{"@type": "dcat:Dataset", "accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["011:21"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Open Data Office of Justice Programs (USDOJ)", "hasEmail": "mailto:opendata@usdoj.gov"}, "dataQuality": false, "description": "Beginning in the mid-1980s, the Office of Juvenile Justice\r\nand Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) funded the creation of Habitual\r\nOffender Units (HOUs) in 13 cities. HOUs were created to prosecute\r\nhabitual juvenile offenders by deploying the most experienced\r\nattorneys to handle these cases from start to finish. By targeting the\r\nearliest points in the career sequence of the juvenile offenders, the\r\ngreatest number of serious offenses can potentially be averted.\r\nSelection criteria to qualify for priority prosecution by an HOU\r\nusually encompassed one or more generic components relating to aspects\r\nof a juvenile's present and prior offense record. In Philadelphia, to\r\nbe designated a serious habitual offender and to qualify for priority\r\nprosecution by the HOU, a youth had to have two or more prior\r\nadjudications or open cases for specific felonies, as well as a\r\ncurrent arrest for a specified felony. The first three police contacts\r\nin a Philadelphia juvenile offender's record were of special interest\r\nbecause they included the earliest point (i.e., the third contact) at\r\nwhich a youth could be prosecuted in the Philadelphia HOU, under their\r\nselection criteria. The main objectives of this study were to\r\ndetermine how well the selection criteria identified serious habitual\r\noffenders and which variables, reflecting HOU selection criteria,\r\ncriminal histories, and personal characteristics, were most strongly\r\nand consistently related to the frequency and seriousness of future\r\njuvenile and young adult offending. To accomplish this, an assessment\r\nwas conducted using a group of juveniles born in 1958 whose criminal\r\ncareer outcomes were already known. Applying the HOU selection\r\ncriteria to this group made it possible to determine the extent to\r\nwhich the criteria identified future habitual offending. Data for the\r\nanalyses were obtained from a birth cohort of Black and white males\r\nborn in 1958 who resided in Philadelphia from their 10th through their\r\n18th birthdays. Criminal careers represent police contacts for the\r\njuvenile years and arrests for the young adult years, for which police\r\ncontacts and arrests are synonymous. The 40 dependent variables were\r\ncomputed using 5 different criminal career aspects for 4 crime type\r\ngroups for 2 age intervals. The data also contain various dummy\r\nvariables related to prior offenses, including type of offense, number\r\nof prior offenses, disposition of the offenses, age at first prior\r\noffense, seriousness of first prior offense, weapon used, and whether\r\nit was a gang-related offense. Dummy variables pertaining to the\r\ncurrent offenses include type of offense, number of crime categories,\r\nnumber of charges, number of offenders, gender, race, and age of\r\noffenders, type of intimidation used, weapons used, number of crime\r\nvictims, gender, race, and age of victims, type of injury to victim,\r\ntype of victimization, characteristics of offense site, type of\r\ncomplainant, and police response. Percentile of the offender's\r\nsocioeconomic status is also provided. Continuous variables include\r\nage at first prior offense, age at most recent prior offense, age at\r\ncurrent offense, and average age of victims.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02312.v1", "title": "Early Identification of the Serious Habitual Juvenile Offender Using a Birth Cohort in Philadelphia, 1958-1984"}], "identifier": "2786", "issued": "1998-10-15T00:00:00", "keyword": ["arrest records", "career criminals", "case processing", "criminal histories", "felony offenses", "intervention", "juvenile offenders", "prosecution", "recidivism prediction", "recidivists"], "language": ["eng"], "license": "http://www.usa.gov/publicdomain/label/1.0/", "modified": "2008-04-04T09:17:04", "programCode": ["011:060"], "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "National Institute of Justice", "subOrganizationOf": {"acronym": "OJP", "id": 22, "name": "Office of Justice Programs", "parentOrganization": {"acronym": "DOJ", "id": 10, "name": "Department of Justice"}, "parentOrganizationID": 10}}, "title": "Early Identification of the Serious Habitual Juvenile Offender Using a Birth Cohort in Philadelphia, 1958-1984"}