gov.noaa.nodc:0312787 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-24T13:26:49Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Water temperature, acoustic travel time, pressure, and currents taken by current and pressure recording inverted echo sounders as part of the Southern Ocean Fronts and Eddies Project (SOFE) in the Southern Ocean from 2021-11-13 to 2025-11-28 (NCEI Accession 0312787) 2026-03-10 publication 2026-02-24 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/z3s3-dt59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0312787 NCEI Archive Management System 0312787 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Maureen Kennelly University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) mkennelly@uri.edu resourceProvider University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) resourceProvider Maureen Kennelly University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) mkennelly@uri.edu pointOfContact Kathleen Donohue University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) kdonohue@uri.edu principalInvestigator Donohue, Kathleen University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography author Watts, D. Randolph University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography http://ww2.uri.edu/ HTTP University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) website Institution web page information author Chae, Jeong-Yeob University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography author Kennelly, Maureen University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography mkennelly@uri.edu author University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) contributor tableDigital The goal of the Southern Ocean Fronts and Eddies project (SOFE) is to measure and diagnose ocean eddy heat fluxes in the lee of the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). This location stands out as one of the major ACC eddy flux hot spots and as a region where the three ACC fronts converge closely together as they encounter the ridge complex.To achieve this goal, a coherent array of 16 current and pressure recording inverted echo sounders (CPIES) was deployed in the southernmost ACC front in November 2021 and recovered in 2025. The CPIES data are the highest quality versions with the least amount of processing. The collection and processing of the data are described in the report provided. Data are in NetCDF. The goal of the Southern Ocean Fronts and Eddies project (SOFE) is to measure and diagnose ocean eddy heat fluxes in the lee of the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Funding Agency: Korea Polar Research Institute Funding Agency: U.S. National Science Foundation completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0312787 Preview graphic PNG 0312787 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2026-02-17 publication ACOUSTIC TRAVEL TIME CURRENT METER - EAST-WEST COMPONENT (U) CURRENT METER - NORTH-SOUTH COMPONENT (V) HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS inverted echo sounder (IES) pressure sensor instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ physical profile theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS Araon moorings platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS South Pacific Ocean Southern Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication URI/GSO > Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN CURRENTS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > WATER PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian IES > Inverted Echo Sounders PRESSURE SENSORS > PRESSURE SENSORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Doppler current sensor instrument Provider Instruments MOORINGS Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian ARAON (call sign: DSQL7, ICES code: 24HU, 2009-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian GYHWYJ Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Donohue, Kathleen; Watts, D. Randolph; Chae, Jeong-Yeob; Kennelly, Maureen (2026). Water temperature, acoustic travel time, pressure, and currents taken by current and pressure recording inverted echo sounders as part of the Southern Ocean Fronts and Eddies Project (SOFE) in the Southern Ocean from 2021-11-13 to 2025-11-28 (NCEI Accession 0312787). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/z3s3-dt59. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. license This dataset is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. SPDX License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) SOFE CPIES Data Report 2026 publication https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/physical_oceanography_techrpts/40/ HTTPS https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/physical_oceanography_techrpts/40/ User guide information crossReference userGuide Inverted Echo Sounder Data Processing Manual 2026 publication https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/physical_oceanography_techrpts/2/ HTTPS https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/physical_oceanography_techrpts/2/ User guide information crossReference userGuide eng; USA utf8 environment oceans 148.929 150.645 -56.527 -55.626 2021-11-13 2025-11-28 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 48.816 https://doi.org/10.25921/z3s3-dt59 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/312787 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/312787 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0243/0312787/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0312787 v1.1 was published. 2026-03-10T14:03:41Z NCEI Accession 0312787 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0312787/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0312787 v1.1 published 2026-03-10T14:03:41Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE (measured); Units: dbar; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: pressure sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Water pressure at the seafloor. Pressure sensor is housed inside inverted echo sounder on a rigid anchor stand. Hourly average of two measurements taken at 30 minute intervals. An exponential-linear curve was fitted to determine instrumental drift. The drift curve was subtracted from the measurements.; Data Quality Method: Highest quality version after the least amount of processing. Parameter or Variable: ACOUSTIC TRAVEL TIME (measured); Units: seconds; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: inverted echo sounder (IES); Sampling and Analyzing Method: A single representative travel time measurement was determined from a burst of 24 pings taken during each hour using a modified quartile method. Each burst of travel time measurements is windowed twice to remove outliers and reduce measurement noise The representative travel time measurement for each hour is then determined as the average of a few measurements surrounding the first quartile value of the remaining travel time measurements.; Data Quality Method: Highest quality version after the least amount of processing. Parameter or Variable: WATER TEMPERATURE (measured); Units: degrees Celsius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: pressure sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Temperature quartz crystal integral to the pressure sensor inside the glass housing of an inverted echo sounder. Hourly average of two measurements taken at 30 minute intervals.; Data Quality Method: Highest quality version after least amount of processing. Parameter or Variable: CURRENT METER - EAST-WEST COMPONENT (U) (measured); Units: centimeters/second; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Doppler current sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Hourly average of two measurements taken at 30 minute intervals. Current sensor was tethered 50 m above the CPIES with flotation. Measured current directions were adjusted for magnetic declination. Measured speeds were corrected for sound speed by multiplying by a speed of sound correction factor.; Data Quality Method: CPIES currents are highest quality with least amount of processing. Parameter or Variable: CURRENT METER - NORTH-SOUTH COMPONENT (V) (measured); Units: centimeters/second; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Doppler current sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Hourly average of two measurements taken at 30 minute intervals. Current sensor was tethered 50 m above the CPIES with flotation. Measured current directions were adjusted for magnetic declination. Measured speeds were corrected for sound speed by multiplying by a speed of sound correction factor.; Data Quality Method: CPIES currents are highest quality with least amount of processing. Parameter or Variable: WATER TEMPERATURE (measured); Units: degrees Celsius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Doppler current sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Temperature sensor inside the metal housing of the Doppler current sensor. Hourly average of two measurements taken at 30 minute intervals.; Data Quality Method: Highest quality with least amount of processing. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian inverted echo sounder (IES) inverted echo sounder (IES) A ocean bottom-moored instrument that measures the vertical acoustical travel time round-trip from the sea floor to the sea surface and back. pressure sensor pressure sensor GCMD instruments - In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Pressure/Height Meters > PRESSURE SENSORS ASFA Thesaurus - pressure sensors http://www4.fao.org/asfa/asfa.htm Araon Platform Class : 31 Research vessel Commissioned Date : 2009 Built : 2009 IMO : 9490935 MMSI: 441619000 Current Length : 109.5 Notes : Icebreaker Information Sources : http://www.go-ship.org/Docs/AraonBrochure.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RV_Araon http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=1767563 https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/details/ships/shipid:674189/mmsi:441619000/imo:9490935/vessel:ARAON moorings entry created as MOORINGS OF UNITED STATES, but has been used as a generic MOORINGS entry.