gov.noaa.nodc:0080979 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-23T12:48:56Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Surface underway measurements of seawater and atmospheric fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2), water temperature, salinity and barometric pressure during the ship of opportunity (SOOP) container ship Columbus Waikato cruises in the equatorial Pacific Ocean (13 trans-Pacific crossings), and in the Tasman Sea (8 crossings) from 2004-03-03 to 2006-01-15 (NCEI Accession 0080979) 2011-11-11 publication 2021-12-21 revision 2011-11-11 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.3334/cdiac/otg.vos_columbus_waikato_2004-2006 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0080979 NCEI Archive Management System 0080979 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Catherine E. Cosca NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Cathy.Cosca@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Richard Feely NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Bronte Tilbrook Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Bronte.Tilbrook@csiro.au principalInvestigator Catherine Cosca NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Cathy.Cosca@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Christopher Sabine NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) chris.sabine@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information collaborator Feely, Richard A. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Sabine, Christopher L. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Tilbrook, Bronte Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization author Cosca, Catherine E. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) contributor NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This NCEI archival package contains surface underway measurements of fCO2 (seawater and atmospheric), water temperature, and salinity collected during the container ship Columbus Waikato thirteen trans-Pacific cruises and eight Tasman Sea cruises from 2004-03-03 to 2006-01-15 as part of a ship-of-opportunity SOOP time-series. Trans-Pacific cruise names and expocodes: CW2004_02 (64CW20040303), CW2004_04 (64CW20040424), CW2004_06 (64CW20040611), CW2004_09 (64CW20040921), CW2004_11 (64CW20041113), CW2005_01 (64CW20050124), CW2005_02 (64CW20050216), CW2005_04 (64CW20050406), CW2005_07 (64CW20050702), CW2005_08 (64CW20050817), CW2005_09 (64CW20050902), CW2005_11 (64CW20051101), CW2006_01 (64CW20060103). Tasman Sea cruise names and expocodes: CW2004_11_anz (64CW20041126), CW2005_01_anz (64CW20050112), CW2005_03_anz (64CW20050301), CW2005_04_anz (64CW20050419), CW2005_07_anz (64CW20050716), CW2005_09_anz (64CW20050923), CW2005_10_anz (64CW20051010), CW2005_11_anz (64CW20051125). Since 1992, underway CO2 observations have been made between New Zealand and the U.S. West Coast. This effort was conducted with the support of NOAA's Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division in the Climate Program Office (CPO). The major objectives of the project were to and to continue a time series documenting the distribution of surface and atmospheric fCO2, salinity, temperature, and other parameters across the Pacific Ocean and in the Tasman Sea. Funding Information: NOAA's Climate Program Office (Surface Water pCO2 Measurements from Ships of Opportunity) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0080979 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0080979 Preview graphic PNG 0080979 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2017-02-22 publication AIR-SEA DIFFERENCE - PARTIAL PRESSURE (OR FUGACITY) OF CARBON DIOXIDE BAROMETRIC PRESSURE Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS barometric pressure sensor carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer showerhead equilibrator thermosalinograph instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS COLUMBUS WAIKATO platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Bass Strait North Pacific Ocean South Pacific Ocean Tasman Sea place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian CW2004_02 CW2004_04 CW2004_06 CW2004_09 CW2004_11 CW2004_11_anz CW2005_01 CW2005_01_anz CW2005_02 CW2005_03_anz CW2005_04 CW2005_07 CW2005_07_anz CW2005_08 CW2005_09 CW2005_09_anz CW2005_10_anz CW2005_11 CW2005_11_anz CW2006_01 vCW2005_04_anz project Cruise ID 64CW20040303 64CW20040424 64CW20040611 64CW20040921 64CW20041113 64CW20041126 64CW20050112 64CW20050124 64CW20050216 64CW20050301 64CW20050406 64CW20050419 64CW20050702 64CW20050716 64CW20050817 64CW20050902 64CW20050923 64CW20051010 64CW20051101 64CW20051125 64CW20060103 project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords SOOP Sections project Reference Section ID EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type SOOP theme Provider Keywords SAL(TSG)_PERMIL SST(TSG)_C fCO2W@SST pCO2A_uatm, fCO2A_uatm xCO2A_interpolated_ppm xCO2A_ppm xCO2W_ppm theme Provider Variable Abbreviations BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS THERMOSALINOGRAPHS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Pacific Ocean Tasman Sea place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Feely, Richard A.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Tilbrook, Bronte; Cosca, Catherine E. (2011). Surface underway measurements of seawater and atmospheric fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2), water temperature, salinity and barometric pressure during the ship of opportunity (SOOP) container ship Columbus Waikato cruises in the equatorial Pacific Ocean (13 trans-Pacific crossings), and in the Tasman Sea (8 crossings) from 2004-03-03 to 2006-01-15 (NCEI Accession 0080979). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.vos_columbus_waikato_2004-2006. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Feely, R., and C. Sabine (2007). Sea Surface and Atmospheric fCO2 data in the Pacific Ocean during VOS project line onboard the M/S Columbus Waikato Lines from 2004-2006. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Columbus Waikato Underway Data. 2007 publication Columbus Waikato Underway Data Feely, R., and C. Sabine author Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) publisher Ocean CO2 [retrieved from http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/VOS_Columbus_Waikato_Lines/] crossReference Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 2009-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 related journal article information Pierrot, Denis author Neill, Craig author Sullivan, Kevin author Castle, Robert author Wanninkhof, Rik author Lüger, Heike author Johannessen, Truls author Olsen, Are author Feely, Richard A. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56(8-10) ISSN 0967-0645, pp. 512-522 crossReference project Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Milburn, H. B., Cosca, C. E., Stapp, M., & P. Murphy, P. (1998). A new automated underway system for making high precision pCO2 measurements onboard research ships. Analytica Chimica Acta, 377(2–3), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 1998-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 related journal article information Feely, Richard A. author Wanninkhof, Rik author Milburn, Hugh B. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Stapp, Mike author P. Murphy, Paulette author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Analytica Chimica Acta 377(2-3) ISSN 0003-2670, pp. 185-191 crossReference project Wanninkhof, R., & Thoning, K. (1993). Measurement of fugacity of CO2 in surface water using continuous and discrete sampling methods. Marine Chemistry, 44(2–4), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y 1993-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y related journal article information Wanninkhof, Rik author Thoning, Kirk author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Marine Chemistry 44(2-4) ISSN 0304-4203, pp. 189-204 crossReference project Ships Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/ Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program Ships of Opportunity Program (SOOP): M/S Columbus Waikato, Natalie Schulte, Cap Victor, Albert Rickmers Lines and Cap Blanche Lines. 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/columbus.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/columbus.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Carbon Program. publication https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/ HTTPS https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/ Related resource information documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 144.6763 -118.2785 -39.2682 32.5166 2004-03-03 2006-01-15 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. CSV 34.664 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0080979.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.vos_columbus_waikato_2004-2006 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/80979 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/80979 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0037/0080979/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0080979 v1.1 was published. 2011-11-11T13:07:54Z NCEI Accession 0080979 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0080979/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0080979 v1.1 published 2011-11-11T13:07:54Z download NCEI Accession 0080979 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2011-11-11T13:07:54Z NCEI Accession 0080979 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0080979/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0080979 v2.2 published 2011-11-11T13:07:54Z download NCEI Accession 0080979 was revised and v3.3 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2017-02-22T12:16:16Z NCEI Accession 0080979 v3.3 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0080979/3.3 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0080979 v3.3 published 2017-02-22T12:16:16Z download NCEI Accession 0080979 was revised and v4.4 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2021-12-21T22:13:30Z NCEI Accession 0080979 v4.4 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0080979/4.4 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0080979 v4.4 published 2021-12-21T22:13:30Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: fCO2W@SST; Unit: uatm; Observation type: Surface underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Seawater pump; Location of seawater intake: Bow; Analyzing instrument: Neill 1st generation (G1); precursor to General Oceanics GO 8050 systems; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: The sampling and analyzing methods of the Neill/General Oceanics Underway pCO2 systems are described in detail in: Pierrot, D.; Neill, C.; Sullivan, K.; Castle, R.; Wanninkhof, R.; Lüger, H.; Johannessen, T.; Olsen, A.; Feely, R.A.; and Cosca, C.E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep-Sea Res., II, v. 56, pp. 512-522.; Equilibrator type: Shower head; Equilibrator volume: ~0.5 L; Is the equilibrator vented or not: Vented; Water flow rate: 1.5 to 2 L/min; Gas flow rate: ~0.8 L/m; How was temperature inside the equilibrator measured: Hart Scientific model 1521 digital thermometer, serial number A77488, with an NIST traceable model 5610 thermistor probe, serial number A9B0916. Accurate to ± 0.01°C.; How was pressure inside the equilibrator measured: Setra 239 differential pressure transducer, accurate to ± 0.15 hPa. The equilibrator was passively vented to a secondary equilibrator, and the Licor sample output was vented to the laboratory when CO2 measurements were