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        <gco:CharacterString>*This version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended for users to access the current version. Users should only access this superseded version for special cases, such as reproducing studies. If necessary, this version can be accessed by contacting NCEI.* The Hurricane Satellite (HURSAT) from derived International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) B1 observations provides a cohesive data set of historical tropical cyclone centered imagery for future analysis (such as forecast development, climate analysis, etc.). The B1 data are subsampled observations from the global constellation of geostationary satellites (GOES, Meteosat, GMS, and FY2 series) spanning 1978 through to present year. The data include infrared window, visible and other channels available from the satellite instruments. IBTrACS (International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship) best track locations of all global tropical cyclones were temporally interpolated to match the satellite data resolution. The satellite data were then gridded to 8km, with grid centers fixed on the tropical cyclone center of circulation at 3-hour intervals. This dataset also includes Hurricane Satellite (HURSAT) - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data, which is used to extend the HURSAT data set such that appling the Objective Dvorak technique (ODT) would be possible. AVHRR Global Area Coverage (GAC) data have a spatial resolution of 4km, which corresponds to the intended spatial resolution of the objective Dvorak technique. GAC digital image data is available in mapped mosaics, orbital swaths and brightness composties. The AVHRR is a 4/5 channel radiometer with spectral bands in the visible, near infrared, and thermal infrared. The AVHRR has remained a relatively stable instrument (i.e., similar sensor channels on each satellite) in polar orbit and provides at least twice daily observations of the entire globe from 1979 to present. The satellite data were gridded with grid centers fixed on the tropical cyclone center of circulation. Data include hurricanes from all tropical cyclone-prone basins in the world. Data for HURSAT B1 and HURSAT AVHRR are provided in a convenient NetCDF format which is self-documenting and follows standard storage and metadata conventions.</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="stratum">stratum</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2018</gco:Date>
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                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                            <gmd:URL>https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords</gmd:URL>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:name>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>AVHRR &gt; Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>AVHRR-2 &gt; Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-2</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>AVHRR-3 &gt; Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-3</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>VAS &gt; VISSR Atmospheric Sounder</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>JAMI &gt; Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SEVIRI &gt; Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES I-M IMAGER</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>VISSR-METEOSAT &gt; Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer (METEOSAT Series)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="instrument">instrument</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2018</gco:Date>
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                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)</gco:CharacterString>
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                      <gmd:onlineResource>
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                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords</gmd:URL>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
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                          <gmd:name>
                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                          <gmd:description>
                            <gco:CharacterString>The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
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            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-18 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-18</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-17 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-17</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-16 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-16</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-15 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-15</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-14 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-14</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-12 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-12</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-11 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-11</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-9 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-9</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-7 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-7</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-6 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-6</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA-5 &gt; National Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Administration-5</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>METOP-A &gt; Meteorological Operational Satellite - A</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>TIROS-N &gt; Television Infrared Observation Satellite-N</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-1 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 1</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-2 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 2</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-3 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 3</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-4 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 4</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-5 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 5</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-6 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 6</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-7 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 7</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-8 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 8</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-9 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 9</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-10 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 10</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-11 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 11</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GOES-12 &gt; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 12</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SMS-2 &gt; Synchronous Meteorological Satellite 2</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>METEOSAT-4 &gt; Meteosat Operational Programme 1 (MOP-1)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>METEOSAT-5 &gt; Meteosat Operational Programme 2 (MOP-2)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>METEOSAT-6 &gt; Meteosat Operational Programme 3 (MOP-3)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>METEOSAT-7 &gt; METEOSAT-7</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>METEOSAT-8</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GMS-1 &gt; Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-1</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GMS-2 &gt; Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-2</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GMS-3 &gt; Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-3</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GMS-4 &gt; Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-4</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>GMS-5 &gt; Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>MTSAT-1R &gt; Multi-functional Transport Satellite 1 Replacement</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="platform">platform</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                          <gmd:description>
