gov.noaa.nodc:0142327 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-03-26T06:17:36Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients collected from profile, discrete sampling, and time series observations using CTD, Niskin bottle, and other instruments from R/V Gulf Challenger near a buoy off the coast of New Hampshire, U.S. in the Gulf of Maine from 2011-01-11 to 2015-11-18 (NCEI Accession 0142327) 2016-02-17 publication 2016-02-12 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.7289/v5fq9tpp NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0142327 NCEI Archive Management System 0142327 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Christopher W. Hunt University of New Hampshire (UNH) chunt@unh.edu resourceProvider University of New Hampshire (UNH) resourceProvider Joseph Salisbury University of New Hampshire (UNH) Joe.Salisbury@unh.edu principalInvestigator Douglas Vandemark University of New Hampshire (UNH) doug.vandemark@unh.edu principalInvestigator Christopher Hunt University of New Hampshire (UNH) chunt@unh.edu collaborator Salisbury, Joseph E. University of New Hampshire (UNH) author Vandemark, Douglas University of New Hampshire (UNH) doug.vandemark@unh.edu author Hunt, Christopher W. University of New Hampshire (UNH) author University of New Hampshire (UNH) contributor tableDigital This dataset contains discrete measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients collected at the buoy off the coast of New Hampshire in the years 2011-2015. University of New Hampshire, in conjunction with NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, has been operating a buoy off the coast of New Hampshire since 2006. To validate buoy measurements Funding Information: NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Time-series Assessments of Ocean Acidification and Carbon System Properties in the Western Gulf of Maine, OAP15.01.EPIO.005) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0142327 Preview graphic PNG 0142327 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-02-12 publication DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) DISSOLVED OXYGEN NITRATE NITRITE pH phosphate silicate total alkalinity theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) analyzer nutrient autoanalyzer titrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS discrete sample profile time series theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS GULF CHALLENGER platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS University of New Hampshire dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of New Hampshire dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NODC Ocean Acidification Scientific Data Stewardship (OADS) US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS East Coast - US/Canada Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication 33GC20110111 33GC20110603 33GC20110608 33GC20110706 33GC20110725 33GC20110808 33GC20110817 33GC20110830 33GC20111012 33GC20120111 33GC20120406 33GC20120611 33GC20120618 33GC20120703 33GC20120914 33GC20121024 33GC20121106 33GC20130103 33GC20130128 33GC20130318 33GC20130415 33GC20130501 33GC20130521 33GC20130626 33GC20130815 33GC20140212 33GC20140421 33GC20140812 33GC20141104 33GC20150313 33GC20150325 33GC20150402 33GC20150526 33GC20150605 33GC20150826 33GC20151007 33GC20151118 project EXPOCODE Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Discrete measurement Profile Time series theme OCADS Study Type DIC_umol/kg NO2_umol/kg NO3_umol/kg Oxygen_Discrete PO4_umol/kg SiO3_umol/kg TA pCO2 pH theme Provider Variable Abbreviations AUTOANALYZER > AUTOANALYZER CO2NDIR > Carbon Dioxide Nondispersive Infrared Analyzer instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian GULF CHALLENGER (ICES code: 33GC) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MAINE place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Appledore Island, New Hampshire Gulf of Maine place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Salisbury, Joseph E.; Vandemark, Douglas; Hunt, Christopher W. (2016). Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients collected from profile, discrete sampling, and time series observations using CTD, Niskin bottle, and other instruments from R/V Gulf Challenger near a buoy off the coast of New Hampshire, U.S. in the Gulf of Maine from 2011-01-11 to 2015-11-18 (NCEI Accession 0142327). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v5fq9tpp. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program Time Series and Coastal Cruises: Gulf of Maine 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/unh_ts.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/unh_ts.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project Global Coastal Program Data: North America East Coast 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/north_america_east.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Coastal/north_america_east.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -70.5774 -70.5357 43.0206 43.0554 2011-01-11 2015-11-18 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. 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Originator data format 0.36 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0142327.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.7289/v5fq9tpp HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/142327 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/142327 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0086/0142327/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0142327 v1.1 was published. 