{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Brian R Clark", "hasEmail": "mailto:brclark@usgs.gov"}, "description": "Groundwater in the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system is an important source for municipal, \nindustrial, agricultural, and domestic water supply needs across much of southern \nMissouri and northern Arkansas, and smaller areas of southeastern Kansas and \nnortheastern Oklahoma. Recent short-term drought conditions have emphasized \nthe need to better understand the delicate balance between abundance, sustainability \nand scarcity. A groundwater flow model was developed as the primary tool to assess \ngroundwater availability in the aquifer system. The model was developed to benefit \ncurrent and future investigations that involve groundwater-withdrawal scenarios, \noptimization, particle transport, and monitoring network analysis. The model is \nalso critical to the ongoing work to quantify groundwater availability in the Ozark \naquifer system.  \n\t\t\nThe groundwater model simulated 116 years (1900\u20142016) of hydrologic conditions \nand the response of the groundwater system to changes in stress. Stress applied \nto the groundwater system included changes in recharge and increased groundwater \nwithdrawals for water supply. Semi-seasonal stress periods were simulated from the \nlater part of 1991 to 2016 to represent higher demand and lower recharge in the spring \nand summer months, and lower demand and higher recharge in the fall and winter \nmonths. Groundwater pumping increased throughout the simulation period, with a \nmaximum rate of about 600 million gallons per day (Mgal/d).  \n\t\t\nHistory matching for the Ozark aquifer system model was accomplished by a \ncombination of manual changes to parameter values and automated calibration \nmethods. Observation data used in the development and evaluation of the model \nincluded 19,045 hydraulic-head observations from 6,683 wells within the Ozark \nmodel area that were weighted for use in the parameter estimation software. \nObservation data also included stream leakage estimates summed to calculate \na net gain or net loss value for each stream.  \n\t\t\nThe majority, but not all, of the recharge component was discharged through \nstreams simulated in the model. The total simulated discharge to streams \nfluctuates seasonally between 7,500 and 17,500 Mgal/d with a mean outflow \nof 11,500 Mgal/d. Much of the remaining balance between modeled recharge \ninflows and stream outflows was made up by water moving into or out of \nstorage in the aquifer system resulting in changes in modeled groundwater levels.  \n\t\t\nThis USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the model \nand calibration simulation described in the associated model documentation \nreport (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185035). This data release also includes \n(1) MODFLOW-NWT (v. 1.1.2) source code, \n(2) PEST++ source code, and \n(3) processing Python scripts and associated instruction files for parameter \nestimation and model calibration using PEST++.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/F718350W", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.a2e701f5-118c-4b00-b998-ab497f27d5d9.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_a2e701f5-118c-4b00-b998-ab497f27d5d9", "keyword": ["Arkansas", "Groundwater", "Groundwater Model", "InlandWaters", "MODFLOW-NWT", "Missouri", "Ozark Plateaus aquifer", "USGS:a2e701f5-118c-4b00-b998-ab497f27d5d9", "environment", "geoscientificInformation", "usgsgroundwatermodel"], "modified": "2020-11-17T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-95.53438921829986, 34.6362841430397, -89.1921494093881, 39.46543377497592", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "MODFLOW-NWT model of groundwater flow in the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system"}