                            <gco:CharacterString>The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.</gco:CharacterString>
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      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
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            <gco:CharacterString>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC &gt; National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI &gt; National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataCentre">dataCentre</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>1 km - &lt; 10 km or approximately .01 degree - &lt; .09 degree</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataResolution">dataResolution</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Horizontal Data Resolution Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gmd:URL>https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords</gmd:URL>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:orderingInstructions>
            </gmd:MD_StandardOrderProcess>
          </gmd:distributionOrderProcess>
          <gmd:distributorFormat>
            <gmd:MD_Format>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>XML</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:version gco:nilReason="missing" />
            </gmd:MD_Format>
          </gmd:distributorFormat>
          <gmd:distributorFormat>
            <gmd:MD_Format>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>netCDF</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:version>
                <gco:CharacterString>3</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:version>
            </gmd:MD_Format>
          </gmd:distributorFormat>
          <gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
            <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
              <gmd:onLine>
                <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                  <gmd:linkage>
                    <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ncdc:C01319/html/</gmd:URL>
                  </gmd:linkage>
                  <gmd:protocol>
                    <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:protocol>
                  <gmd:applicationProfile>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Landing Page</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:applicationProfile>
                  <gmd:name>
                    <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Dataset Landing Page</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:name>
                  <gmd:description>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Landing page for the dataset.</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:description>
                  <gmd:function>
                    <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                  </gmd:function>
                </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              </gmd:onLine>
            </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          </gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
          <gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
            <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
              <gmd:transferSize />
              <gmd:onLine>
                <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                  <gmd:linkage>
                    <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact</gmd:URL>
                  </gmd:linkage>
                  <gmd:protocol>
                    <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:protocol>
                  <gmd:applicationProfile>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Web Browser</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:applicationProfile>
                  <gmd:name>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Contact NCEI</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:name>
                  <gmd:description>
                    <gco:CharacterString>This dataset is not available online. Please contact NCEI to request the dataset.</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:description>
                  <gmd:function>
                    <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="offlineAccess">offlineAccess</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                  </gmd:function>
                </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              </gmd:onLine>
            </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          </gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
          <gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
            <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
              <gmd:onLine>
                <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                  <gmd:linkage>
                    <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/hurricane-satellite-data</gmd:URL>
                  </gmd:linkage>
                  <gmd:protocol>
                    <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:protocol>
                  <gmd:applicationProfile>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Information</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:applicationProfile>
                  <gmd:name>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Hurricane Satellite (HURSAT) Website</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:name>
                  <gmd:description>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Project page with dataset information.</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:description>
                  <gmd:function>
                    <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                  </gmd:function>
                </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              </gmd:onLine>
            </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          </gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
        </gmd:MD_Distributor>
      </gmd:distributor>
    </gmd:MD_Distribution>
  </gmd:distributionInfo>
  <gmd:dataQualityInfo>
    <gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
      <gmd:scope>
        <gmd:DQ_Scope id="datasetScope">
          <gmd:level>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset">dataset</gmd:MD_ScopeCode>
          </gmd:level>
          <gmd:extent xlink:href="#boundingExtent" />
        </gmd:DQ_Scope>
      </gmd:scope>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:statement>
            <gco:CharacterString>The HURSAT B1 data are created by merging the IBTrACS data (which provides positions of tropical cyclones) with the ISCCP B1 data (which are subsampled geostationary data). The IBTrACS positions of tropical cyclones are interpolated in time to match the geostationary image time. The geostationary data are then interpolated to a latitude/longitude grid centered on the cyclone center, using nearest neighbor. The resulting data are stored in netCDF files. Some cyclone centering techniques are applied to the data and their results are stored in the netCDF files as well. The HURSAT AVHRR data derive from NOAA POES constellation of AVHRRs flying since 1978 through 2009.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:statement>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:dataQualityInfo>
    <gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
      <gmd:scope>
        <gmd:DQ_Scope>
          <gmd:level>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="repository">repository</gmd:MD_ScopeCode>
          </gmd:level>
          <gmd:levelDescription>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeDescription>
              <gmd:other>
                <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:other>
            </gmd:MD_ScopeDescription>
          </gmd:levelDescription>
        </gmd:DQ_Scope>
      </gmd:scope>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:dateTime>
                <gco:DateTime>2015-04-22T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>