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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/941410da-0b7f-4ec6-a718-212194ced13f" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; NITRITE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/90aa8838-79bd-4b28-b518-8217e863c385" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; OXYGEN</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4433600b-f323-458a-b295-352f939aab6b" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; PH</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/0b513d8c-bfd3-44ee-976e-42757b8375a2" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; PHOSPHATE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/c91c8879-1b29-48e3-b4cd-a238af66cdaf" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN CHEMISTRY &gt; SILICATE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/46206e8c-8def-406f-9e62-da4e74633a58" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; OCEAN TEMPERATURE &gt; WATER TEMPERATURE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7e95b5fc-1d58-431a-af36-948b29fa870d" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; OCEANS &gt; SALINITY/DENSITY &gt; SALINITY</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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              <gmd:date>
                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
                  </gmd:date>
                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                      <gmd:address>
                        <gmd:CI_Address>
                          <gmd:city>
                            <gco:CharacterString>Greenbelt</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:city>
                          <gmd:administrativeArea>
                            <gco:CharacterString>MD</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:administrativeArea>
                        </gmd:CI_Address>
                      </gmd:address>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
                          </gmd:linkage>
                          <gmd:protocol>
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                          </gmd:function>
                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
                  </gmd:contactInfo>
                  <gmd:role>
                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Discrete measurement</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>OCADS Study Type</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>ALKW_02</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTDPRS</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Chl_a_CTD_Fluor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Chl_a_H-H_fresh</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Chl_a_Holm-Hansen_sF</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NH3_3</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NO2NO3_Tech_SF</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>NO2_Tech_SF</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>O2_CTD_mLL</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>O2_Winkler_Auto</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>PO4_Tech_SF</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Phaeo_H-H_fresh</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Phaeo_Holm-Hansen</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Salinity_CTD</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Salinity_Sal_PSS_Cal</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Secchi_Depth_bw</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SiO4_Tech_SF</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>TICW_01</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>Temp_CTD_1990</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>pH_CTD_cal-total</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>pH_insitu_total_p</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>pH_invitro_temp</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>pH_invitro_total_p</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Provider Variable Abbreviations</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/79f76e22-ae42-450d-8bed-d05a800f6ea0" xlink:actuate="onRequest">AUTOANALYZER &gt; AUTOANALYZER</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7aecabfb-0047-484f-8396-efc0da16bc20" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CO2 ANALYZERS &gt; CO2 ANALYZERS</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/01cc0beb-7c9a-40ed-ad86-0661b41aee53" xlink:actuate="onRequest">CTD &gt; Conductivity, Temperature, Depth</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/b79c7e06-cd07-442f-bf12-2019cd71c201" xlink:actuate="onRequest">NISKIN BOTTLES</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/ed79ec7b-a2df-4948-9877-b75e1fcb8782" xlink:actuate="onRequest">SALINOMETERS</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/aa953a14-4581-47f8-a5b3-c8dd50904ee0" xlink:actuate="onRequest">TEMPERATURE SENSORS &gt; TEMPERATURE SENSORS</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="instrument">instrument</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date>
                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
                  </gmd:date>
                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
                  </gmd:dateType>
                </gmd:CI_Date>
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              <gmd:edition>
                <gco:CharacterString>24</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:contactInfo>
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                      <gmd:address>
                        <gmd:CI_Address>
                          <gmd:city>
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                          </gmd:city>
                          <gmd:administrativeArea>
                            <gco:CharacterString>MD</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:administrativeArea>
                        </gmd:CI_Address>
                      </gmd:address>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
                          </gmd:linkage>
                          <gmd:protocol>
                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
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                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                      </gmd:onlineResource>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
                  </gmd:contactInfo>
