gov.noaa.nodc:0190879 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-05-16T15:50:30Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Marine Debris Survey and Removal Efforts in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands from 1999 to 2021 (NCEI Accession 0190879) 2019-07-03 publication 2024-03-19 revision 2019-06-28 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0190879 NCEI Archive Management System 0190879 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Lori Luers NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information resourceProvider Joao Garriques NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division joao.garriques@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information pointOfContact Michael Akridge NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division michael.akridge@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information collaborator Kevin Trick NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division kevin.trick@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information collaborator Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information author NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/ecosystem_sciences/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The marine debris data included in this dataset are from annual in-water surveys conducted from 1999 to 2021 at the reefs, atolls and islands in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) by the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) with funding from Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM), and NOAA's Marine Debris (MDP) and Damage Assessment Remediation and Restoration (DARRP) Programs. These surveys and removal efforts of marine debris were conducted primarily during ship-based missions to the NWHI, and also as fly-in missions. During a mission, surveys were conducted by divers based on small boats launched either from a ship or from the shore. Two survey methods were used to search for marine debris; tow and swim surveys. Tow surveys were used in the relatively even-depth (usually less than 10 meters deep), contiguous backreef habitats, typically at Midway Atoll, Kure Atoll and Pearl and Hermes Atoll. Two free-divers were towed behind a small boat to search for debris throughout the water column. Swim surveys were used primarily in the comparatively high-relief and patchy lagoonal reef habitats of Maro Reef and Pearl and Hermes Atoll. During swim surveys, two or more snorkelers swam across the reefs to search for debris while being directed by the small boats to follow pre-planned routes. Survey areas and routes were chosen based on regional reef morphology and past debris accumulation records. During a survey, if debris larger than 0.012 cubic meters (size of a small toolbox) was encountered, descriptive information about the debris and its location (i.e., type, color, size, biofouling, estimated depth, substrate composition/color) were recorded and a GPS waypoint was taken. Debris was removed if determined to be safe to do so and without causing damage to the surrounding coral reef habitat. Once removed, the volume of removed debris was estimated and recorded. At the end of the survey or if the small boat reached its capacity, the boat returned to the ship or to the shore and the boats debris load was weighed and recorded. Up to 4 small boats in one day concurrently conducted surveys during a mission. The purpose of the marine debris survey and removal efforts in Northwestern Hawaiian Islands is to mitigate entanglement threats to wildlife, in particular to the critically endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) and the threatened green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) and to reduce the impact on coral reef habitats. The Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM) includes the 1200 nautical mile chain of atolls and islets known as the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) that are geographically positioned as a repository for marine debris. Marine debris circulates within the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre until it encounters the atolls of the NWHI. The Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) has conducted both ship- and shore-based missions in the NWHI to survey for and remove derelict fishing gear and many other types of marine debris. Exploratory and opportunistic efforts began in 1996 that eventually evolved into annual cruises deployed up to 4 months at a time with a team of up to 18 personnel. The efforts prior to 1999 were focused on the removal of the marine debris, therefore data collection was inconsistent and not standardized. These marine debris missions have been supported by several agencies over the years, including PMNM, NOAA Marine Debris Program (MDP), NOAA Damage Assessment Remediation and Restoration Program (DARRP), and the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP). ESD has removed derelict fishing gear and other marine debris from Pearl and Hermes Atoll (PHR), Midway Atoll (MID), Kure Atoll (KUR), Lisianski Island (LIS), Maro Reef (MAR), and French Frigate Shoals (FFS). Funding Agency: Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Funding Agency: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program Funding Agency: US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Office of Response and Restoration completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0190879 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0190879 Preview graphic PNG 0190879 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2024-03-11 publication DEBRIS theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS scale swimmer/diver instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette NOAA Ship Townsend Cromwell platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) CORAL REEF STUDIES project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS North Pacific Ocean Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center dataCentre Contributing Organizations DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC/ESD > Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 1014 1224 20497 Marine Debris Survey and Removal from the Northwest Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) Marine Debris Survey and Removal from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI): Maintenance Mode Marine debris removal and assessment of debris accumulation rates in the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument Marine debris removal from NWHI Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine Debris Removal, Research, and Outreach project CRCP Project Geographic Information > Marine Debris theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Damage Assessment > Marine Debris theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Derelict Fishing Gear theme Provider Keywords Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian OSCAR ELTON SETTE (call sign: WTEE, ICES code: 33OC, 2003-) TOWNSEND CROMWELL (ICES code: 31TC) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes F/V Ocean Fury M/V Casitas R/V Freebird R/V Katmai USCG Walnut platform Provider Platform Keywords COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Gardner Pinnacles (25N168W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Necker Island (23N164W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Gardner Pinnacles (25N168W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Necker Island (23N164W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NWHI Northwestern Hawaiian Islands place Provider Place Names DN26MJ Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2019). Marine Debris Survey and Removal Efforts in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands from 1999 to 2021 (NCEI Accession 0190879). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0190879. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: Marine Debris Survey and Removal Efforts in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands from 1999 to 2021, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25089. 2024 publication gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:25089 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25089 HTTPS https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25089 InPort Metadata Record information NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (NMFS/PIFSC) publisher tableDigital crossReference eng; USA utf8 environment -178.37245 -166.11265 23.64915667 28.45414778 1999-10-11 2021-09-12 In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. CSV 3.976 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0190879 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/190879 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/190879 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0140/0190879/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0190879 v1.1 was published. 2019-07-03T19:11:58Z NCEI Accession 0190879 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0190879/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0190879 v1.1 published 2019-07-03T19:11:58Z download NCEI Accession 0190879 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2024-03-19T16:47:43Z NCEI Accession 0190879 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0190879/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0190879 v2.2 published 2024-03-19T16:47:43Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: DEBRIS (measured); Units: unitless; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Two survey methods were used to search for marine debris; tow and swim surveys. During tow surveys, two free-divers were towed behind a small boat at speeds of 1-2 knots on a towboard (underwater wing) to search for debris and derelict fishing gear in the water column or snagged on the reef. The boat conducts a “lawn-mowing pattern” back and forth across the reef. Divers hold their breath, submerge below the surface and conduct a back-and-forth pattern across the reef visually scanning for marine debris. These surveys cover areas that include depths of ~0.5-10 m over hard or mixed (hard and soft) substrate. Divers measure water visibility at the start and end of each operational day. A minimum visibility of 7.5 m is required to conduct tow surveys. The swim/snorkel survey method was developed as a necessary alternative to survey reef areas that were too difficult to survey effectively with the tow method, such as lagoons or reticulated reefs that were too shallow, too irregular, or contained high-relief features. During swim surveys, two or more snorkelers swam across the reefs to search for debris while being directed by the small boats to follow pre-planned routes and to maximize survey area coverage. Parameter or Variable: DEBRIS (measured); Units: kg; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: scale; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At the end of a survey (or when the small boat reaches carrying capacity), the small boat returns to the parent vessel or the operations center on land collected debris for the small boat is weighed and recorded. Up to 4 small boats in one day concurrently conducted surveys during a mission.; Data Quality Method: This is NOT the weight of the individual debris item that is part of the boat load, but rather it is the weight of the entire boat load that includes all debris records removed by that boat on that day for that load. If 4 boats surveyed in one day and each had 1 load only, there should be 4 unique weight loads for that survey day. Parameter or Variable: DEBRIS (measured); Units: cubic meters; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: The volume of marine debris removed was visually estimated and recorded at the time of removal.; Data Quality Method: Volume does not reflect in-water measurements (i.e., volume does not equal observed length x observed average width x observed average height). Volume = 0 if debris was not removed. Parameter or Variable: DEBRIS (measured); Units: meter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: swimmer/diver; Sampling and Analyzing Method: The size (longest length, average width, and average height) of each marine debris item, as found in the water, was measured and recorded.; Data Quality Method: May be NULL if the debris was buried or could not be removed, or was opportunistically collected outside the designated survey area. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian scale scale An instrument for measuring mass or weight. swimmer/diver swimmer/diver not an instrument - use as observation type NOAA Ship Oscar Elton Sette Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel; Ice Strengthened DOB: Aug 1988 IMO: 8835097 Former Name: ADVENTUROUS (2003) http://www.moc.noaa.gov/os/index.html Submitted to ICES on 2013-12-18. NOAA Ship Townsend Cromwell Name: NOAAS Townsend Cromwell (R 443) Namesake: Previous name retained Acquired: Transferred from Bureau of Commercial Fisheries 1975 Commissioned: June 1975 Decommissioned: 10 October 2002 Homeport: Honolulu, Hawaii Identification: IMO number: 7309546 MMSI number: 303938000 (as Lau Trader) Callsign: 3DTT (as Lau Trader) Fate: Transferred to the Government of American Samoa 2002 Served as New Zealand private yacht MV Townsend Cromwell 2003-2009 Became Fijian passenger-cargo ship MV Lau Trader 2009 See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOAAS_Townsend_Cromwell_(R_443)