FC7E73FC-65ED-4498-B8BD-417978D72D41 eng utf8 nonGeographicDataset dataset EnviroAtlas Coordinator U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development - Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA), EnviroAtlas Geospatial Data Owner (919) 541-3832 109 T.W. Alexander Drive Research Triangle Park NC 27709 EnviroAtlas@epa.gov https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas pointOfContact 2025-07-23 ISO 19139 Geographic Information - Metadata - Implementation Specification 2007 102039 Esri 8.1.2 EnviroAtlas - Water Balance and Surficial Groundwater by 12-digit HUC for the Conterminous United States 2022-01-04 publication U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) originator U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) - Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA) Research Triangle Park, NC publisher Meredith Reitz U.S. Geological Survey 703-648-5834 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, MS 432 Reston VA 20192 mreitz@usgs.gov principalInvestigator Wesley O. Zell U.S. Geological Survey 703-648-5835 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston VA 20192 wzell@usgs.gov principalInvestigator tableDigital This EnviroAtlas dataset summarizes several U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) water budget and surficial groundwater datasets by 12-digit HUC. It includes average rates of evapotranspiration, quick-flow runoff, effective recharge (which reflects the quantity of water available to replenish the groundwater table), and total recharge (which also includes an estimate for the recharge quantity that was subsequently intercepted by riparian vegetation and converted to evapotranspiration) based on the USGS' 800m water budget estimates for the Conterminous United States (CONUS) at long-term timescales for 2000-2013. These datasets were produced by Reitz et al. (https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PN93P0). It also includes modeled averages of depth to the water table, mean water transit time across the vadose zone (or unsaturated zone), shallow aquifer transmissivity, long term average soil water content of the unsaturated zone, and mean water residence time in the root zone, based on the USGS's MODFLOW-6 groundwater flow models. These models were driven by spatially-distributed recharge estimated by Reitz et al. using average water-budget information for 1985-2015 and calibrated against long-term average water levels in observation wells, as well as water-level estimates derived from perennial first-order streams and wetlands. The development of the model input and output files included in the USGS data release, as well as post-processing used to derive additional water-budget components also included in this data release, are documented in the Water Resources Research article (https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026724). This dataset was produced the US EPA to support research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas. EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas) allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the contiguous United States. The dataset is available as downloadable data (https://edg.epa.gov/data/Public/ORD/EnviroAtlas) or as an EnviroAtlas map service. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this dataset can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets). This geospatial dataset provides water budget estimates and simulated shallow groundwater system components for the Conterminous US obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), summarized by 12-digit HUC (subwatershed). The overall goal of EnviroAtlas is to employ and develop the best available science to map indicators of ecosystem services production, demand, and drivers for the nation. US Geological Survey, US Environmental Protection Agency EnviroAtlas Coordinator U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development - Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA), EnviroAtlas Geospatial Data Owner (919) 541-3832 109 T.W. Alexander Drive Research Triangle Park NC 27709 EnviroAtlas@epa.gov https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas publisher asNeeded Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas United States Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming place EPA Place Names 2015-01-31 publication Conservation Ecosystem Environment Ground Water Modeling Surface Water Water theme EPA GIS Keyword Thesaurus 2007-11-02 publication 020:072 theme Federal Program Inventory 2013-09-16 publication 12-digit HUCs Ecosystem Services EnviroAtlas Environment Environmental Atlas Modeling Surface Water Water theme User 2022-01-03 publication None. Please check sources, scale, accuracy, currency and other available information. Please confirm that you are using the most recent copy of both data and metadata. Acknowledgement of the EPA would be appreciated. EPA Public Domain License licenseUnrestricted https://edg.epa.gov/EPA_Data_License.html unclassified https://project-open-data.github.io/schema/#accessLevel textTable eng utf8 Microsoft Windows 10 Version 10.0 (Build 18363) ; Esri ArcGIS 12.9.0.32739 Surficial transmissivity: 1985-2015 Evapotranspiration and recharge: 2000-2013 true -128.007244 -65.25485 22.868654 51.64959 1985-01-01T00:00:00 2015-01-01T00:00:00 2000-01-01T00:00:00 2013-12-31T00:00:00 This dataset can be joined to the EnviroAtlas feature class NHDPlusV2_WBDSnapshot_EnviroAtlas_CONUS using the field "HUC_12." File Geodatabase Table https://enviroatlas.epa.gov/download/CONUS_metrics_FGDB.zip download download https://enviroatlas.epa.gov/download/CONUS_metrics_CSV.zip download download https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-data information information https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas information information https://enviroatlas-epa.hub.arcgis.com/search?tags=EA-GroundwaterAndWaterBudgets information information dataset Tests for integrity have not been performed. EPA National Geospatial Data Policy Features have been reviewed by U.S. EPA EnviroAtlas Project Managers for public release. true Features represented have not been tested for completeness EPA National Geospatial Data Policy Features have been reviewed by U.S. EPA EnviroAtlas Project Managers for public release. true Downloaded Annual average evapotranspiration rates across the CONUS, 2000-2013 (ET_0013.zip). 2020-09-18T00:00:00 Annual average evapotranspiration rates across the CONUS, 2000-2013 Average annual rates of evapotranspiration, quick-flow runoff, and recharge for the CONUS, 2000-2013 Downloaded Annual average quick-flow runoff across the CONUS, 2000-2013 (QuickFlow_0013.zip). 