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                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/1bb21d0f-bf48-42b5-8e09-cc0d58407e4a" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Ships</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="platform">platform</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                </gmd:CI_Date>
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              <gmd:edition>
                <gco:CharacterString>24</gco:CharacterString>
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                          <gmd:administrativeArea>
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                      </gmd:address>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>GCMD Keyword Forum Page</gco:CharacterString>
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                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                      </gmd:onlineResource>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
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                  <gmd:role>
                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/18BP" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Beluga II (ICES code: 18BP, 2011-)</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/18OL" xlink:actuate="onRequest">Coriolis II (call sign: CGDN, ICES code: 18OL, 2002-)</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/18HU" xlink:actuate="onRequest">HUDSON (call sign: CGDG, ICES code: 18HU, 1964-)</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/18MU" xlink:actuate="onRequest">M. PERLEY (call sign: CGMP, ICES code: 18MU, 2012-)</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/18MF" xlink:actuate="onRequest">MARTHA L. BLACK (call sign: CCGC, ICES code: 18MF, 1985-)</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/18TL" xlink:actuate="onRequest">TELEOST (call sign: CGCB, ICES code: 18TL, 1995-)</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="platform">platform</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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          </gmd:thesaurusName>
        </gmd:MD_Keywords>
      </gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/a4202721-0cba-4fa1-853f-890f146b04f9" xlink:actuate="onRequest">OCEAN &gt; ATLANTIC OCEAN &gt; NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/70c4057c-7ecc-4ff5-a6e6-5d5b0bb2af3b" xlink:actuate="onRequest">OCEAN &gt; ATLANTIC OCEAN &gt; NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN &gt; GULF OF ST LAWRENCE</gmx:Anchor>
          </gmd:keyword>
          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="place">place</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
          </gmd:type>
          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:title>
              <gmd:date>
                <gmd:CI_Date>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
                  </gmd:date>
                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
                  </gmd:dateType>
                </gmd:CI_Date>
              </gmd:date>
              <gmd:edition>
                <gco:CharacterString>24</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:edition>
              <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon;
Abbreviation: TICW_01;
Unit: umol / kg;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: measured;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: Vindta 3C (Marianda; Kiel; Germany) which includes a UIC CO2 coulometer detector CM5017O (emulator CM5011; UIC.; Joliet; USA);
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. Three mL of water was removed to allow room for thermal expansion and the sample was preserved within 30 minutes of collection with 0.250 mL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with rubber bands. The samples were stored at room temperature until on-shore laboratory analysis. The samples were analysed for DIC using a Vindta 3C fully automated system in conjunction with a coulometer (UIC Inc.) to quantify total CO2 purged from the acidified sample. Measurements of a Certified reference material seawater (CRMs; Scripps Oceanographic Institution) were used for calibrating DIC with each batch of 13 samples by duplicate CRM measurements;
Replicate information: Monoplicate sample / monoplicate measurement;
Standardization description: Referenced to duplicate measurement of CRM prior to each daily batch of DIC;
Standardization frequency: Each batch of 13 samples;
CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's Lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography (co2crms@ucsd.edu);
Preservation method: Mercuric chloride saturated solution;
Preservative volume: 0.250 ml per 500 ml sample bottle = 0.05%;
Preservative correction: None;
Uncertainty: 1 umol.kg;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp.; https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Handbook_2007/Guide_all_in_one.pdf</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity;
Abbreviation: ALKW_02;
Unit: umol / kg;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: measured;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: Vindta 3C (Marianda; Kiel; Germany);
Type of titration: Potentiometric multi point titration;
Cell type (open or closed): Close;
Curve fitting method: Gran point;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. Three mL of water was removed to allow room for thermal expansion and the sample was preserved within 30 minutes of collection with 0.250 mL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with rubber bands. The samples were stored at room temperature until on-shore laboratory analysis. TA in the sample was determined by Vindta 3C fully automated system using a cell potentiometric titration with a Metrohm Titrando dosing (Dosino 800) with pH combined Aquatrode plus Metrohm electrode (6.0253.100). The multi-point titration ; using 0.1 M HCl titrant containing 35 g of sodium chloride per litre of acid; was performed in a temperature controlled held at 25 ¬∞C with Gran determination. Measurements of a Certified reference material seawater (CRMs; Scripps Oceanographic Institution) were used for calibrating TA with each batch of 13 samples by duplicate CRM measurements.;
Replicate information: Monoplicate sample / monoplicate measurement;
Standardization description: Referenced to duplicate measurement of CRM prior to each daily batch of samples;
Standardization frequency: Each batch of 13 samples;
CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's Lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography;
Preservation method: Mercuric chloride saturated solution;
Preservative volume: 100 uL (0.02 % by volume);
Preservative correction: 0.250 ml per 500 ml sample bottle = 0.05%;
