{"accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["010:12"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Amy E. George", "hasEmail": "mailto:ageorge@usgs.gov"}, "description": "We examined enhanced turbulence levels as an alternative grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) control strategy through turbulence-induced mortality at embryonic stages. We exposed pre-water-hardened and water-hardened grass carp eggs to increased levels of turbulence in a grid-stirred turbulence tank to find threshold values of turbulence parameters and shear stresses that have lethal and sub-lethal effects. In addition to assessment of embryonic mortality, a post-hatching inspection revealed larval abnormalities that ranged in severity from yolk sac deterioration, pericardial edema, and underdevelopment, to spinal deformities and missing heads.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "accessURL": "https://doi.org/10.5066/P96V70XM", "description": "Landing page for access to the data", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "application/http", "title": "Digital Data"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "description": "The metadata original format", "downloadURL": "https://data.usgs.gov/datacatalog/metadata/USGS.6a88ad7c1ba49bf481207b6a.xml", "format": "XML", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_6a88ad7c1ba49bf481207b6a", "keyword": ["Columbia Environmental Research Center", "Fish larvae", "Fisheries management", "Fluid dynamics", "Grass Carp", "Invasive species", "USGS:6a88ad7c1ba49bf481207b6a", "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory", "biota", "fish eggs", "survival", "turbulence"], "modified": "2026-08-24T00:00:00Z", "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"}, "spatial": "-180.0, -90.0, 180.0, 90.0", "theme": ["geospatial"], "title": "Response of grass carp eggs to turbulence"}