gov.noaa.nodc:0127525 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-16T13:37:32Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Abundance and behavior of parrotfishes (Labridae, Scarinae) in the upper Florida Keys from 2013-06-19 to 2013-07-30 (NCEI Accession 0127525) 2015-05-06 publication 2015-05-04 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0127525 NCEI Archive Management System 0127525 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Thomas C. Adam University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) adam@lifesci.ucsb.edu http://www.ucsb.edu HTTP University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) website Institution web page information resourceProvider University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) http://www.ucsb.edu HTTP University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Adam, Thomas C. Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara http://www.ucsb.edu HTTP University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) website Institution web page information author Kelley, Megan Florida International University http://www.fiu.edu HTTP Florida International University (FIU) website Institution web page information author Ruttenberg, Benjamin I. NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southeast-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SEFSC) website Institution web page information author Burkepile, Deron E. Florida International University http://www.fiu.edu HTTP Florida International University (FIU) website Institution web page information author NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SEFSC) https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/southeast-fisheries-science-center HTTPS NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/SEFSC) website Institution web page information contributor University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) http://www.ucsb.edu HTTP University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital To better understand the functional roles of parrotfishes on Caribbean coral reefs we documented abundance, habitat preferences, and diets of nine species of parrotfishes (Scarus coelestinus, Scarus coeruleus, Scarus guacamaia, Scarus taeniopterus, Scarus vetula, Sparisoma aurofrenatum, Sparisoma chrysopterum, Sparisoma rubripinne, Sparisoma viride) on three high-relief spur-and-groove reefs (Molasses, Carysfort, and Elbow) offshore of Key Largo in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. On each reef, we conducted fish surveys, behavioral observations, and benthic surveys in three habitat types: high-relief spur and groove (depth 2 - 6 m), low-relief carbonate platform/hardbottom (depth 4 - 12 m), and carbonate boulder/rubble fields (depth 4 - 9 m). In addition, fish surveys were also conducted on a fourth high-relief spur-and-groove reef (French). We estimated parrotfish abundance in each of the three habitat types in order to assess the relative abundance and biomass of different species and to quantify differences in habitat selection. To estimate parrotfish density, we conducted 20 to 30 minute timed swims while towing a GPS receiver on a float on the surface to calculate the amount of area sampled. During a swim the observer would swim parallel with the habitat type being sampled and count and estimate the size to the nearest cm of all parrotfishes greater than or equal to 15 cm in length that were encountered in a 5 m wide swath. To quantify parrotfish behavior, approximately six individuals of each species were observed at each site for 20 min each. Foraging behavior was recorded by a SCUBA diver while towing a GPS receiver (Garmin GPS 72) attached to a surface float, which obtained position fixes of the focal fish at 15 s intervals. Fish were followed from a close distance (~ 2 m when possible), and food items were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, with macroalgae and coral usually identified to genus or species. Many bites involved scraping or excavating substrate colonized by a multi-species assemblage of filamentous “turf” algae and crustose coralline algae (CCA). Thus, multiple species of filamentous algae, endolithic algae, and CCA could be harvested in a single bite, and it was impossible to determine the specific species of algae targeted. We also recorded the type of substrate targeted during each foraging bout, categorizing each substrate as one of the following: (1) dead coral, (2) coral pavement, (3) boulder, (4) rubble, or (5) ledge. Dead coral included both convex and concave surfaces on the vertical and horizontal planes of three dimensional coral skeletons (primarily dead Acropora palmata) that were attached to reef substrate. Coral pavement was carbonate reef with little topographic complexity (i.e., flat limestone pavement). Boulder was large remnants of dead mounding corals not clearly attached to the bottom and often partially buried in sand. Coral rubble consisted of small dead coral fragments (generally < 10 cm in any dimension) that could be moved with minimal force. Ledges consisted entirely of the undercut sides of large spurs in the high-relief spur and groove habitat. In order to quantify the relative abundance of different food types, we estimated the percent cover of algae, coral, and other sessile invertebrates on each of the five substrates commonly targeted by parrotfishes (dead coral, coral pavement, boulder, rubble, or ledge) in 0.5 m x 0.5 m photoquadrats. We photographed a total of 8 haphazardly selected quadrats dispersed throughout the study site for each substrate type at each of the three sites (N = 24 quadrats per substrate type, N = 120 quadrats total). Each photoquadrat was divided into sixteen 12 cm x 12 cm sections which were individually photographed, and percent cover was estimated from 9 stratified random points per section (N = 144 point per quadrat). To document patterns of resource-use of Caribbean parrotfishes. Related Funding Agency: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program Related Funding Agency: NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0127525 Preview graphic PNG 0127525 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2015-05-02 publication ANIMALS - INDIVIDUAL - BEHAVIOR BENTHIC COMMUNITIES CORAL - CENSUS FISH - CORAL REEF FISH CENSUS REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS camera swimmer/diver visual observation instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ survey - coral reef survey - swimmer/diver visual observation theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center University of California, Santa Barbara dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of California, Santa Barbara dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) Coral Reef Information System (CoRIS) CORAL REEF STUDIES project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NMFS/SEFSC > Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 182 The Importance of Parrotfish (fam. Scaridae) on the Maintenance and Recovery of Coral-Dominated Reefs project CRCP Project Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Dominance > Keystone Species EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Herbivory EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Predation > Coral Predation EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Calcareous Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Coralline Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Encrusting Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Fleshy Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Turf Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Fish Assemblages EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Fish Behavior EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Fish > Fishing theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > COASTAL LANDFORMS > CORAL REEFS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Scarus coelestinus Scarus coeruleus Scarus guacamaia Scarus taeniopterus Scarus vetula Sparisoma aurofrenatum Sparisoma chrysopterum Sparisoma rubripinne Sparisoma viride theme Originator Keywords CAMERA > CAMERA VISUAL OBSERVATIONS > VISUAL OBSERVATIONS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida > Monroe County > Carysfort Reef (25N080W0013) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida > Monroe County > Elbow Reef (25N080W0020) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida > Monroe County > French Reef (25N080W0022) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida > Monroe County > Key Largo (25N080W0010) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida > Monroe County > Molasses Reef (25N080W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida Reef Tract > Upper Florida Keys > Carysfort Reef (25N080W0013) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida Reef Tract > Upper Florida Keys > Elbow Reef (25N080W0020) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida Reef Tract > Upper Florida Keys > French Reef (25N080W0022) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida Reef Tract > Upper Florida Keys > Key Largo (25N080W0010) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida Reef Tract > Upper Florida Keys > Molasses Reef (25N080W0003) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF AMERICA OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MEXICO place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EYR2MY Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Adam, Thomas C.; Kelley, Megan; Ruttenberg, Benjamin I.; Burkepile, Deron E. (2015). Abundance and behavior of parrotfishes (Labridae, Scarinae) in the upper Florida Keys from 2013-06-19 to 2013-07-30 (NCEI Accession 0127525). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0127525. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Adam, T. C., Kelley, M., Ruttenberg, B. I., & Burkepile, D. E. (2015). Resource partitioning along multiple niche axes drives functional diversity in parrotfishes on Caribbean coral reefs. Oecologia, 179(4), 1173–1185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3406-3 2015-08-06 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3406-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3406-3 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3406-3 related journal article information Adam, Thomas C. author Kelley, Megan author Ruttenberg, Benjamin I. author Burkepile, Deron E. author Springer Science and Business Media LLC publisher documentDigital Oecologia 179(4) ISSN 0029-8549, ISSN 1432-1939, pp. 1173-1185 crossReference sciencePaper Bohnsack, James A.; Harper, Douglas E.; Southeast Fisheries Center (U.S.). 1988. Length-weight relationships of selected marine reef fishes from the southeastern United States and the Caribbean. NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-SEFC 215. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/3027 1988 publication noaa:3027 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/3027 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/3027 Related technical memorandum information Southeast Fisheries Center (U.S.) author Bohnsack, James A. author Harper, Douglas E. author documentDigital NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-SEFC 215 crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans biota -80.38 -80.21 25 25.22 2013-06-19 2013-07-30 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 2.196 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0127525 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/127525 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/127525 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0075/0127525/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0127525 v1.1 was published. 2015-05-06T09:32:12Z NCEI Accession 0127525 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0127525/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0127525 v1.1 published 2015-05-06T09:32:12Z download dataset Data Type: FISH CENSUS (measured); Units: count; Observation Type: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Fish were counted via timed swims in different habitat types. Diver towed a GPS receiver on a surface float in order to calculate total area sampled and estimate fish densities; Data Quality Information: Data were checked by hand. Graphs were made to identify anomalous values. Density and biomass estimates were compared with transect data Data Type: ANIMALS - INDIVIDUAL - BEHAVIOR (measured); Units: count; Observation Type: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Behavioral observations of focal individuals were made. Bites of different food items on different substrates were counted and bite rates were calculated.; Data Quality Information: Data were checked by hand. Graphs were made to identify anomalous values. For species where published data are available, bite rates were compared with published estimates Data Type: CORAL - CENSUS (measured); Units: percent; Observation Type: in situ; Sampling Instrument: camera; Sampling and Analyzing Method: This data set is based on photographic images recorded using a 0.5 x 0.5 m quadrat divided into 16 12 cm x 12 cm sections. Photographs were taken of the primary substrates targeted by parrotfishes. Percent cover of algae and other benthic space holders was estimated using random point contacts.; Data Quality Information: The data were graphed to identify any anomalous values repository NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015. 2015-04-22T00:00:00 asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian camera camera An instrument for recording images. swimmer/diver swimmer/diver not an instrument - use as observation type visual observation visual observation not an instrument - maybe an observation type