noaa-fire-16644 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2024-03-15 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Higuera fire data from Wild Tussock Lake, South-Central Brooks Range, Alaska - IMPD USWK-001 2014-04-02 publication doi:10.25921/0gcc-ax86 noaa-fire-16644 NCEI DSI 1200_02 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Higuera, P.E. originator Higuera, P.E. author Brubaker, L.B. originator Brubaker, L.B. author Anderson, P.M. originator Anderson, P.M. author Hu, F.S. originator Hu, F.S. author Brown, T.A. originator Brown, T.A. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|paleolimnology with a geographic location of United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 7841 to -53 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past fire occurrence from tree rings, charcoal found in lake sediments, and other proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. Additional information on the International Multiproxy Database (IMPD) dataset procedures are also available. completed NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology Data Center Contact 828-271-4800 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/NE31 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-fire.png Paleoclimatology - Fire History PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Land Records > Fire History theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|paleolimnology earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|paleolimnology earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|paleolimnology earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|paleolimnology earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|paleolimnology earth science > paleoclimate > fire history|paleolimnology earth science > paleoclimate > fire history > charcoal sediment theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Arctic theme What: depth at sample start; Material: null What: age at sample start; Material: null What: charcoal; Material: sediment What: age at sample end; Material: null What: depth at sample end; Material: null What: volume; Material: wet sediment theme Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus PaST Thesaurus information publisher Continent > North America > United States Of America > Wild Tussock - charcoal db > LATITUDE 67.127778 > LONGITUDE -151.381944 place DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2025 revision 22 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian otherRestrictions Cite as: Higuera, P.E.; Brubaker, L.B.; Anderson, P.M.; Hu, F.S.; Brown, T.A. (2014-04-02): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Higuera fire data from Wild Tussock Lake, South-Central Brooks Range, Alaska - IMPD USWK-001. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/0gcc-ax86. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Vegetation Mediated the Impacts of Postglacial Climate Change on Fire Regimes in the South-Central Brooks Range, Alaska 2009 publication Philip E. Higuera, Linda B. Brubaker, Patricia M. Anderson, Feng Sheng Hu and Thomas A. Brown author Ecological Monographs publisher https://doi.org/10.1890/07-2019.1 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 2009 Philip E. Higuera, Linda B. Brubaker, Patricia M. Anderson, Feng Sheng Hu and Thomas A. Brown, 2009: Vegetation Mediated the Impacts of Postglacial Climate Change on Fire Regimes in the South-Central Brooks Range, Alaska. Ecological Monographs, 79, 201-219, 10.1890/07-2019.1 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 7841 cal yr BP to -53 cal yr BP; -151.381944 -151.381944 67.127778 67.127778 Study Coordinates 67.127778 -151.381944 -5891 2003 STUDY NOTES: Wild Tussock Lake data file contents: (1.) uswk-001.txt – contains: (a.) metadata, (b.) charcoal data in the "Data" section (which is the same as data the charcoal data in uswk-001-chardata.csv [CharAnalysis input file, See https://sites.google.com/site/charanalysis/ for more details]), and (c.) a "Chronology" section which includes depth and age data from the published age-depth model, and radiocarbon dates (radiocarbon dates are also locted in “Higuera_et_al_2009_Table_B1”in the folder titled “C14_dates” as published here: http://www.esapubs.org/archive/mono/M079/007/). Online Resource: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uswk-001.txt, (2.) uswk-001-age-depth-fig.pdf – Figure of the age-depth model, 1/4 of Fig. 2 in Higuera et al. (2009). Online_Resource: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-age-depth-fig.pdf, (3.) uswk-001-chardata.csv – Charcoal data in a CharAnalysis input file. Units are in the column headers: See https://sites.google.com/site/charanalysis/ for more details. Note: the data in this file is the same as the data in the "Data" section of: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uswk-001.txt. Online_Resource: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-chardata.csv, (4.) uswk-001-charparams.csv – Parameter file CharAnalysis, with parameters as used in the original publication. See https://sites.google.com/site/charanalysis/ for more details. Online_Resource: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-charparams.csv, (5.) uswk-001-charresults.csv – CharAnalysis results file. Units are in the column headers: See https://sites.google.com/site/charanalysis/ for more details. Online_Resource: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-charresults.csv, (6.) uswk-001-pollen.xls – Pollen counts for each sample. The tab “pollen_counts” and “pollen_cm” contains raw the same data as in the tab “data” but in a raw format used for plotting. Ages associated with each pollen sample have to be obtained from the "Chronology, Depth (cm) and age (cal yr BP) from the published age-depth model" section of file “uswk-001.txt”. Online_Resource: http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-pollen.xls.; Keywords, Alaska (USA), arctic, boreal forest, charcoal analysis, climate change, deciduous woodland, fire history, landscape flammability, pollen analysis, shrub tundra, tundra; Site size(ha), 2; Sigle; Entity name, CO (Internal lab code); Investigators; Contact person, Philip Higuera, phiguera@uidaho.edu, pehiguera@gmail.com; Sampling date, Summer 2001; Sampling device, modified Livingstone piston corer (Wright et al. 1984); Diameter(cm), 8; Water depth(cm); Analysis method, "Sediments were collected from the center of each lake with two parallel, overlapping 8-cm diameter cores. Surface sediments (roughly <50 cm) were collected with a polycarbonate tube and the top 10-20 cm sliced at 0.5- 1.0 cm in the field. All cores had intermittent laminae, which were used to match records from overlapping segments of adjacent cores. Charcoal was identified at l(M0x magnification based on color, morphology, and texture. Charcoal concentrations (pieces per cubic centimeter) were multiplied by the estimated sedimentation rate (centimeters per year) to obtain the charcoal accumula- tion rate (CHAR, number of pieces per square centimeter per year) of each sample. Quantifying charcoal pieces instead of area was supported by empirical and theoretical studies linking fires with high charcoal counts (Whitlock and Millspaugh 1996, Gard- ner and Whitlock 2001, Gavin et al. 2003, Higuera et al. 2005, Peters and Higuera 2007) and by strong correla- tions between charcoal area and charcoal counts within individual records (Hallett and Walker 2000, Hallett et al. 2003). By using charcoal counts, we implicitly assumed that fragmentation of charcoal pieces was constant through time. For more details, including pollen analysis and record quality, please see Higuera_et_al_2009."; Instrumentation; Location description; Related NAPD, or Neotoma Pollen Chronology; ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: We examined direct and indirect impacts of millennial-scale climate change on fire regimes in the south-central Brooks Range, Alaska, USA, using four lake sediment records and existing paleoclimate interpretations. New techniques were introduced to identify charcoal peaks semi-objectively and to detect statistical differences between fire regimes. Peaks in charcoal accumulation rates provided estimates of fire return intervals (FRIs), which were compared among vegetation zones identified by fossil pollen and stornata. Climatic warming between ca. 15 000-9000 yr BP (calendar years before Common Era [CE] 1950) coincided with shifts in vegetation from herb tundra to shrub tundra to deciduous woodlands, all novel species assemblages relative to modern vegetation. Two sites cover this period and show decreased FRIs with the transition from herb to Betula-dominated shrub tundra ca. 13 300- 14300 yr BP (FRImean = 144 yr; 95% CI = 120-169 yr), when climate warmed but remained cooler than present. Although warming would have favored shorter FRIs in the shrub tundra, the shift to more continuous, flammable fuels relative to herb tundra was probably a more important cause of increased burning. Similarly, a vegetation shift to Populus-dominated deciduous woodlands overrode the influence of warmer- and drier-than-present summers, resulting in lower fire activity from ca. 10 300-8250 yr BP (FRImean = 251 yr; 95% CI = 156- 347 yr). Three sites record the mid-to-late Holocene, when climatic cooling and moistening allowed Picea glauca forest-tundra and P. mariana boreal forests to establish ca. 8000 and 5500 yr BP, respectively. FRIs in forest-tundra were either similar to or shorter than those in the deciduous woodlands (FRImean range = 131-238 yr). The addition of P. mariana ca. 5500 yr BP increased landscape flammability, overrode the effects of climatic cooling and moistening and resulted in lower FRIs (FRImean= 145 yr; 95% CI = 130-163). Overall, shifts in fire regimes were strongly linked to changes in vegetation, which were responding to millennial-scale climate change. We conclude that shifts in vegetation can amplify or override the direct influence of climate change on fire regimes, when vegetation shifts significantly modify landscape flammability. Our findings emphasize the importance of biophysical feedbacks between climate, fire, and vegetation in determining the response of ecosystems to past, and by inference, future climate change. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Native Format(s) https://doi.org/10.25921/0gcc-ax86 HTTPS Landing Page Metadata Landing Page NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/16644 HTTPS Web Browser NOAA Study Page Study page with data access information. search https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history HTTPS Information NCEI Fire Page General information for this data type. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uswk-001.txt HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-pollen.xls HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-char-results.csv HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-char-params.csv HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-char-data.csv HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uswk-001-age-depth-fig.pdf HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21