gov.noaa.nodc:0294317 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-12-14T19:43:36Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Punta Arenas, Chile weather observations; Dec 1896 to Dec 1954 (NCEI Accession 0294317) 2024-07-17 publication 2024-06-25 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/ts12-kq66 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0294317 NCEI Archive Management System 0294317 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) resourceProvider Jason Cooper NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) jason.cooper@noaa.gov pointOfContact NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) contributor tableDigital Surface Observations from Punta Arenas, in extreme southern Chile. WMO station ID 85934; Period of record 1896-1954. The original forms were scanned at the Museo Salesiano Maggiorino Borgatello, a private regional museum in Punta Arenas with funding provided by NOAA, and keyed by a NOAA contractor. These data can be used to fill in missing data in the GHCN record for station GHCN ID CIN00520006. These data consist of three observations per day plus daily data for every day of the year for most years. Daily data elements are daily maximum and minimum air temperature, daily precipitation, and snow depth. Three-times daily elements are Air Pressure, Temperature, Wet Bulb Temperature, Wind Direction and Wind Speed, Cloud amount, and Visibility. NOAA to digitize their data and to make those digitized data free and unrestricted to the world community. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0294317 Preview graphic PNG 0294317 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2024-05-29 publication AIR TEMPERATURE - DRY BULB AIR TEMPERATURE - WET BULB BAROMETRIC PRESSURE cloud amount/frequency PRECIPITATION AMOUNT Snow thickness VISIBILITY WIND DIRECTION WIND SPEED theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS aerovane anemometer barometer rain gauge thermometer visual estimate visual observation instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS climatology theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > SURFACE TEMPERATURE > AIR TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND DIRECTION EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND SPEED EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > CLOUDS > CLOUD PROPERTIES > CLOUD FREQUENCY EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > PRECIPITATION > PRECIPITATION AMOUNT EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > SNOW DEPTH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian AEROVANES ANEMOMETERS > ANEMOMETERS BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS RAIN GAUGES > RAIN GAUGES THERMOMETERS > THERMOMETERS VISUAL OBSERVATIONS > VISUAL OBSERVATIONS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian ruler instrument Provider Instruments CONTINENT > SOUTH AMERICA > CHILE place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NM8HJN Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2024). Punta Arenas, Chile weather observations; Dec 1896 to Dec 1954 (NCEI Accession 0294317). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/ts12-kq66. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. eng; USA utf8 environment climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -70.91 -70.9 -53.16 -53.15 1896-12-01 1954-12-06 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 3.64 https://doi.org/10.25921/ts12-kq66 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/294317 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/294317 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0229/0294317/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0294317 v1.1 was published. 2024-07-17T18:54:25Z NCEI Accession 0294317 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0294317/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0294317 v1.1 published 2024-07-17T18:54:25Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: AIR TEMPERATURE - DRY BULB (measured); Units: degrees Celsius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: thermometer Parameter or Variable: PRECIPITATION AMOUNT (measured); Units: mm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: rain gauge Parameter or Variable: Snow thickness (measured); Units: cm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: ruler Parameter or Variable: BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (measured); Units: mm Hg; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: barometer Parameter or Variable: AIR TEMPERATURE - WET BULB (measured); Units: degrees Celsius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: thermometer Parameter or Variable: WIND DIRECTION (measured); Units: degrees north; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: aerovane Parameter or Variable: WIND SPEED (measured); Units: knot; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: anemometer Parameter or Variable: cloud amount/frequency (measured); Units: tenths; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation Parameter or Variable: VISIBILITY (measured); Units: US statute mile; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual estimate asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian aerovane aerovane anemometer with a tail to measure both wind direction and speed An aerovane is an anemometer used to measure both wind direction and speed. The tail orients the instrument into the wind for direction while the propellers measure the wind speed. anemometer anemometer measures wind speed An anemometer is an instrument that measures wind speed. Note that an aerovane (insttypes_id 175) is an anemometer which has a tail and a propeller to measure the speed and direction of the wind. barometer barometer Barometers are instruments for measuring atmospheric pressure; two types include mercury barometers and aneroid barometers. rain gauge rain gauge A device to measure the amount of liquid precipitation The definition of liquid precipitation is any form of water falling from the sky as rain. Rain gauge measures the amount of liquid precipitation. thermometer thermometer generic thermometer or reversing thermometer use thermometer when temperature is a data type, but the exact instrument used to measure temperature is unknown visual estimate visual estimate not an instrument - maybe an observation type visual observation visual observation not an instrument - maybe an observation type