gov.noaa.nodc:0301689 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-05-16T15:45:16Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Drumlin bluff erosion field measurements, retreat rate calculations, and SWAN wave model results, Boston Harbor Islands, Massachusetts, 1995-04-01 to 2021-08-04 (NCEI Accession 0301689) 2025-02-13 publication 2025-02-10 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/jykn-xg84 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0301689 NCEI Archive Management System 0301689 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Boston University (BU) http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Sarah Black Boston University (BU) blacks@bu.edu http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information pointOfContact Duncan FitzGerald Boston University (BU) dunc@bu.edu http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Zoe Hughes Boston University (BU) zoeh@bu.edu http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Black, Sarah K. Boston University http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information author FitzGerald, Duncan M. Boston University http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information author Hughes, Zoe J. Boston University http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information author Boston University (BU) http://www.bu.edu HTTP Boston University (BU) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The data set consists of a combination of field, satellite, GIS, and simulated wave data (SWAN) for the purpose of calculating retreat rates and evaluating erosion potential on exposed bluffs on the Boston Harbor Islands in Massachusetts, USA. A CSV contains data on the retreat rate, orientation, bluff height, bluff elevation above MSL, mud percentage, and seawall presence for each bluff. The Example_SWAN_Model.zip file contains all input files used to simulate a sample scenario in SWAN. The Shapefiles.zip contains the location of each bluff and the shapefiles used to calculate the retreat rates. The data set was used to calculate retreat rates for each bluff, and then to determine the main drivers of bluff retreat on the Boston Harbor Islands, which are a drowned drumlin field. Retreat rates were compared between islands and to similar sites globally. Funding Agency: US DOI; National Park Service completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0301689 Preview graphic PNG 0301689 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2024-11-04 publication LATITUDE LONGITUDE SEDIMENT - GRAIN SIZE WAVE HEIGHT - SIGNIFICANT theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS LIDAR instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ laboratory analyses model output satellite data theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS Boston University dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Boston University dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Gulf of Maine place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN WAVES > SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Bluff elevation Bluff height Erosion Rate Orientation Seawall presence theme Provider Keywords LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian ArcMap 10.8 with DSAS v. 5 add-in GIS Ro-Tap Sieve Shaker SWAN Visual inspection instrument Provider Instruments OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MAINE place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Boston Harbor place Provider Place Names 09EM6B Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Black, Sarah K.; FitzGerald, Duncan M.; Hughes, Zoe J. (2025). Drumlin bluff erosion field measurements, retreat rate calculations, and SWAN wave model results, Boston Harbor Islands, Massachusetts, 1995-04-01 to 2021-08-04 (NCEI Accession 0301689). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/jykn-xg84. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Sarah K. Black, Zoe J. Hughes, Duncan M. FitzGerald, Controls on coastal bluff erosion of a drowned drumlin field: Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, Geomorphology, 2024, 109490, ISSN 0169-555X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109490. 2025-01-01 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109490 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109490 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109490 related journal article information Black, Sarah K. Boston University, Department of Earth and Environment author Hughes, Zoe J. Boston University, Department of Earth and Environment author Fitzgerald, Duncan M. Boston University, Department of Earth and Environment author Elsevier publisher documentDigital Geomorphology Volume 468 crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -71.08 -70.8 42.2 42.4 1995-04-01 2021-08-04 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Shapefile CSV Geodatabase 7.012 https://doi.org/10.25921/jykn-xg84 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/301689 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/301689 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0232/0301689/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0301689 v1.1 was published. 2025-02-13T18:24:36Z NCEI Accession 0301689 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0301689/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0301689 v1.1 published 2025-02-13T18:24:36Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Erosion Rate (calculated); Units: m/yr; Observation Category: other; Sampling Instrument: ArcMap 10.8 with DSAS v. 5 add-in; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Bluff profiles were traced from MassGIS orthoimagery. Up to eight profiles were mapped for each bluff, spanning from 1995 to 2021. Average linear retreat rates were calculated using these profiles with the methodology recommended in the DSAS handbook. Himmelstoss, E.A., Henderson, R.E., Kratzmann, M.G., Farris, A.S., 2021. Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.1 use guide (Open-File Report No. 1091). U.S. Geologiclal Survey.; Data Quality Method: Profiles were manually georeferenced in relation to a static structure that remained constant throughout all years of imagery. Certain years of imagery were not included for particular bluffs where the image quality was of low resolution, or where vegetation or shadow blocked the bluff edge. Additionally, the retreat rates were ground-truthed using field data collected at 9 of the bluffs from 2004-2014. There is close agreement between the field measurements and the calculated retreat rates (R2=0.96) Parameter or Variable: Bluff height (measured); Units: meters; Observation Category: satellite; Sampling Instrument: LIDAR; Sampling and Analyzing Method: The average height of each bluff (from base to top) was calculated using a topo-bathymetry Lidar DEM compiled in 2018 by USACE NCMP and downloaded from the MassGIS MassMapper tool. Parameter or Variable: Bluff elevation (measured); Units: meters; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: RTK; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Surveys of the elevation of the bluff base above MSL were carried out using a Topcon Hiper II GPS GLONASS RTK and supplemented using LIDAR as described above for bluff height) Parameter or Variable: SEDIMENT - GRAIN SIZE (measured); Units: Phi; Observation Category: laboratory analysis; Sampling Instrument: Ro-Tap Sieve Shaker; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Hand samples of the till matrix were taken from each bluff and sieved to determine the percent gravel, sand, and mud. Parameter or Variable: WAVE HEIGHT - SIGNIFICANT (calculated); Units: m; Observation Category: model output; Sampling Instrument: SWAN; Sampling and Analyzing Method: SWAN 41.31 was used to simulate wave parameters for 64 different wind scenarios (16 wind directions, 4 wind speeds) and at 4 different water levels, to represent MSL, a 1-year, a 10-year, and a 100-year storm.; Data Quality Method: The wave model consists of three grids: the smallest grid (20 m resoltion) of Boston Harbor is nested within a 300-m grid of Massachusetts Bay, which is nested within a 600-m grid of the Gulf of Maine. The model was calibrated wave height data obtained from NOAA Buoy 44013 (NDBC). At the location of the buoy, the model shows close agreement with the buoy (R2 0f 0.95). Parameter or Variable: Orientation (measured); Units: degrees; Observation Category: other; Sampling Instrument: GIS; Sampling and Analyzing Method: The orientation of each bluff (from 0 to 360 degrees) was recorded. Parameter or Variable: Seawall presence (measured); Units: Binary; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Visual inspection; Sampling and Analyzing Method: The presence or lack of a seawall in front of each bluff was noted during field surveys and through satellite imagery. Presence of a seawall (regardless of condition) is denoted by a 1. Lack of any seawall is denoted by a 0. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian LIDAR LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging Remote sensing instrument with laser and receiver that uses time, strength and polarization of return to determine characteristics of target.