2016-02-17T21:54:10Z NCEI Accession 0142327 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0142327/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0142327 v1.1 published 2016-02-17T21:54:10Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC_umol/kg; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: Profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: none; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, borosilicate glass BOD bottle; Analyzing instrument: Apollo ScTech AS-C2; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Discrete samples were collected from Niskin bottles and transferred to sample bottles through silicone tubing to prevent bubbling. Samples for pH, total alkalinity, and DIC were transferred without bubbling into 60-ml or 125-ml glass BOD bottles with greased stoppers. These were filled to leave less than 1 % headspace in the bottle, preserved with 0.1 ml of saturated mercuric chloride solution, and immediately cooled. Samples for total alkalinity/pH and DIC were generally stored for several weeks before analysis, allowing for settling of particulate material, with the supernatant sample drawn for analysis. DIC was measured first from each sample bottle, followed sequentially by pH and TAlk. DIC of unfiltered water was determined using an automated analyzer built by Apollo SciTech (Bogart, GA). Immediately after opening the sample bottle, a digital syringe withdrew a small amount of sample (0.5 mL), acidified it with 10 % phosphoric acid and subsequently measured the evolved CO2 with a Li-Cor 6262 non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer; Standardization description: Certified seawater reference materials from Dr. A. Dickson were used to determine DIC concentration by preparing a calibration curve covering the range of DIC from 200 to 2000 ummol/kg, with a resulting precision ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 % (or 0.1-10 umol/kg ), with an average of ~0.1 % (2 umol/kg ).; Standardization frequency: daily; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: various; Preservation method: mercuric chloride; Preservative volume: 0.1 mL; Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: Profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, borosilicate glass BOD bottle; Analyzing instrument: Apollo SciTech AS-ALK2; Type of titration: Gran; Cell type (open or closed): Open; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Discrete samples were collected from Niskin bottles and transferred to sample bottles through silicone tubing to prevent bubbling. Samples for pH, total alkalinity, and DIC were transferred without bubbling into 60-ml or 125-ml glass BOD bottles with greased stoppers. These were filled to leave less than 1 % headspace in the bottle, preserved with 0.1 ml of saturated mercuric chloride solution, and immediately cooled. Samples for total alkalinity/pH and DIC were generally stored for several weeks before analysis, allowing for settling of particulate material, with the supernatant sample drawn for analysis. DIC was measured first from each sample bottle, followed sequentially by pH and TAlk. TAlk was measured by Gran titration (Gran 1952) with 0.1 N HCl using an automated titrator. This method adds an initial aliquot of acid to the sample in an open cell, generally lowering the sample pHNBS below 3, and then adds subsequent aliquots of titrant until the pHNBS changes linearly with the volume of acid added. The TAlk endpoint is then obtained from linear regression of the change of pHNBS against the volume of acid added, according to a Gran transformation; Standardization description: Multiple analyses of the Dickson reference material resulted in a calculated precision of this method of about 0.1 % (or ~ plus/minus 2 mol kg-1 ). The accuracy of the TAlk utomated system, also calibrated with multiple batches of the Dickson CRM as discussed above, was plus/minus 3-4 umol kg-1.; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: various; Preservation method: mercuric chloride; Preservative volume: 0.1 mL; Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: pH; Abbreviation: pH; pH scale: NBS; Observation type: Profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, borosilicate glass BOD bottle; Analyzing instrument: AS_ALK2 with Orion 3-Star electrode, Thermo Fisher Inc.; Temperature of pH measurement: 24.4 oC; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: See above for sampling information. The pH electrode used in the TAlk titration (Orion 3-Star, Thermo Fisher Inc.) was calibrated using three low ionic strength pH buffers certified on the U.S. National Bureau of Standards (NBS) scale to plus/minus 0.01, and the initial reading before the addition of acid titrant was taken as the sample pHNBS (; Standardization description: 3 NBS standard plus/minus 0.01; Standardization frequency: daily; pH standard values: 4.01, 7.00, 10.01; Temperature of standardization: 24.4 oC; At what temperature was pH reported: 24.4 oC; Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: pCO2; Unit: uatm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Gas equilibrator; Analyzing instrument: Li-cor LI840; Equilibrator type: Flow to the shipboard flow-through system was pumped to an equilibrator, similar to that described by Wanninkhof and Thoning (1993), but consisting of three Plexiglas chambers