noaa-model-9818 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-03-11 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Support for Global Climate Reorganization During the MCA 2010-11-15 publication doi:10.25921/p6pa-t589 noaa-model-9818 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Graham, N.E. originator Graham, N.E. author Ammann, C.M. originator Ammann, C.M. author Fleitmann, D. originator Fleitmann, D. author Cobb, K.M. originator Cobb, K.M. author Luterbacher, J. originator Luterbacher, J. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Paleoclimatology Modeling. The data include parameters of paleoclimatic modeling with a geographic location of Global. The time period coverage is from Unavailable begin date to Unavailable end date in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Computer simulations of past climate. Variables provided as model output are described by parameter keyword. In some cases the parameter keywords are a subset of all archived model output, and additional output is available upon request. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-model.png Paleoclimatology - Modeling PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling earth science > paleoclimate > model > atmosphere model theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Medieval Warm Period theme What: sea level pressure; Material: null What: temperature; Material: null What: latitude; Material: null What: temperature; Material: null What: precipitation; Material: null What: longitude; Material: null What: precipitation; Material: null What: sea level pressure; Material: null theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Geographic Region > Global > Global > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Graham, N.E.; Ammann, C.M.; Fleitmann, D.; Cobb, K.M.; Luterbacher, J. (2010-11-15): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Support for Global Climate Reorganization During the MCA. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/p6pa-t589. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Support for global climate reorganization during the "Medieval Climate Anomaly" 2011 publication Graham, N.E., C.M. Ammann, D. Fleitmann, K.M. Cobb and J. Luterbacher author Climate Dynamics publisher https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0914-z HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2011 Graham, N.E., C.M. Ammann, D. Fleitmann, K.M. Cobb and J. Luterbacher, 2011: Support for global climate reorganization during the "Medieval Climate Anomaly". Climate Dynamics, 37, 1217–1245, 10.1007/s00382-010-0914-z information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Paleo date information not available. -180 180 -90 90 1950 STUDY NOTES: Model output for the IOWP25 Medieval Climate Anomaly simulation from Graham et al. 2010, in netCDF format. Files and contents are as follows: pcp_ratio_djfm.nc: Ratio of December–March precipitation, IOWP25/CNTL (expressed as fraction of CNTL), as plotted in Fig. 6. slp_diff_djfm.nc: Differences in December–March Sea Level Pressure (hPa) IOWP25 - CNTL, as plotted in Fig. 6. tdiff_djfm.nc: Differences in December–March temperature between the IOWP25 and CNTL simulations (C), as plotted in Fig. 7. pcp_ratio_jjas.nc: IOWP25-CNTL ratio of summer (June-September) precipitation (expressed as fraction of CNTL), as plotted in Fig. 8 slp_diff_jjas.nc: IOWP25-CNTL differences in summer (June-September) Sea Level Pressure, as plotted in Fig. 8. tdiff_jjas.nc: Differences in June–September temperature (IOWP25-CNTL) as plotted in Fig. 9 graham-2010-fig5-corrected.gif: corrected version of figure 5, updated 28 October 2010 (An incorrect version of Figure 5 was published in Graham et al. 2010). ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Widely distributed proxy records indicate that the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ~900-1350 AD) was characterized by coherent shifts in large-scale Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation patterns. Although cooler sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific can explain some aspects of medieval circulation changes, they are not sufficient to account for other notable features, including widespread aridity through the Eurasian sub-tropics, stronger winter westerlies across the North Atlantic and Western Europe, and shifts in monsoon rainfall patterns across Africa and South Asia. We present results from a full-physics coupled climate model showing that a slight warming of the tropical Indian and western Pacific Oceans relative to the other tropical ocean basins can induce a broad range of the medieval circulation and climate changes indicated by proxy data, including many of those not explained by a cooler tropical Pacific alone. Important aspects of the results resemble those from previous simulations examining the climatic response to the rapid Indian Ocean warming during the late twentieth century, and to results from climate warming simulations - especially in indicating an expansion of the Northern Hemisphere Hadley circulation. Notably, the pattern of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) change responsible for producing the proxy-model similarity in our results agrees well with MCA-LIA SST differences obtained in a recent proxy-based climate field reconstruction. Though much remains unclear, our results indicate that the MCA was characterized by an enhanced zonal Indo-Pacific SST gradient with resulting changes in Northern Hemisphere tropical and extra-tropical circulation patterns and hydroclimate regimes, linkages that may explain the coherent regional climate shifts indicated by proxy records from across the planet. The findings provide new perspectives on the nature and possible causes of the MCA - a remarkable, yet incompletely understood episode of Late Holocene climatic change. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/p6pa-t589 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/9818 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoclimatology-modeling HTTPS Information NCEI Paleoclimatology Modeling Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/tdiff_jjas.nc HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/tdiff_djfm.nc HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/slp_diff_jjas.nc HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/slp_diff_djfm.nc HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/readme-graham2010.txt HTTPS Download /gcmoutput/graham2010/readme-graham2010.txt Readme download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/pcp_ratio_jjas.nc HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/graham2010/pcp_ratio_djfm.nc HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21