{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Andrew T. Leaf", "hasEmail": "mailto:aleaf@usgs.gov"}, "description": "The model simulates two-dimensional groundwater flow and base flow in streams in the \nGreat Divide Unit of the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest using the analytic element \nprogram GFLOW (Haitjema, 1995). Significant streams and lakes in the model domain \nare represented at varying levels of detail as linesink elements fully connected to the \ngroundwater system. The highest level of detail is given to surface water features within \nthe Forest Unit, while greatly simplified features around the perimeter of the model provide \na boundary condition for the groundwater flow system. Groundwater discharge to the \nlinesinks is computed, and routed through the surface water network as base flow. \nRecharge to the groundwater system was obtained from a separate soil-water-balance \n(SWB) model, which uses topography, soils, land use, and climatic data to estimate \nrecharge as deep drainage from the soil zone. Estimated average annual recharge \nrates were supplied to the GFLOW model on a regular 1-km grid covering the model \ndomain, using the Hybrid GFLOW-MODFLOW feature of GFLOW.\nThe model was calibrated to groundwater levels, interpreted lake stages, and estimated \nannual base flows in streams, \\with an emphasis on data collected since 1970. Parameters \nrepresenting hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge, and surface water bed-sediment \nresistance were adjusted using the parameter estimation program PEST, to produce simulated \ngroundwater levels and base flow estimates that agree with field measurements, and input \nparameter values that are consistent with previous studies and the conceptual understanding \nof the area. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output for the simulations \ndescribed in the published report, which can be found in the main directory of this data release.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/F708648W", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.5ef4181f-e2fc-48f1-9261-5d4a445b4286.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_5ef4181f-e2fc-48f1-9261-5d4a445b4286", "keyword": ["Ashland County", "Bayfield County", "Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest", "Copper Falls Formation", "GFLOW", "Great Divide Unit", "Groundwater", "Groundwater Model", "InlandWaters", "Iron County", "PEST", "Price County", "Sawyer County", "Soil-Water-Balance Code", "USGS:5ef4181f-e2fc-48f1-9261-5d4a445b4286", "Wisconsin", "environment", "geoscientificInformation", "inlandWaters", "usgsgroundwatermodel"], "modified": "2020-11-17T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-91.388578, 45.794124, -90.226789, 46.444327", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "GFLOW model used to characterize the groundwater resources of the Great Divide Unit of the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, Wisconsin"}