gov.noaa.nodc:0285904 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-12-16T13:15:18Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Benthic Habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix U.S. Virgin Islands, 2004-02-18 to 2011-08-30 (NCEI Accession 0285904) 2023-12-21 publication 2023-12-05 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/vz7r-kc55 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0285904 NCEI Archive Management System 0285904 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Bryan Costa NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) bryan.costa@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Timothy A. Battista NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) tim.battista@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) NCCOS Data Manager nccos.data@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information pointOfContact Bryan Costa NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) bryan.costa@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information pointOfContact Ian Lundgren US DOI; National Park Service; Buck Island Reef National Monument collaborator Zandy Hillis-Starr US DOI; National Park Service; Buck Island Reef National Monument collaborator Jay Lazar NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office collaborator David Bruce NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office collaborator Scott Ramsay Fugro LADS collaborator James Guildford Fugro LADS collaborator Mark Sinclair Fugro LADS collaborator Jim Suggs US Army/Corps of Engineers (USACE) collaborator Lance Horn University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW) https://uncw.edu/ HTTPS University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW) website Institution web page information collaborator Glen Taylor University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW) https://uncw.edu/ HTTPS University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW) website Institution web page information collaborator Jeff Snyder SeaVision Marine Services collaborator Matt Cook SeaVision Marine Services collaborator Uri ten Brink United States Geological Survey (USGS) https://www.usgs.gov/ HTTPS United States Geological Survey (USGS) website Institution web page information collaborator Brian Andrews United States Geological Survey (USGS) https://www.usgs.gov/ HTTPS United States Geological Survey (USGS) website Institution web page information collaborator Hank Tonnemacher Seven Seas Ltd. collaborator Richard Berey Coast Works collaborator Costa, Bryan NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science bryan.costa@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author Tormey, Sam author Battista, Timothy A. NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Tim.Battista@noaa.gov https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information author NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This data package contains information about the geology and biology of the seafloor from approximately 0 to 1,830 meters in Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM) St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). It was created by delineating habitats visible in aerial photographs, lidar and multibeam echosounder imagery using ENVI's Feature Extraction (Fx) Module. The minimum polygon size for these habitat maps ranged from 100 square meters (in shallow <30 m depths) to 1000 square meters (in moderate 30 to 150 m depths) to 5,000 square meters (in deep >150 m depths). Additional habitat polygons were manually digitized if they were excluded during the feature extraction workflow. Polygon boundaries were smoothed in ArcGIS to reduce their pixelated appearance. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) algorithm was used to classify each habitat polygon using georeferenced underwater video & photos collected using SCUBA divers, drop-cameras and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). Major and detailed geomorphological structure, percent hardbottom, major and detailed biological cover and live coral cover were identified for each polygon. The moderate and deep maps mark the first time that habitats deeper than approximately 30 meters have been mapped in the Monument. These habitat maps will provide a baseline for future biological monitoring studies in BIRNM. This benthic habitat map was created by NOAA to support the management of Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM) by the National Park Service (NPS). The mosaic of coral reef, seagrass and sand habitats in BIRNM are home to a diversity of marine organisms, including Hawksbill Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), Elkhorn Coral (Acropora palmata) and Staghorn Coral (Acropora cervicornis), all of which are federally protected under the Endangered Species Act (NOAA OPR, 2011). In addition to providing habitat for a variety of species, these marine resources also provide valuable ecosystem services to the local community, including shoreline protection, fisheries replenishment, recreation, and tourism. However, coral reef ecosystems in St. Croix and throughout the U.S. Caribbean are under increasing pressure from environmental and anthropogenic stressors that threaten these important marine communities. In order to better evaluate and address these threats, a baseline understanding and periodic evaluation of the benthic communities and associated living marine resources is needed by scientists and resource managers. Habitat maps, in particular, are an integral component to this process, as they support an effective ecosystem-based approach to management. Habitat maps provide a spatially explicit representation of benthic structure and biological cover. The spatial products developed for this project will: (1) inform local NPS managers as to the existing distribution of resources, (2) provide a baseline for future comparative efforts, (3) help locate sensitive marine communities, and (4) guide monitoring efforts and prioritize management actions. Funding Agency: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) Funding Agency: NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0285904 Preview graphic PNG 0285904 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2023-11-29 publication BENTHIC COMMUNITIES biological data CORAL HABITAT - BENTHIC REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS camera LIDAR multibeam sonar photograph instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological GIS product in situ model output theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Nancy Foster NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) CORAL REEF STUDIES project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Caribbean Sea place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication 7-Seas-Ltd Coast Works US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Office for Coastal Management US DOI; US Geological Survey dataCentre Contributing Organizations DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Benthic Habitat Mapping for Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix project Provider Project Names Geographic Information > Backscatter Geographic Information > Bathymetry Geographic Information > Deep Coral Locations Geographic Information > Habitats Geographic Information > LiDAR Geographic Information > Marine Management Areas Geographic Information > Reef Locations Map Images > Aerial Photographs Map Images > Habitats Numeric Data Sets > Habitats theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Deep-water corals EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Habitat Mapping EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Photographic Analysis EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Photographic Analysis > Videography EARTH SCIENCE > Mapping > Base map > Aerial Photography EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetry EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > COASTAL LANDFORMS > CORAL REEFS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Marine Spatial Ecology > Habitat Mapping theme NCCOS Research Areas Derived Data Product Field Observation Geospatial theme NCCOS Research Data Types Benthic Habitat Maps Imagery Training and Validation Data theme Provider Keywords remotely sensed theme Provider Observation Categories CAMERA > CAMERA LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging MBES > Multibeam Mapping System instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian aerial multispectral camera light detection and ranging multibeam echosounder underwater multispectral cameras instrument Provider Instruments Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NANCY FOSTER (call sign: WTER, ICES code: 33NF, 2004-) Ronald H. Brown (call sign: WTEC, ICES code: 33RO, 1997-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes NOAA ship Nancy Foster NOAA ship Ronald Brown platform Provider Platform Names COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > St. Croix > Buck Island (17N064W0006) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > St. Croix > Buck Island Reef (17N064W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > Buck Island > Buck Island (17N064W0006) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > St. Croix > Buck Island Reef (17N064W0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > CARIBBEAN SEA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian U.S. States and Territories > U.S. Virgin Islands Waterbodies > Caribbean Sea place NCCOS Regions of Study Buck Island Reef National Monument Saint Croix place Provider Place Names 64KUE6 Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Costa, Bryan; Tormey, Sam; Battista, Timothy A. (2023). Benthic Habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix U.S. Virgin Islands, 2004-02-18 to 2011-08-30 (NCEI Accession 0285904). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/vz7r-kc55. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Benthic Habitat Mapping for Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix 2010 publication https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/project/benthic-habitat-mapping-buck-island-reef-national-monument-st-croix/ HTTPS https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/project/benthic-habitat-mapping-buck-island-reef-national-monument-st-croix/ National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) project page information NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) website Institution web page information publisher documentDigital crossReference project Buck Island BIOMapper 2023 publication https://maps.coastalscience.noaa.gov/biomapper/biomapper.html?id=BUIS HTTPS https://maps.coastalscience.noaa.gov/biomapper/biomapper.html?id=BUIS Online tool to explore Buck Island benthic habitat mapping data information crossReference project Costa, B.M., S. Tormey, and T.A. Battista. 2012. 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Shallow-Water Benthic Habitats of the Republic of Palau. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 59, Biogeography Branch. Silver Spring, MD 2007 publication Battista, T.A. author Costa, B.M. author Anderson, S.M. author NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 59 crossReference sciencePaper Bauer, L.J., M.S. Kendall, A.G. Zitello, and T.A. Battista. 2010. Chapter 2: Benthic Habitats of Vieques, Puerto Rico. pp. 9-46. In: L.J. Bauer and M.S. Kendall (eds.). An Ecological Characterization of the Marine Resources of Vieques, Puerto Rico Part II: Field Studies of Habitats, Nutrients, Contaminants, Fish, and Benthic Communities. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 110. Silver Spring, MD. 174 pp. 2010-05 publication NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 110 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/717 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/717 NOAA NOS NCCOS Technical Memoradum information Bauer, L.J. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Kendall, M.S. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Zitello, A.G. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Battista, T.A. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author documentDigital NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 110 crossReference sciencePaper Clark, R.D., C.F.G. Jeffrey, K.K. Woody, and Z. Hillis-Starr. 2008. Spatial and temporal patterns of coral bleaching around Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. In Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium, Ft. 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Caldow, M.S. Kendall, M.E. Monaco, and Z. Hillis-Starr. 2008. Fish assemblages and benthic habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument (St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands) and the surrounding seascape: A characterization of spatial and temporal patterns. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 71. Silver Spring, MD. 96 pp. 2008-05 publication NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 71 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/493 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/493 NOAA NOS NCCOS Technical Memorandum information Pittman, S.J. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / University of the Virgin Islands author Hile, S.D. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Jeffrey, C.F.G. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Caldow, C. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Kendall, M.S. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Monaco, M.E. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Hillis-Starr, Z. US DOI; National Park Service author documentDigital NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 71 crossReference sciencePaper Pittman, S.J., S.D. Hile, C.F.G. Jeffrey, R. Clark, K. Woody, B.D. Herlach, C. Caldow, M.E. Monaco, and R. Appeldoorn. 2010. Coral reef ecosystems of Reserva Natural La Parguera (Puerto Rico): Spatial and temporal patterns in fish and benthic communities (2001-2007). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 107. Silver Spring, MD. 202 pp. 2010-04 publication NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 107 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/566 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/566 NOAA NOS NCCOS Technical Memorandum information Pittman, S.J. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / University of the Virgin Islands / Consolidated Safety Services author Hile, S.D. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Jeffrey, C.F.G. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Clark, R. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Woody, K. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author B.D. Herlach US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Caldow, C. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Monaco, M.E. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Appeldoorn, R. University of Puerto Rico; Department of Marine Sciences - Mayaguez author documentDigital NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 107 crossReference sciencePaper Whitall, D.R., B.M. Costa, L.J. Bauer, A. Dieppa, and S.D. Hile (eds.). 2011. A Baseline Assessment of the Ecological Resources of Jobos Bay, Puerto Rico. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 133. Silver Spring, MD. 188 pp. 2011-07 publication NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 133 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/669 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/669 NOAA NOS NCCOS Technical Memorandum information Whitall, D.R. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Costa, B.M. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Bauer, L.J. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author Dieppa, A. Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve author Hile, S.D. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment / Consolidated Safety Services author documentDigital NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 133 crossReference sciencePaper Zitello, A.G., L.J. Bauer, T.A. Battista, P.W. Mueller, M.S. Kendall, and M.E. Monaco. 2009. Shallow-Water Benthic Habitats of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 96. Silver Spring, MD. 53 pp. 2009-08 publication NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 96 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/543 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/543 NOAA NOS NCCOS Technical Memorandum information Zitello, A.G. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Bauer, L.J. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Battista, T.A. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Mueller, P.W. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Kendall, M.S. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author Monaco, M.E. US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment author documentDigital NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS 96 crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans imageryBaseMapsEarthCover biota -64.6880095 -64.5562588 17.7698818 17.8470072 2004-02-18 2011-08-30 Not all data used in the analysis process to create the final products in this archival package were submitted. The raw data used to generate the images found in directory 'GIS-Data_A_Imagery', and the imagery that was analyzed as part of the map validation referenced in the directory 'GIS-Data_B_Training_and_Validation-Data', were not included as part of the archival package. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. ESRI Layer File Geodatabase GeoTIFF PDF Shapefile 950.552 https://doi.org/10.25921/vz7r-kc55 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/285904 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/285904 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0221/0285904/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0285904 v1.1 was published. 2023-12-21T07:41:30Z NCEI Accession 0285904 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0285904/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0285904 v1.1 published 2023-12-21T07:41:30Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Imagery (measured); Units: multiple (meters, relative units); Observation Category: remotely sensed; Sampling Instrument: multibeam echosounder, light detection and ranging, aerial multispectral camera; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three types of technology and six sensors were used to map and characterize 98% of BIRNM’ seafloor. The remaining 2% of the Monument was not mapped because no readily available imagery existed. The technologies used for mapping include: (1) a passive, optical, multispectral aerial camera (Leica ADS40), (2) a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor (LADS Mark II), and (3) four Multibeam Echosounder (MBES) Sound Navigation and Ranging (SoNAR) sensors (Reson 8125, Reson 8101 extended range, Simrad 1002, Seabeam 2112). Passive optical sensors produce photographs of the area below the camera by measuring and recording sunlight (in the visible spectrum) that reflects off the land and seafloor. Unlike passive optical sensors, LiDAR sensors actively pulse light to measure the depth (i.e., bathymetry) and the relative reflectance (i.e., intensity) of the seafloor. Similarly, MBES are active sensors which emit sound (instead of laser light) to measure the depth (i.e., bathymetry) and physical properties (i.e., intensity) of the seafloor. The resulting seafloor images (i.e., bathymetry with units in meters and intensity with relative values and no units) are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers because they provide baseline information on the location, extent and physical composition of seafloor habitats.; Data Quality Method: The aerial imagery met the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Class I Standards (FGDC, 1998) at 1:24,000 scale, which translates into a root mean square error of approximately ± 5 m. The final true-color orthophotos were received as 8-bit GeoTiff files (.tif) in the North American Datum 1983 (NAD 83) State Plane Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Zone coordinate system. The LiDAR survey was conducted to meet International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1 uncertainty standards (IHO, 2008), which is ± 5 meters plus 5% of depth for horizontal uncertainty and ± the square root of [0.52 + (0.013 * depth)2] for vertical uncertainty. These equations translate into a maximum of approximately ± 7.5 m and ± 0.81 m of horizontal and vertical uncertainty, respectively. The MBES surveys were conducted to meet different uncertainty standards. The 2010 NOAA survey was conducted to meet IHO Order 1 uncertainty standards (IHO, 2008), which translates into a maximum of approximately ± 7.5 m and ± 0.82 m of horizontal and vertical uncertainty, respectively. The 2006 NOAA survey and the USGS survey were conducted to meet IHO Order 2 uncertainty standards, which is ± 20 meters plus 10% of depth for horizontal uncertainty and ± the square root of [1.02 + (0.023 * depth)2] for vertical uncertainty. For the 2006 NOAA survey, these equations translate into a maximum of approximately ± 120 m and ± 23 m of horizontal and vertical uncertainty, respectively. For the USGS survey conducted in BIRNM, these equations translate into a maximum of approximately ± 203 m and ± 42 m of horizontal and vertical uncertainty, respectively. The 2004 NOAA survey did not meet any of the IHO standards. All MBES bathymetry surfaces were corrected for sensor offsets, latency, roll, pitch, yaw, static draft, the influence of tides and the changing speed of sound in the water column. For the 2004, 2006 and 2010 NOAA surveys, backscatter surfaces were geometrically corrected for navigation attitude, transducer attitude and slant range distortion and radiometrically corrected for changes in acquisition gains, power levels, pulse widths, local seafloor slope and ensonification areas. For more information, see section 3.2 in Costa, B.M., S. Tormey, and T.A. Battista. 2012. Benthic Habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 142. Prepared by the NCCOS Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment Biogeography Branch. Silver Spring, MD. 64 pp. Online: https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e93stcroix/pdfs/benthichabitats_buckisland.pdf Parameter or Variable: Training and Validation Data (measured); Units: multiple (reflectance, benthic habitat types); Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: underwater multispectral cameras; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Training and validation data (i.e., georeferenced underwater photographs and videos) are needed to create and evaluate the accuracy of high-quality benthic habitat maps. Training data is used to develop the benthic habitat map by allowing the cartographer to: (1) Explore the benthic habitats present in the remotely sensed imagery; and (2) Verify that habitats correlated with particular remote sensing signatures remain consistent across the mapped area. Validation data is independent from the training data, and it used to evaluate the accuracy of the final benthic habitat map. Here, existing georeferenced underwater photographs and videos were used for training and validation purposes. This dataset was compiled from three sources: (1) National Coral Reef Monitoring (NCRMP) SCUBA diver transects and (2) NCCOS drop camera sites in shallow (<30 m) waters, as well as (3) NCCOS remotely operated vehicle (ROV) transects in moderate to deep waters (>150 to 1,800 m). These three datasets were collected over the course of seven years (2005-2011), and key habitats were identified and annotated visually by benthic experts. These experts grouped benthic communities in BIRNM based on their: 1) broad geographic zone, 2) geomorphological structure, 3) percent hardbottom, 4) dominant biological cover, and 5) percent of live coral cover. Habitat features were described by varying levels of detail (i.e., major and minor categories nested within them), so users could change the habitat map to best suit their research or management needs. In total, 198 unique combinations of zone, major structure, detailed structure, percent hardbottom, major cover, percent cover and live coral cover were identified from the multispectral, LiDAR and acoustic imagery.; Data Quality Method: The quality of the training and validation datasets differed because they were collected over seven years using different platforms. Consequently, each dataset was reviewed individually for completeness. Where needed, navigation or positional information was filtered to remove outliers, and underwater photographs and videos were reanalyzed and annotated to a common benthic habitat classification scheme. See section 2.1 for more information on the classification scheme and section 3.3.2 for more information on this post processing steps (in Costa, B.M., S. Tormey, and T.A. Battista. 2012. Benthic Habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 142. Prepared by the NCCOS Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment Biogeography Branch. Silver Spring, MD. 64 pp. Online: https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e93stcroix/pdfs/benthichabitats_buckisland.pdf Parameter or Variable: Benthic Habitat Maps (calculated); Units: percent cover of the seafloor; Observation Category: model output; Sampling Instrument: N/A; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three benthic habitat maps were develop describing the geology and biology of the seafloor in BIRNM from 0 to 1,830 meters. These three maps were created by delineating habitats visible in aerial photographs, lidar and multibeam echosounder imagery using ENVI's Feature Extraction (Fx) Module. The minimum polygon size for these habitat maps ranged from 100 square meters (in shallow <30 m depths) to 1000 square meters (in moderate 30 to 150 m depths) to 5,000 square meters (in deep >150 m depths). Additional habitat polygons were manually digitized if they were excluded during the feature extraction workflow. Classification and Regression Trees (CART) were used to classify these habitat polygons using georeferenced underwater video and photos collected using SCUBA divers, drop-cameras and ROVs. Major and detailed geomorphological structure, percent hardbottom, major and detailed biological cover and live coral cover were identified for each polygon.; Data Quality Method: The quality of these maps was evaluated in three ways. First, all three maps were edged matched by visually checking for clean and consistent linework and attribution on both sides of survey area boundaries. The cartographer took into account differing MMU’s, variable habitat signatures for different imagery types, and the range of imagery and training data acquisition dates when resolving discrepancies along these map borders. Second, the accuracy of the shallow map (<30 m depths) was quantified using an independent validation dataset. And third, the quality and relative accuracy all three maps were reviewed and confirmed by local experts. See section 3.3.3 for more information about developing and reviewing all three maps, and section 4 for more information about validating the shallow water map (in Costa, B.M., S. Tormey, and T.A. Battista. 2012. Benthic Habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 142. Prepared by the NCCOS Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment Biogeography Branch. Silver Spring, MD. 64 pp. Online: https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e93stcroix/pdfs/benthichabitats_buckisland.pdf asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian camera camera An instrument for recording images. LIDAR LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging Remote sensing instrument with laser and receiver that uses time, strength and polarization of return to determine characteristics of target. multibeam sonar multibeam sonar generic instrument to measure seafloor topography Active sensors that utilize acoustic energy to collect measurements of seafloor depth and character (from http://www.csc.noaa.gov/crs/rs_apps/sensors/multi_beam.htm (last accessed 2008-12-09). Seafloor topography, bathymetry and other related geophysical data are usually managed and archived at the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center (www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/). photograph photograph still images used as the basis for making parameter determinations NOAA Ship Nancy Foster Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Environmental) DOB: May 1991 IMO: 8993227 Former Name: Agate Pass (YTT-12) (2002) NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown Updated information from ICES for UNITED STATES platform Ronald H. Brown Flag : UNITED STATES - US (ISO Country Code) Call Sign : WTEC Title : NOAA Ship Platform Class : Research vessel IMO : 9105786 Pennant : R 104 Commissioned Date : 1997-07-19 Current Length : 83.5 Built : 1997 Information Source : http://www.moc.noaa.gov/rb/index.html (URL) Lloyds URL : http://www.seasearcher.com/lmiu/vessels/overview.htm?vesselID=277516 *General Comments:* Name RESEARCHER II planned during build was never used.