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    • AIR TEMPERATURE, Surface pressure, and others collected from FIXED STATIONS OF CANADA in Canada from 1768-09-11 to 1884-02-29 (NCEI Accession 0304217)

    Metadata Updated: September 2, 2025

    Historical weather journals from across Canada, spanning 1768 - 1884, have been transcribed from handwritten records into machine readable formats. The NORTHERN (Nineteenth-century Overseas Records Transcribed for Historical Environmental Reconstruction in the North) project transcribed nearly 2 million weather observations from 45 locations. The original documents are in archives outside Canada, including the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), the National Centres for Environmental Information (NCEI) and the United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO). Observers recorded from three to twenty weather variables, in most cases two or three times daily. Validation procedures are carried out with export files produced in both the original format and in SI units. Observations of pressure, temperature, precipitation, snow depth, cloud cover, cloud type, wind direction and wind force are transcribed along with detailed descriptions of events including fires, floods, ice formation and break up, storms and other weather phenomena.

    Access & Use Information

    License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

    Downloads & Resources

    Dates

    Metadata Date 2025-06-03T13:45:39Z
    Metadata Created Date June 1, 2025
    Metadata Updated Date September 2, 2025
    Reference Date(s) May 14, 2025 (publication)
    Frequency Of Update asNeeded

    Metadata Source

    Harvested from NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions

    Other Data Resources

    Graphic Preview

    Preview graphic

    Additional Metadata

    Resource Type Dataset
    Metadata Date 2025-06-03T13:45:39Z
    Metadata Created Date June 1, 2025
    Metadata Updated Date September 2, 2025
    Reference Date(s) May 14, 2025 (publication)
    Responsible Party (Point of Contact)
    Contact Email
    Guid gov.noaa.nodc:0304217
    Access Constraints Cite as: Slonosky, Victoria; Black, Rachel; Podolsky, Lori (2025). AIR TEMPERATURE, Surface pressure, and others collected from FIXED STATIONS OF CANADA in Canada from 1768-09-11 to 1884-02-29 (NCEI Accession 0304217). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/g637-9093. Accessed [date]., Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
    Bbox East Long -52.6
    Bbox North Lat 69.1
    Bbox South Lat 42
    Bbox West Long -135
    Coupled Resource
    Frequency Of Update asNeeded
    Graphic Preview Description Preview graphic
    Graphic Preview File https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0304217
    Graphic Preview Type PNG
    Harvest Object Id 519181ae-48b5-4024-83ec-7c5bd84008a1
    Harvest Source Id c084a438-6f6b-470d-93e0-16aeddb9f513
    Harvest Source Title NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions
    Licence accessLevel: Public
    Lineage
    Metadata Language eng
    Metadata Type geospatial
    Old Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [[[-135.0, 42.0], [-52.6, 42.0], [-52.6, 69.1], [-135.0, 69.1], [-135.0, 42.0]]]}
    Progress completed
    Spatial Data Service Type
    Spatial Reference System
    Spatial Harvester True
    Temporal Extent Begin 1768-09-11
    Temporal Extent End 1884-02-29

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