2020-09-18T00:00:00 Annual average quick-flow runoff across the CONUS, 2000-2013 Average annual rates of evapotranspiration, quick-flow runoff, and recharge for the CONUS, 2000-2013 Downloaded Annual average recharge rates across the CONUS, 2000-2013 (Total Recharge: TotalRecharge_0013.zip; Effective Recharge: EffRecharge_0013_v2.zip). 2020-09-18T00:00:00 Annual average recharge rates across the CONUS, 2000-2013 Average annual rates of evapotranspiration, quick-flow runoff, and recharge for the CONUS, 2000-2013 Downloaded CONUS-extent rasters of simulated depth to water and estimated transmissivity (conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_dtw.tif and conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_trans.tif) 2020-09-18T00:00:00 CONUS-extent rasters of simulated depth to water and estimated transmissivity MODFLOW 6 models used to simulate the long-term average surficial groundwater system for the contiguous United States Downloaded CONUS-extent rasters of model output post-processed to unsaturated zone travel time (conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_tt_rz.tif and conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_tt_total.tif). 2020-09-18T00:00:00 CONUS-extent rasters of model output post-processed to unsaturated zone travel time. MODFLOW 6 models used to simulate the long-term average surficial groundwater system for the contiguous United States Downloaded CONUS-extent rasters of model output post-processed to unsaturated zone water content (conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_wc_avg.tif). 2020-09-18T00:00:00 CONUS-extent rasters of model output post-processed to unsaturated zone water content MODFLOW 6 models used to simulate the long-term average surficial groundwater system for the contiguous United States Mean water residence time in the root zone (conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_tt_rz.tif) included an "inf" value. "Inf" occurred when there was a zero in the denominator in locations where there is zero recharge, and it should be treated as NoData. Used ArcGIS Pro raster calculator to set all "inf" values in conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_tt_rz.tif to NoData. 2021-08-06T00:00:00 Projected the ET (ET_0013.tif), Quickflow (RO_0013.tif), and Effective Recharge (RC_eff_0013.tif) rasters to 'USA_Contiguous_Albers_Equal_Area_Conic_USGS_version (Resampling technique: Bilinear interpolation; Snap raster: NHDPlusV2_WBDSnapshot_EnviroAtlas_CONUS_raster). The groundwater rasters (conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_dtw.tif, conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_trans.tif, conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_tt_rz.tif, conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_tt_total.tif, conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_wc_avg.tif) were already in Albers_Conic_Equal_Area. 2021-08-06T00:00:00 Converted negative values in conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_trans.tif to NoData per discussion with Wesley Zell. The negative values in the transmissivity raster should be NoData; there should be a positive value for each active model pixel. ArcGIS Pro Raster Calculator expression: Con("conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_trans.tif" >= 0 ,"conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_trans.tif") 2021-08-26T00:00:00 Converted negative values in conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_dtw.tif to 0 per discussion with Wesley Zell. The negative values in the depth to water raster represent discharge locations (where the model solution for groundwater head is above the land surface), but for the purposes of watershed averages those should be 0. ArcGIS Pro Raster Calculator expression: Con("conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_dtw.tif" <= 0 , 0, "conus_MF6_SS_Unconfined_250_dtw.tif"). 2021-08-26T00:00:00 For each raster, used ArcGIS zonal statistics as table to calculate the mean value for each HUC_12. 2021-08-26T00:00:00 Projected the Total Recharge (RC_0013.tif) raster to 'USA_Contiguous_Albers_Equal_Area_Conic_USGS_version (Resampling technique: Bilinear interpolation; Snap raster: NHDPlusV2_WBDSnapshot_EnviroAtlas_CONUS_raster) and used ArcGIS zonal statistics as table to calculate the mean value for each HUC_12. There was an error in the output when this raster was initially projected on 8/6/2021. This step replaces the original output. 2021-12-27T00:00:00 Used ArcGIS Pro Join Field tool to join all zonal statistics into a single table. 2021-12-28T00:00:00 Multiplied WC_AVG by 100 to convert from fraction to percentage. For consistency with other EnviroAtlas metrics that are presented as percentages. 2021-12-29T00:00:00 Water budget rasters Annual average evapotranspiration rates across the CONUS, 2000-2013; Annual average quick-flow runoff across the CONUS, 2000-2013; Annual average recharge rates across the CONUS, 2000-2013 (Total Recharge and Effective Recharge). 2017-04-27 publication Meredith Reitz U.S. Geological Survey 703-648-5834 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, MS 432 Reston VA 20192 mreitz@usgs.gov principalInvestigator mapDigital Data citation: Reitz, Meredith, Sanford, W.E., Senay, G.B., and Cazenas, Jeffrey, 2017, Annual estimates of recharge, quick-flow runoff, and ET for the contiguous US using empirical regression equations, 2000-2013: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PN93P0. Associated journal article: Reitz, M., W.E. Sanford, G.B. Senay, and J. Cazenas, 2017. Annual Estimates of Recharge, Quick-Flow Runoff,and Evapotranspiration for the Contiguous U.S. Using Empirical Regression Equations. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12546 Average annual rates of evapotranspiration, quick-flow runoff, and recharge for the CONUS, 2000-2013 Surficial groundwater system rasters Simulated depth to water, estimated transmissivity, unsaturated zone travel time, and unsaturated zone water content 2020-01-01 publication Version 1.0 Wesley O. Zell U.S. Geological Survey 703-648-5835 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston VA 20192 wzell@usgs.gov principalInvestigator mapDigital Associated journal article: Zell, W. O. and W. E. Sanford (2020). "Calibrated Simulation of the Long-Term Average Surficial Groundwater System and Derived Spatial Distributions of its Characteristics for the Contiguous United States." Water Resources Research 56(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026724. MODFLOW 6 models used to simulate the long-term average surficial groundwater system for the contiguous United States true -127.857388 -65.375029 23.244087 51.54166 1985-01-01T00:00:00 2015-01-01T00:00:00 asNeeded 2025-07-30