M.; Fegyveresi, J.M.; He, C.; Liu, Z.; Zhu, J.; Otto-Bliesner, B.L.; Lipenkov, V.Y.; Kameda, T.; Schwander, J. (2021-05-21): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Antarctica 40,000 Year Temperature and Elevation Reconstructions. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/hnt8-bv54. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Antarctic surface temperature and elevation during the Last Glacial Maximum 2021 publication Buizert, Christo; Fudge, T.J.; Roberts, William H. G.; Steig, Eric J.; Sherriff-Tadano, Sam; Ritz, Catherine; Lefebvre, Eric; Edwards, Jon; Kawamura, Kenji; Oyabu, Ikumi; Motoyama, Hideaki; Kahle, Emma C.; Jones, Tyler R.; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Obase, Takashi; Martin, Carlos; Corr, Hugh; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Beaudette, Ross; Epifanio, Jenna; Brook, Edward J.; Martin, Kaden; Chappellaz, Jérôme; Aoki, Shuji; Nakazawa, Takakiyo; Sowers, Todd A.; Alley, Richard; Ahn, Jinho; Sigl, Michael; Severi, Mirko; Dunbar, Nelia W.; Svensson, Anders; Fegyveresi, John; He, Chengfei; Liu, Zhengyu; Zhu, Jiang; Otto-Bliesner, Bette; Lipenkov, Vladimir Y.; Kameda, Takao; Schwander, Jakob author Science publisher https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd2897 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2021 Buizert, Christo; Fudge, T.J.; Roberts, William H. G.; Steig, Eric J.; Sherriff-Tadano, Sam; Ritz, Catherine; Lefebvre, Eric; Edwards, Jon; Kawamura, Kenji; Oyabu, Ikumi; Motoyama, Hideaki; Kahle, Emma C.; Jones, Tyler R.; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Obase, Takashi; Martin, Carlos; Corr, Hugh; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Beaudette, Ross; Epifanio, Jenna; Brook, Edward J.; Martin, Kaden; Chappellaz, Jérôme; Aoki, Shuji; Nakazawa, Takakiyo; Sowers, Todd A.; Alley, Richard; Ahn, Jinho; Sigl, Michael; Severi, Mirko; Dunbar, Nelia W.; Svensson, Anders; Fegyveresi, John; He, Chengfei; Liu, Zhengyu; Zhu, Jiang; Otto-Bliesner, Bette; Lipenkov, Vladimir Y.; Kameda, Takao; Schwander, Jakob, 2021: Antarctic surface temperature and elevation during the Last Glacial Maximum. Science, 372, 1097-1101, 10.1126/science.abd2897 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 801000 cal yr BP to -39 cal yr BP; -148.82 159.1833 -89.99 -72.8166 -799050 1989 STUDY NOTES: Temperature and elevation reconstructions for 7 Antarctic ice core locations (WAIS Divide, EPICA Dronning Maud Land, EPICA Dome C, TALDICE (Talos Dome), Siple Dome, SPICEcore (South Pole), and Dome Fuji) for the past 40,000 years, based on Antarctic ice core borehole temperature and d15N. Provided Keywords: Antarctica, Surface temperature, Surface accumulation, Last Glacial Maximum ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Water-stable isotopes in polar ice cores are a widely used temperature proxy in paleoclimate reconstruction, yet calibration remains challenging in East Antarctica. Here, we reconstruct the magnitude and spatial pattern of Last Glacial Maximum surface cooling in Antarctica using borehole thermometry and firn properties in seven ice cores. West Antarctic sites cooled ~10°C relative to the preindustrial period. East Antarctic sites show a range from ~4° to ~7°C cooling, which is consistent with the results of global climate models when the effects of topographic changes indicated with ice core air-content data are included, but less than those indicated with the use of water-stable isotopes calibrated against modern spatial gradients. An altered Antarctic temperature inversion during the glacial reconciles our estimates with water-isotope observations. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/hnt8-bv54 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/32632 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/ice-core HTTPS Information NCEI Ice Core Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021wdc06a-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021wdc06a-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021taldice-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021taldice-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021spice-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021spice-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021sdm-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021sdm-ch4-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021sdm-age-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021sdm-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021edml-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021edml-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021edc-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021edc-borehole-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021edc-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021df-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021df-d15n-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021df-ch4-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021df-borehole-temp-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/buizert2021/buizert2021df-accum-noaa.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21