TA blank correction: Averages between 10-40 umol / kg;
Uncertainty: Assessed by computing the average standard deviation of duplicate water samples;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: This is method described in SOP 3a of Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pH;
Abbreviation: pH_invitro_total_p;
pH scale: Total scale;
Observation type: profile;
Measured or calculated: measured;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: Perkin Elmer Lambda 2 spectrophotometer with 10 cm pathlength cell;
Temperature of pH measurement: 25 degrees C;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. Three mL of water was removed to allow room for thermal expansion and the sample was preserved within 30 minutes of collection with 0.250 mL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with rubber bands. The samples were stored at room temperature until on-shore laboratory analysis.¬† Just prior to measurement; the bottles were equilibrated to 25 degrees C in a water bath then transferred using the drawing tube into 10 cm quartz cell in an Perkin Elmer Lambda 2 spectrophotometer. Following a blank measurement; 40 mL of a 2 milli-molar solution of purified m-cresol purple was added to the sample and the cell shaken to mix the dye solution. Absorbances were measured at 434; 578 and 730 nm and pH determined according to the method described in SOP 6b of Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 measurements (Dickson et al.; 2007).;
Replicate information: Monoplicate sample / duplicate measurement;
Standardization description: Referenced to duplicate measurements of a CRM before each daily batch of samples;
Standardization frequency: Each 13 samples;
pH standard values: According to CRM batch. Calculated from DIC and TA using CO2.SYS;
Temperature of standardization: 25 degrees C;
At what temperature was pH reported: 25 degrees C;
Uncertainty: Typically 0.003;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: SOP 6b; Dickson; AG; Sabine; CL and Cristian; JR (Eds.) 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurement.</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pressure;
Abbreviation: CTDPRS;
Unit: decibars;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: SeaBird Scientific pressure sensor; SBE Digiquartz 6000 m pressure sensor; integrated in the 9plus CTD housing;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: SeaBird Scientific 9plus CTD-Rosette system;
Replicate information: Primary and secondary sensors installed;
Uncertainty: standard deviation calculated from dual pressure sensors;
Quality flag convention: 1 = CTD not calibrated; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Interpolated over a pressure interval &gt; 2dbar; 7 = Despiked; 8 = Bottle pair did not trip correctly; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: https://www.seabird.com/profiling/sbe-911plus-ctd/family?productCategoryId=54627473769;
Researcher name: Charlie Bishop;
Researcher institution: Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: CHL-SENSOR insitu;
Abbreviation: Chl_a_CTD_Fluor;
Unit: mg/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - CHL-SENSOR insitu; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: 1 = CTD not calibrated; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Interpolated over a pressure interval &gt; 2dbar; 7 = Despiked; 8 = Not used; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Insitu fluorometer calbrated and part of the CTD package;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Chlorophyll A;
Abbreviation: Chl_a_H-H_fresh;
Unit: mg/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Chlorophyll A; Description - ; Preservative - none; Storage - not applicable;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: 1 = CTD not calibrated; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Interpolated over a pressure interval &gt; 2dbar; 7 = Despiked; 8 = Not used; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Holm-Hansen; O; CJ Lorenzen; RW Holmes; JD Strickland (1965) Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer; 30†: 3-15.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Chlorophyll A;
Abbreviation: Chl_a_Holm-Hansen_sF;
Unit: mg/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Chlorophyll A; Description - ; Preservative - frozen (-196); Storage - frozen (-80);
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: 1 = CTD not calibrated; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Interpolated over a pressure interval &gt; 2dbar; 7 = Despiked; 8 = Not used; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Holm-Hansen; O; CJ Lorenzen; RW Holmes; JD Strickland (1965) Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer; 30†: 3-15.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Ammonia;
Abbreviation: NH3_3;
Unit: mmol/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: Unfiltered;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Ammonia; Description - ; Preservative - frozen; Storage - frozen;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: 1 = CTD not calibrated; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Interpolated over a pressure interval &gt; 2dbar; 7 = Despiked; 8 = Not used; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Holm-Hansen; O; CJ Lorenzen; RW Holmes; JD Strickland (1965) Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer; 30†: 3-15.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Nitrite;
Abbreviation: NO2_Tech_SF;
Unit: mmol/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Nitrite; Description - ; Preservative - frozen (-196); Storage - frozen (-80);
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: American Public Health Association (1971) Standard Methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 13th edition; pp. 240-243; Washington D.C.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Nitrate;
Abbreviation: NO2NO3_Tech_SF;
Unit: mmol/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Nitrite; Description - ; Preservative - frozen (-196); Storage - frozen (-80);
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Armstrong; FAJ; CR Stearns; JDH Strickland (1967) The measurement of upwelling and subsequent biological processes by means of the Technicon Autoanalyzer and associated equipment. Deep-Sea Res 14(3) 381-389;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: O2;
Abbreviation: O2_CTD_mLL;
Unit: ml/l;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - O2; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Calibrated sensor as part of the CTD package;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: O2;
Abbreviation: O2_Winkler_Auto;
Unit: ml/l;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - O2; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Levy; E.M; C.C. Cunningham; C.D. Conrad and J.D. Moffat. 1977. A titration apparatus for the determination of dissolved Oxygen in seawater. J.Fish. Res. Board. Can. 34:2218-2220.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pH;
Abbreviation: pH_CTD_cal-total;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - pH; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: pH sensor; part of the CTD package; calibrated with lab measures;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pH;
Abbreviation: pH_insitu_total_p;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: See Analysis Description;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - pH; Description - ; Preservative - mercury chloride; Storage - room temp or refrigerated;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Dickson; AG; CL Sabine; JR Christian (eds) 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. PICES Special Publications 3; 191 pp./Lewis; E; and DWR Wallace (1998) CO2SYS-Program developed for CO2 system;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pH;
Abbreviation: pH_insitu_total_p;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: See Analysis Description;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - pH; Description - ; Preservative - mercury chloride; Storage - room temp or refrigerated;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Dickson; AG; CL Sabine; JR Christian (eds) 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. PICES Special Publications 3; 191 pp./Lewis; E; and DWR Wallace (1998) CO2SYS-Program developed for CO2 system;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pH_invitro_temp;
Abbreviation: pH_invitro_temp;
Unit: degreesC;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - pH_invitro_temp; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference:;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Phaeophytin;
Abbreviation: Phaeo_H-H_fresh;
Unit: mg/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Phaeophytin; Description - ; Preservative - none; Storage - not applicable;
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Holm-Hansen; O; CJ Lorenzen; RW Holmes; JD Strickland (1965) Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer; 30†: 3-15.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Phaeophytin;
Abbreviation: Phaeo_Holm-Hansen;
Unit: mg/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Phaeophytin; Description - ; Preservative - frozen (-196); Storage - frozen (-80);
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Holm-Hansen; O; CJ Lorenzen; RW Holmes; JD Strickland (1965) Fluorometric determination of chlorophyll. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer; 30†: 3-15.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Phosphate;
Abbreviation: PO4_Tech_SF;
Unit: mmol/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Phosphate; Description - ; Preservative - frozen (-196); Storage - frozen (-80);
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Murphy; J; JP Riley (1962) A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal Chim. Acta 27†: 30.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Salinity;
Abbreviation: Salinity_CTD;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: CTD;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Salinity; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Salinity;
Abbreviation: Salinity_Sal_PSS_Cal;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Salinity; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Autosal salinometer; calibrated against standard seawater.;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Secchi Depth;
Abbreviation: Secchi_Depth_bw;
Unit: m;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: secchi disk with black and white quarters; used to gauge water clarity by measuring the depth at which it is no longer visible from the surface;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - secchi_depth; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Silicate;
Abbreviation: SiO4_Tech_SF;
Unit: mmol/m3;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: CTD model; sensors and other details to be specified in comment section;
Analyzing instrument: AZMP sampling protocol;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Silicate; Description - ; Preservative - frozen (-196); Storage - frozen (-80);
Replicate information: Average of replicates;
Quality flag convention: "" = No QC Performed; 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Strickland; JDH; TR Parsons (1972) A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis; second edition. Fish Res Board Can; Bulletin 167; 310 pp;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Temperature;
Abbreviation: Temp_CTD_1990;
Unit: Deg.C;
Observation type: profile;
Sampling instrument: CTD;
Analyzing instrument: CTD;
Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Name - Temperature; Description - ; Preservative - not applicable; Storage - not applicable;
Quality flag convention: 1 = CTD not calibrated; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Interpolated over a pressure interval &gt; 2dbar; 7 = Despiked; 8 = Not used; 9 = Not sampled;
Method reference: Temperature measured at depth using calibrated sensor as part of CTD package;
Researcher name: Data management - Scientific Advice Information and Support Branch (gddaiss-dmsaisb.XLAU@dfo-mpo.gc.ca)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
            </gmi:LE_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
      <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
        <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
      </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
      <gmd:maintenanceNote>
        <gco:CharacterString>Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:maintenanceNote>
      <gmd:contact>
        <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
          <gmd:organisationName>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:organisationName>
          <gmd:role>
            <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
          </gmd:role>
        </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
      </gmd:contact>
    </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
  </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmi:acquisitionInformation>
    <gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation id="AMS">
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be58">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>measures gaseous carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water.

To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bee7">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>CTD</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be3d">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>Niskin bottle</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth

Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle?</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be48">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>nutrient autoanalyzer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>nutrient autoanalyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Laboratory Instrument

Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term describing an automated flow-thru system used to conduct analyses of several different nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) simultaneously from a seawater sample.

For example:
SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR Continuous Segmented Flow Analyzer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bea4">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>salinometer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>salinometer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>generic salinometer

use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be41">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>A sensor used to measure temperature.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be28">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>titrator</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_bda0">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>BOSTON WHALER</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>BOSTON WHALER</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_9039">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CCGS Beluga II</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>ICES request for  for the vessel Beluga II from CANADA.

Name : Beluga II
Flag : CANADA - CA (ISO Country Code)
Title : CCGS
Platform Class : 37 Self-propelled boat
Commissioned Date : 2011-03
Current Length : 9.45
Built : 2011

Confirmed by NOAA on 2013-05-22.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_9032">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CCGS M. Perley</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Updated information from ICES for  the vessel M. PERLEY from CANADA.

Name : M. PERLEY
Flag : CANADA - CA (ISO Country Code)
Call Sign : CGMP
Title : CCGS
Platform Class : 31 Research vessel
IMO : 9656151
Commissioned Date : 2012
Current Length : 22
Built : 2012
Notes : Nearshore Fishery Research Ship, near Coastal up to 200nm. MMSI 316022125

Additional Information Sources:
- http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/Fleet/Vessel?vessel_id=120
- http://www.marinetraffic.com/ais/shipdetails.aspx?mmsi=316022125

Submitted to ICES on 2013-07-16.
Confirmed by NOAA on 2013-08-06.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_a076">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CCGS Teleost</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Updated information from ICES for the vessel TELEOST from CANADA.

Name : TELEOST
Flag : CANADA - CA (ISO Country Code)
Call Sign : CGCB
Title : CCGS
Platform Class : 31 Research vessel
IMO : 8714346
Commissioned Date : 1995
Current Length : 63
Built : 1988
Previous Name (Notes): Atlantic Champion
Notes : WOD code 7362. Built as an ice-reinforced factory freeze trawler, converted to function as a fisheries research platform suitable for the conduct of multi-function science missions in 1994.

Additional Information Sources:

- http://www.meds-sdmm.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/isdm-gdsi/azmp-pmza/docs/bulletin_2_11.pdf

General Comments:

IMO for TELEOST from Miramar Ship Index</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_9667">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>CORIOLIS II</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Updated information from ICES for the vessel Coriolis II from CANADA.

Name : Coriolis II
Flag : CANADA - CA (ISO Country Code)
Call Sign : CGDN
Platform Class : 31 Research vessel
IMO : 8818570
Commissioned Date : 2002
Current Length : 49.95
Built : 1991
Previous Name (Notes): CCGS John Jacobson
Notes : WOD 8803. Originally called CCGS 501 (1991-1992). In addition to research and teaching, the very versatile Coriolis II can be used on location for various other ocean-related projects.

Additional Information Sources:
- http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/696.nsf/fra/00861.html
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RV_Coriolis_II
- http://www.marinetraffic.com/ais/shipdetails.aspx?mmsi=316133000

General Comments:
We have been using 18OL nationally and internationally for this ship, since 2003.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_bd79">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>HUDSON</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>HUDSON</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_9dc3">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>MARTHA L. BLACK</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>MARTHA L. BLACK</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
    </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>