made, thus equilibrator headspace pressure was assumed to be laboratory pressure. Pressure in the laboratory was measured with a GE Druck barometer with an accuracy of ± 0.01 %fs.; Drying method for gas: From Pierrot, et al.: Sample air is dried in a condenser that is cooled to 4-5 oC by a Peltier thermoelectric device. This partially dried air flushes a chamber that is vented and remains at ambient pressure. The dried air inside the chamber is used as the counter flow in the Nafion® tubing. A vacuum pump pulls the dried air from the chamber first through a fixed restrictor and then through the Nafion® tubes, thus creating an absolute pressure and corresponding partial pressure gradient for water vapor across the membrane. When atmospheric air is measured, some of the partially dried air (80-100 ml/min) is pushed through a Nafion® tube, the analyzer and out a vent instead of flushing the chamber. The headspace gas, when being measured, is circulated in a closed loop through the analyzer at a rate similar to that of the atmospheric air (80-100 ml/min). It is dried first in the condenser, then in a Nafion® tube prior to entering the analyzer and being returned to the equilibrator. Typically, the water mole fraction (xH2O) in the dried gas is about 2 parts per thousand (ppt), which corresponds to a dew point temperature of about -20 °C. The liquid water condensed out of the sample air streams is removed by peristaltic pumps into the vent equilibrator at intervals determined by the user.; SEA CO2 gas detector manufacturer: Licor, Inc; SEA CO2 gas detector model: Licor 6262, IRG4-0560; SEA CO2 gas detector resolution: 0.2 µatm; SEA CO2 gas detector uncertainty: 0.3 µatm for equilibrator measurements, 0.2 �atm for atmospheric measurements; Standardization technique: The system runs a full cycle in approximately 112 minutes. The cycle starts with 4 standard gases, then measures 10 atmospheric samples followed by 60 surface water samples. Each new gas is flushed through the Licor Analyzer for 4 minutes prior to a 10 second reading from the analyzer during which the sample cell is open to the atmosphere. Subsequent samples of the same gas are flushed through the Licor Analyzer for 30 seconds prior to a stop-flow measurement.; Standardization frequency: Every 112 minutes; Standard gas manufacturer: Standard gases are supplied by NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, in Boulder, CO, and are directly traceable to the WMO scale.; Standard gas concentration: LL55868, 296.35 ppm; LL55864, 355.07 ppm; LL55867, 397.48 ppm; LL55866, 468.48 ppm; Standard gas uncertainty: 0.01 ppm; Water vapor correction method: Details of the data reduction are described in Pierrot, et.al. (2009).; Temperature correction method: Details of the data reduction are described in Pierrot, et.al. (2009).; At what temperature was pCO2 reported: In situ sea surface temperature; Uncertainty: ± 2 µatm; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value; Method reference: Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005; Researcher name: Catherine E. Cosca; Researcher institution: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature; Abbreviation: SST(TSG)_C; Unit: Degree Celcius; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Seabird 38, serial number 3848581-0383; Uncertainty: 0.0025°C Parameter or Variable: Salinity; Abbreviation: SAL(TSG)_PERMIL; Unit: permil; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Seabird 45, serial number 4539646-0143; Uncertainty: 0.005 PSU Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature; Abbreviation: xCO2W_ppm; Unit: ppm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Licor 6262, Serial # IRG3-1261; Analyzing instrument:; Duration:; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: See Pierrot et al. for details.; Uncertainty: 0.3 ppm Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air; Abbreviation: xCO2A_ppm; Unit: ppm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Licor 6262, Serial # IRG3-1261; Analyzing instrument:; Duration:; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: See Pierrot et al. for details.; Uncertainty: 0.2 ppm Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air associated with each water analysis.; Abbreviation: xCO2A_interpolated_ppm; Unit: ppm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Values are interpolated between measurements of xCO2A_ppm; Sampling instrument: Licor 6262, Serial # IRG3-1261; Analyzing instrument:; Duration:; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: See Pierrot et al. for details.; Uncertainty: 0.2 ppm Parameter or Variable: Partial pressure and fugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 (xCO2A_interpolated_ppm) at SST and 100% humidity; Abbreviation: pCO2A_uatm, fCO2A_uatm; Unit: µatm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Values are interpolated between measurements of xCO2_ATM_ppm; Sampling instrument: Licor 6262, Serial # IRG3-1261; Analyzing instrument:; Duration:; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: See Pierrot et al. for details.; Uncertainty: 0.2 µatm repository NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015. 2015-04-22T00:00:00 asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian barometric pressure sensor barometric pressure sensor instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure. carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. thermosalinograph thermosalinograph automated sea surface temperature and salinity instrument, usually attached to the hull of a ship Thermosalinograph is an automated Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity measurement system making measurement on board a ship using a water intake. [https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/tsg/about.php 2021-01-29] COLUMBUS WAIKATO ex. Kota Perabu