gov.noaa.nodc:0156310 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-08-17T13:11:55Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) In situ optical, oceanographic and meteorological data including spectral radiance, remote sensing reflectance and other oceanographic and meteorological data collected aboard NOAA Ship Nancy Foster in the US Coastal mid-Atlantic and Western Atlantic Ocean for the JPSS dedicated VIIRS Calibration/Validation cruise from 2014-11-11 to 2014-11-20 (NCEI Accession 0156310) 2018-08-16 publication 2016-08-12 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0156310 NCEI Archive Management System 0156310 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Veronica Lance NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) veronica.lance@noaa.gov https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Michael Ondrusek NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information originator Eric Stengel NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information originator Veronica Lance Global Science & Technology, Inc. (GST) veronica.lance@noaa.gov https://www.gst.com/ HTTPS Global Science & Technology, Inc. (GST) website Institution web page information originator Menghua Wang NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information originator Kenneth J. Voss University of Miami (UM) http://www.miami.edu/ HTTP University of Miami (UM) website Institution web page information originator Giuseppe Zibordi Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy originator Marco Talone Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy originator Zhongping Lee University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) https://www.umb.edu/ HTTPS University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) website Institution web page information originator Jianwei Wei University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) https://www.umb.edu/ HTTPS University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) website Institution web page information originator Junfang Lin University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) https://www.umb.edu/ HTTPS University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) website Institution web page information originator Chuanmin Hu University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information originator David English University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information originator Charles Kovach University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information originator Jennifer Cannizzaro University of South Florida (USF) https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information originator Alex Gilerson City College of New York of the City University of New York originator Sam Ahmed City College of New York of the City University of New York originator Amir Ibrahim City College of New York of the City University of New York originator Ahmed El-Habashi City College of New York of the City University of New York originator Robert Foster City College of New York of the City University of New York originator Robert Arnone The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) http://www.usm.edu/ HTTP The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) website Institution web page information originator Ryan Vandermeulen The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) http://www.usm.edu/ HTTP The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) website Institution web page information originator Sherwin Ladner US Navy/Naval Research Laboratory - Stennis MS originator Wesley Goode The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) http://www.usm.edu/ HTTP The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) website Institution web page information originator Joaquim I. Goes Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information originator Helga do Rosario Gomes Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information originator Alex Chekalyuk Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information originator Kali McKee Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information originator Scott Freeman NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) originator Aimee R. Neeley NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) originator B. Carol Johnson National Institute of Standards and Technology, Physical Measurement Laboratory originator Ondrusek, Michael NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information author Stengel, Eric NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information author Lance, Veronica P. NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) veronica.lance@noaa.gov https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information author Wang, Menghua NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information author Voss, Kenneth J. Department of Physics, University of Miami http://www.miami.edu/ HTTP University of Miami (UM) website Institution web page information author Zibordi, Giuseppe Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy author Talone, Marco Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy author Lee, Zhongping School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston https://www.umb.edu/ HTTPS University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) website Institution web page information author Wei, Jianwei School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston https://www.umb.edu/ HTTPS University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) website Institution web page information author Lin, Junfang School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston https://www.umb.edu/ HTTPS University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston) website Institution web page information author Hu, Chuanmin College of Marine Science, University of South Florida https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information author English, David College of Marine Science, University of South Florida https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information author Kovach, Charles College of Marine Science, University of South Florida https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information author Cannizzaro, Jennifer College of Marine Science, University of South Florida https://www.usf.edu/ HTTPS University of South Florida (USF) website Institution web page information author Gilerson, Alex City College of New York of the City University of New York author Ahmed, Sam City College of New York of the City University of New York author Ibrahim, Amir City College of New York of the City University of New York author El-Habashi, Ahmed City College of New York of the City University of New York author Foster, Robert City College of New York of the City University of New York author Arnone, Robert University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center http://www.usm.edu/ HTTP The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) website Institution web page information author Vandermeulen, Ryan University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center http://www.usm.edu/ HTTP The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) website Institution web page information author Ladner, Sherwin Naval Research laboratory, Stennis Space Center author Goode, Wesley University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center http://www.usm.edu/ HTTP The University of Southern Mississippi (USM) website Institution web page information author Goes, Joaquim I. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author do Rosario Gomes, Helga Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author Chekalyuk, Alex Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author McKee, Kali Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/ HTTP Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website Institution web page information author Freeman, Scott NASA Goddard Space Flight Center author Neeley, Aimee R. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center author Johnson, B. Carol National Institute of Standards and Technology, Physical Measurement Laboratory author Veronica Lance NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) veronica.lance@noaa.gov https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) website Institution web page information pointOfContact tableDigital This dataset contains oceanographic and meteorological data collected during the Dedicated JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise (NF-14-09). The measured variables include optical backscatter, particulate organic carbon, pigments, salinity, water temperature, chromophoric dissolved matter (CDOM), chlorophyll, air temperature, wind direction and speed. The purpose of this cruise aboard NOAA Ship Nancy Foster was to collect in situ optical and ancillary data for validation of JPSS VIIRS satellite ocean color radiometry and derived products. The project interval was 9 to 22 November 2014. This 14-day interval included 10 days at sea (including transits), 2 staging days, 1 de-staging day and 1 day crew rest. Days at sea were 11 to 20 November 2014. The primary area of operations was the Western Atlantic along the U.S. Mid- and Southeastern Coast, including cross-shelf, Gulf Stream and blue waters. The cruise track was optimized to accommodate sampling transient features present in the region while respecting weather conditions during the time of the cruise. The cruise transected over 1800 km and occupied 23 stations for collection of underway and profile ocean color measurements during the 10-day duration. Ocean Color in situ validation of SNPP-VIIRS and optical characterization of water masses for algorithm development completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0156310 Preview graphic PNG 0156310 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-07-19 publication AIR TEMPERATURE biological data CHLOROPHYLL - EXTRACTED Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) CONDUCTIVITY DEPTH - SENSOR DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON HPLC PIGMENTS LATITUDE LONGITUDE OPTICAL OPTICAL BACKSCATTER PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON PIGMENTS SALINITY SALINITY - SURFACE WATER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE WATER COLOR water depth WATER TEMPERATURE WEATHER WIND DIRECTION WIND SPEED theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CTD Flow Cytometer Flow-through pump fluorometer spectrophotometer thermosalinograph instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS biological in situ meteorological optical physical profile surface measurements surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Nancy Foster platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS North Atlantic Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/STAR > Center for Satellite Applications and Research, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND DIRECTION EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS > WIND SPEED EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ORGANIC MATTER EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PIGMENTS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > OCEAN COLOR EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > CONDUCTIVITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth FLOW CYTOMETRY FLUOROMETERS > FLUOROMETERS OPTSPEC > Optical Spectrometer THERMOSALINOGRAPHS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NANCY FOSTER (call sign: WTER, ICES code: 33NF, 2004-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Mid-Atlantic US Coast South-Atlantic US Coast place Provider Sea Names XD180J Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Ondrusek, Michael; Stengel, Eric; Lance, Veronica P.; Wang, Menghua; Voss, Kenneth J.; Zibordi, Giuseppe; Talone, Marco; Lee, Zhongping; Wei, Jianwei; Lin, Junfang; Hu, Chuanmin; English, David; Kovach, Charles; Cannizzaro, Jennifer; Gilerson, Alex; Ahmed, Sam; Ibrahim, Amir; El-Habashi, Ahmed; Foster, Robert; Arnone, Robert; Vandermeulen, Ryan; Ladner, Sherwin; Goode, Wesley; Goes, Joaquim I.; do Rosario Gomes, Helga; Chekalyuk, Alex; McKee, Kali; Freeman, Scott; Neeley, Aimee R.; Johnson, B. Carol (2018). In situ optical, oceanographic and meteorological data including spectral radiance, remote sensing reflectance and other oceanographic and meteorological data collected aboard NOAA Ship Nancy Foster in the US Coastal mid-Atlantic and Western Atlantic Ocean for the JPSS dedicated VIIRS Calibration/Validation cruise from 2014-11-11 to 2014-11-20 (NCEI Accession 0156310). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0156310. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Ondrusek, Michael; Lance, Veronica Peterson. Report for dedicated JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise; Dedicated JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise. NOAA technical report NESDIS; 146. 2015. https://doi.org/10.7289/v52b8w0z 2015 publication noaa:16383 International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.7289/v52b8w0z https://doi.org/10.7289/v52b8w0z HTTPS https://doi.org/10.7289/v52b8w0z NOAA Central Library: Technical Report information Ondrusek, Michael author Lance, Veronica Peterson author United States, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service author NOAA Library https://library.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Library website Institution web page information publisher NOAA technical report NESDIS ; 146 crossReference collection eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -80.1 -74.7 31.8 35.4 2014-11-11 2014-11-20 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 2691.836 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0156310 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/156310 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/156310 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0123/0156310/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0156310 v1.1 was published. 2018-08-16T16:02:16Z NCEI Accession 0156310 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0156310/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0156310 v1.1 published 2018-08-16T16:02:16Z download asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe Flow Cytometer Flow Cytometer A method to enumerate bacterial and phytoplankton cells in seawater and estimate their spherical diameter Flow cytometers are laboratory based instruments used to measure cells and particles from aqueous samples. The instrument was initially developed for analysis of Human blood cells for medical purposes, but this technology was adopted by the ocean science community by several investigators, principally Penny Chischolm out of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in late 20th century. Since then, the technique has been broadly applied, and it is a unique measurement of microbial populations in the ocean because it provides one at a time measures of cells, to extrapolate features such as fluorescence and cell size. Flow cytometers have been adapted for a number of oceanographic applications such as ship board measurement, and more precise measurement of planktonic fractions. Additionally, the flow cytometer has been adapted for in-situ deployment (see the corresponding nodc instrument code). Flow-through pump Flow-through pump Flow-through pump refers to a pump system, often found onboard a research vessel. Such pump can feed seawater continuously into instrument that record certain properties of the seawater continuously. fluorometer fluorometer fluorometer spectrophotometer spectrophotometer spectrophotometer, optical spectrometer, spectrograph or spectroscope An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials. Butler, L. R. P.; Laqua, K. (1995). "Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-IX. Instrumentation for the spectral dispersion and isolation of optical radiation (IUPAC Recommendations 1995)". Pure Appl. Chem. IUPAC. 67 (10): 1725–1744. doi:10.1351/pac199567101725. A spectrometer is the general term for describing a combination of spectral apparatus with one or more detectors to measure the intensity of one or more spectral bands." thermosalinograph thermosalinograph automated sea surface temperature and salinity instrument, usually attached to the hull of a ship Thermosalinograph is an automated Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity measurement system making measurement on board a ship using a water intake. [https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/tsg/about.php 2021-01-29] NOAA Ship Nancy Foster Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Environmental) DOB: May 1991 IMO: 8993227 Former Name: Agate Pass (YTT-12) (2002)