instead of a single chamber. Equilibrated air was drawn out of the third chamber, while ambient air was drawn into the first chamber and passed through the second and third chambers, equilibrating with the pumped water supply at each step; Equilibrator volume: ~6l; Is the equilibrator vented or not: vented; Water flow rate: >10 l/min; Gas flow rate: 0.1 L/min; How was temperature inside the equilibrator measured: not measured; How was pressure inside the equilibrator measured: not measured; Drying method for gas: Nafion selectively permeable membrane (Perma Pure, Toms River NJ) with a counterflowing stream of dry nitrogen, which dried the sample gas stream of water vapor; SEA CO2 gas detector manufacturer: Li-cor; Standardization technique: The Li-cor was calibrated several times each survey with pure nitrogen (0 ppm CO2 molar fraction) and one span tank. Over the study period we employed a succession of span tanks containing a gas mixture with CO2 molar fraction between 819 and 851 ppm (Scott-Marin, Riverside, CA); Standardization frequency: daily; Standard gas manufacturer: Scott-Marrin; Standard gas concentration: various; Water vapor correction method: Dickson et al. 2007; Temperature correction method: Dickson et al. 2007; At what temperature was pCO2 reported: in-situ; Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: Discrete Oxygen; Abbreviation: Oxygen_Discrete; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, borosilicate glass Winkler bottle; Analyzing instrument: custom titrator; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Triplicate Winkler samples were collected from Niskin bottles without bubbling, and preserved with MnCl2/NaOH+NaI solution until analysis. Samples were titrated in the laboratory with sodium thiosulfate; Replicate information: triplicate; Method reference: http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_10/issue_1/0141.pdf; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: Nitrite Concentration; Abbreviation: NO2_umol/kg; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, acid-washed polypropylene vial; Analyzing instrument: Smartchem automated analyzer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Discrete nutrient samples (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate) were taken periodically, preserved with chloroform and frozen, and analyzed using a Smartchem automated analyzer (Westco Scientific) by standard colorimetric methods (Strickland and Parsons 1972); Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good, 3=Questionable; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: Nitrate Concentration; Abbreviation: NO3_umol/kg; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, acid-washed polypropylene vial; Analyzing instrument: Smartchem automated analyzer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Discrete nutrient samples (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate) were taken periodically, preserved with chloroform and frozen, and analyzed using a Smartchem automated analyzer (Westco Scientific) by standard colorimetric methods (Strickland and Parsons 1972); Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good, 3=Questionable; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: Silicate concentration; Abbreviation: SiO3_umol/kg; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, acid-washed polypropylene vial; Analyzing instrument: Smartchem automated analyzer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Discrete nutrient samples (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate) were taken periodically, preserved with chloroform and frozen, and analyzed using a Smartchem automated analyzer (Westco Scientific) by standard colorimetric methods (Strickland and Parsons 1972); Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good, 3=Questionable; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire Parameter or Variable: Phosphate concentration; Abbreviation: PO4_umol/kg; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle, acid-washed polypropylene vial; Analyzing instrument: Smartchem automated analyzer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Discrete nutrient samples (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate) were taken periodically, preserved with chloroform and frozen, and analyzed using a Smartchem automated analyzer (Westco Scientific) by standard colorimetric methods (Strickland and Parsons 1972); Quality flag convention: 1=Not Sampled, 2=Good, 3=Questionable; Researcher name: Joe Salisbury; Researcher institution: University of New Hampshire asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) analyzer Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) analyzer A known amount of seawater is dispensed into a stripping chamber where it is acidified and purged with an inert gas. The amount of CO2 in the resulting gas stream is determined with a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) carbon dioxide analyzer. nutrient autoanalyzer nutrient autoanalyzer Laboratory Instrument Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term describing an automated flow-thru system used to conduct analyses of several different nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) simultaneously from a seawater sample. For example: SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR Continuous Segmented Flow Analyzer titrator titrator titrator GULF CHALLENGER UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE